Who discovered oxygen?

From "Fire Air" to Discovery of Oxygen

/kloc-the greatest chemist in the 8th century was lavoisier. In fact, there is a regrettable story behind this name.

Scheler is an outstanding pharmacist. He adhered to the creed of "studying chemistry for the benefit of mankind" all his life and made many contributions. However, because he published later than others, a lot of work was done by his contemporaries behind him and published before him, so he lost priority.

However, people now realize his great contribution, and people remember his name in the development of chemical history.

Since ancient times, people have thought that air is a gas. The word "gas" was invented by Hellmont, because since he started, he found that there are all kinds of gases in nature.

1772, priestley published the article "Observation of Various Air" and recorded many gases.

1774, priestley discovered that heating mercury in the air can get a substance, which is actually what we now call "mercury oxide". Priestley called it mineral ash at that time.

Priestley heats mineral ash in a gas collector to see if gas is produced. As a result, a new gas was really collected, which is insoluble in water, but can support combustion. Later, he accidentally inhaled this air and felt very comfortable. At that time, priestley joked: "Will this gas become a consumer product and be snapped up?" So far, only mice and myself have smoked this kind of gas that can cheer up and relieve fatigue. "

Priestley discovered oxygen, but he still believed in phlogiston, so he named this gas "dephosphorized air". Priestley didn't believe lavoisier's oxidation theory until his death.

Scheler was born in Pomerania, Sweden on 1742, and now he is a part of Germany.

He has been an apprentice since 14 years old. Luckily, he worked in a drugstore, so he became a pharmacist. Taking advantage of this work, Scheler discovered many chemicals in his life.

In the experiment, Scheler found that air is not a gas. He realized that there were two components, one of which was not combustion-supporting, which he called unattractive phlogiston. Another kind of combustion-supporting air, which he called fire air.

Scheler is also a faithful believer in phlogiston theory. The "fire air" he discovered was oxygen.

However, when his related works were sent to print on 1775, the publishing house failed to print them in time, resulting in a delay of two years. At this time, everyone knows that priestley discovered "dephosphorized air".

Scheler lived only 44 years old. He studied chemistry, starting from his interest, making contributions to the development of mankind and benefiting the world.

At the age of 32, he was hired as an academician by the Academy of Sciences of the Royal Swedish Academy. Many scientific research institutions and universities invited him to teach or be a consultant, and offered him a well-paid and enviable position, but Scheler declined politely.

He is only willing to continue his research and become an ordinary pharmacist in an ordinary town. During the trial production, he found many acids.

1782, he prepared free hydrocyanic acid, and later discovered phosphoric acid, molybdic acid, arsenic acid, gallic acid, lactic acid, barite acid and so on. In addition, there are a large number of lipid varieties, such as acetate, hydrochloride, nitrate and benzoate.

1768, Scheler discovered the decomposition of silver chloride, which has great influence on modern human life. He mixed silver nitrate with hydrochloric acid to produce white precipitated silver chloride. Silver chloride turns black in the sun.

This principle is a chemical method widely used in photography, which can develop and develop images.

1774, Scheler discovered that manganese dioxide can react with hydrochloric acid. As a result, an unpleasant yellow-green gas was emitted as soon as we met, which was extremely exciting. Scheler discovered the nature of this gas: it has bleaching and corrosive effects on metals, is slightly soluble in water and is very toxic.

This is a new element. Unfortunately, Scheler failed to reveal this phenomenon correctly, because he believed in phlogiston theory, and as a result, he lost the opportunity to discover new elements.

Scheler made many discoveries, but because of his mistakes in understanding, he turned a blind eye to many new things and lost many opportunities. For example, although he discovered oxygen, he failed to explain its essence accurately. Wrong old ideas bound his research and left us many warnings in the history of science.

Scheler devoted himself to chemistry. He has developed a new medicine and has always wanted to try it. For a long time, he died prematurely because of chronic poisoning.

He is still a respected explorer.