What impact does suburbanization have on cities?

If a few years ago, the "suburbanization movement" in China's big cities appeared quietly, but in recent years, it has begun to become an important movement. Taking Guangzhou as an example, Lijiang Garden, located in Dashi Town, Panyu, a county-level city in Guangzhou, embodies the pursuit of "environment" and "taste" and is very attractive to white-collar workers and middle-and high-income classes in Guangzhou. ......

If a few years ago, the "suburbanization movement" in China's big cities appeared quietly, but in recent years, it has begun to become an important movement. Taking Guangzhou as an example, Lijiang Garden, located in Dashi Town, Panyu, a county-level city in Guangzhou, embodies the pursuit of "environment" and "taste", which has great appeal to white-collar workers and middle-and high-income classes in Guangzhou. The demonstration role of Lijiang Garden has also had a great impact on the real estate industry in the Pearl River Delta. In just a few years, Panyu Dashi Town has quickly become the landing point and testing ground for large-scale suburban real estate projects. Guangzhou country garden, Luoxi New Town, Guangzhou Olympic Garden, Guangdi Garden and South China Country Garden have all achieved great success. Among the buyers of these real estate projects, Guangzhou people account for the vast majority, making Panyu.

The rise of suburban real estate has had a significant impact on urban real estate. 1999 Statistics in the first half of the year show that the pre-sale area of large-scale real estate in Dashi Town, Panyu has nearly doubled compared with the same period, and the pre-sale area of real estate in Guangzhou has nearly doubled compared with the same period, while the pre-sale area of real estate in Guangzhou has declined.

Analyzing the social background of suburbanization in big cities is the basis of studying suburbanization phenomenon and its development trend. Judging from the current situation and the next few years, the social background of suburbanization in big cities mainly includes the following aspects:

(1) era development and improvement of living standards. The new century is called the era of knowledge economy and information economy. The information wave led by the "information superhighway" (that is, the digital large-capacity optical fiber communication network) will inevitably have an impact on the shape, structure and functional division of traditional towns and change people's behavior and lifestyle. In the era of industrialization, people generally regard the city center as the first choice for living, where the transportation is convenient, shopping is convenient, public service facilities are complete, and education and medical conditions are good. Despite the high population density and serious air pollution, people are always reluctant to leave the city center. However, in the information society, the transmission of information is no longer limited by geographical conditions, the spatial distance is greatly shortened, the agglomeration effect is weakened, and people pay more attention to the quality of living environment. In some developed cities, "SOHO" has become a social component that cannot be ignored, and informatization has also become an important "selling point" of commodity real estate, which has received enthusiastic response from the market.

(2) The real estate industry has become a pillar industry of urban economy, and it is becoming more and more market-oriented. The implementation of a series of policies, such as housing reform, monetary housing distribution, housing bank mortgage, etc. It makes the development of the real estate industry begin to have real vitality, and also makes the residents change from passive recipients to active selectors. On the other hand, with the rapid development of the real estate industry, the proportion of second-time home buyers and multiple home buyers in real estate activities is increasing, and the second-hand property market is becoming increasingly fierce. Small-scale real estate development that is compatible with each other is less and less competitive. The low land use cost of suburban real estate makes real estate development form a large scale, which is convenient for the implementation of property management and forms a safe, comfortable and beautiful living environment.

(3) The transformation of the old city has little effect, and the environmental quality in the central area of the city continues to decline. It is difficult to rebuild the old city in big cities in China, and there are few real successful examples. The main contradiction is that it is not easy to coordinate the relationship between economic benefits, social benefits and environmental benefits. Take Guangzhou as an example. In recent years, the transformation of the old city in Guangzhou has been far away from the initial decline. It was thought that it could improve the infrastructure environment in the central area of the city, evacuate the population and alleviate the adverse effects of "urban diseases". The reality is that the more reconstruction, the greater the population density and the more serious the situation. The environmental quality in the central area of the city continues to decline or even deteriorate, which makes some urban residents begin to enhance their confidence in the old city, but they are fascinated by the natural environmental atmosphere in the suburbs.

(4) improvement of transportation facilities in big cities and supporting facilities and living conditions in surrounding areas of cities. In recent years, with the increase of population density and the number of motor vehicles in big cities, most big cities in China have reformed and improved the original urban transportation system. With the construction of modern elevated roads, overpasses, inner (outer) ring roads and urban public rapid transit systems (including light rail and subway), urban traffic conditions have been greatly improved, and the traffic links between the city and surrounding areas have also been strengthened. Driven by the land market economy, China's urban land use structure is gradually optimized and transformed into high efficiency. After the manufacturing industry moved out of the city and entered the customs, foreign commercial retail institutions entered the market one after another, which made the competition in the commercial retail industry more intense and forced retailers to make efforts in chain operation and cost reduction. The improvement of traffic conditions around the city, the development of private cars and the low cost of land and facilities will make some businesses move to the suburbs and form large (warehouse-style) shopping centers (such as "Trust-Mart" in Guangzhou). On the other hand, for some private educational and medical institutions, the suburban environment is also attractive; Low land price, convenient management and beautiful environment. Guangzhou announced in June this year that Panyu City and Huadu City were set up as districts. Metro Line 4 will reach Panyu Center Town Bridge, and Guangzhou New International Airport has started construction in Huadu. This decision of the Guangzhou Municipal Government has greatly promoted the suburbanization of Guangzhou, and for consumers, it means that the cost of living in the suburbs has dropped (utilities, telephone charges, bridge tolls, etc. ). At the same time, the level of supporting facilities (education, medical care, commerce, entertainment, etc. ) It is not expected to reach a higher level in the suburbs.