What is the city that never sleeps in Shanghai?

"The city that never sleeps" is located in the north of downtown Shanghai and the southwest corner of Zhabei District. Planning and construction scope: Suzhou Creek in the south, Zhongxing Road in the north, Datong Road-Tianmu Middle Road-North-South Elevated Road in the east, Suzhou Creek-Hengfeng Road in the west, including Shanghai Railway Station. Total planned area 1.42 km2. The approved total construction volume is 2.8 million square meters with a total investment of 25 billion yuan. The basic completion time is 2000.

First, the source of the city

At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, this area belonged to Meiyuantou District. There are villages and farmhouses such as Yaojiazhai and Xiajiaxiang around. It is the birthplace of Chinese community in Zhabei. In the third year of Xuantong in Qing Dynasty (19 1 1), Zhabei Hydropower Company, known as the Pearl of Zhabei, was completed in Chadoujiao (now on the side of Shanghai Railway Station). In the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), Zhabei city was established. City Hall is located in Zongju Road (now * * * and Road). In 2 years of the Republic of China, the railway Maigen Road Freight Station (called East Station after liberation) was built in Moling Road today. With the rise of municipal administration and transportation, the market is increasingly prosperous. By 16, there were 14 roads such as Zhao Guang Road (now muxi Road), Huasheng Road and Meiyuan Road, with more than 0/00 factories and merchants. Among them, Yutong Flour Factory (now Shanghai No.3 Rice Mill) and Wei Tianyi Parent Factory. , which was quite influential in China's early national industries. Shikumen Lane 154 Lane, with tens of thousands of residents and several garden villas, is the bustling center of Zhabei West.

1February 28th and August13rd, the Japanese army invaded Shanghai twice and bombed the border area of Zhabei and China indiscriminately, and the buildings were basically destroyed. In addition to Quananfang, Daixiangli Lane, Hengfeng Road and Yutong Road, there are 10 sets of three-storey houses in the area. All the alleys and houses were destroyed. There is only 1 Yutong flour mill in the factory. The freight station on Megan Road was bombed many times and was devastated. After the fall of Shanghai, a large area in the south corner (around the present middle school) was occupied by the Japanese army and used as a military warehouse. Yaojiazhai (now Panguanlong) on the east side has become a settlement for victims, refugees and poor citizens who came to Shanghai from other places. There are three or four thousand shacks, simple houses and "rolling lumbricus", covering an area of 6 hectares, with more than 0/0.6 million residents. They are one of the high-density shanty towns in Shanghai. Narrow alleys, garbage accumulation, stinking water, swarms of mosquitoes and flies, and working people live in "hot water". On the west side, near Suzhou Creek, there are cemeteries such as Zhao Guang Villa, and it is also a land with potholes and overgrown weeds after being bombed. North Point is a terrible war relic and a huge poor village. Looking at the overall situation, the ruins and urban scenes have been unrecognizable.

After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, the Shanghai Municipal Government formulated the reconstruction plan of Zhabei West District to recover the war wounds. It is planned to build the whole Zhabei West District into an area with smooth municipal roads, numerous commercial outlets, diverse houses and developed urban features. However, due to the Kuomintang civil war and lack of financial resources, the plan became a dead letter.

After liberation, in 1950s, Zhao Guang Road was widened, renamed Tianmu West Road, and changshou road and Bridge were built. District People's Government, Public Security Bureau Building, District Workers' Club, * * * and Middle School and Chang 'an Middle School were built one after another, and the city's appearance was improved. In the 1960s and 1970s, some roads were widened and renovated. The number of public transport has increased and living conditions have improved. Especially after the third phase of construction, Pumpkin Lane has taken on a brand-new look and is well-known in Shanghai. However, as far as the whole region is concerned, due to the lack of financial resources and the limitation of the red line of municipal planning, there has been little change. From Huasheng Road to Kang Hua Road, from Tianmu West Road to Qingyun Square between * * and Road, thousands of families still live in mud tile houses with very simple sloping roofs. 7 1 1 meter-long * * river road, only one side of the road had a three-story simple factory building at the beginning of liberation, and there were low-rise houses, simple shops, primary schools and kindergartens on both sides of the road. On Hengfeng Road, except for a few large factories, transportation companies and parking lots, the city scenery is average. The northern edge of Moling Road is a low and crude wall of Shanghai East Railway Station, and the southern edge is a large area of Tianmu West Road. Apart from some warehouse buildings, simple houses are connected with simple houses.

1984, the new railway station in Shanghai was completed and large-scale municipal relocation began. /kloc-0 was completed and opened to traffic at the end of 987. Municipal roads, transportation facilities, commercial outlets and post and telecommunications institutions centered on the station have been completed and developed in an all-round way, creating preliminary conditions for building a city that never sleeps.

Second, planning and construction

At the end of 1987, Shanghai Railway Station was completed and opened to traffic, with an average of 59 pairs of trains running every day, accounting for 60% of the city's passenger traffic. Adding pedestrians in the market, it is estimated that the daily passenger flow will be nearly 2 million. Huge population resources have brought about the development and prosperity of municipal administration, transportation, commerce, service, finance and tourism, as well as considerable economic and social benefits. In order to further prosper the Shanghai Railway Station area, the Zhabei District Committee and District Government of China invited relevant leaders and experts to study and discuss, and make suggestions for the construction of the city that never sleeps.

The planning functions of the city that never sleeps are: Shanghai land passenger transport hub, business sub-center, municipal business center and urban life amusement park. Its main point: (1) The goal is to build a brand-new large-scale public activity center in a modern city. (2) On the premise of ensuring the traffic at the north gate of Shanghai, it integrates the functions of shopping, office, catering, entertainment and residence in the urban area to show the characteristics of the times of the city that never sleeps. (3) Reasonable organization of inter-port, intra-city and intra-city railways, long-distance buses, subways, ground buses, taxis and other traffic flows and people flows to form an air, ground and underground three-dimensional traffic network. (4) Focusing on the main roads of Tianmu West Road and Hengfeng Road, we will build 100 new and large-scale offices, businesses and residences with high density, high starting point and high quality, and strive to have their own characteristics. (5) A number of multi-storey and high-rise houses will be built along the edge of Suzhou Creek to form new residential areas, which, together with the "model section" reconstruction of Suzhou Creek (added in 1996), will become a new tourist landscape.

1992 in may, the preparatory work for the construction of the city that never sleeps began. First of all, the district government sends land lease and investment information to domestic and foreign countries. Second, there are still 18300 units and residents who need to move to make way for the land. From 65438 to 0993, the Shanghai Planning Bureau approved the detailed planning of the city that never sleeps, and the whole city construction entered a substantive stage. First of all, welcome and receive businessmen from the United States, Canada, Japan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and other countries and Hong Kong, Taiwan Province Province and other regions, including "Sugar King of Malaysia" Guo Henian, Hong Kong real estate tycoons Li Ka-shing and Lee Shau Kee, Chairman Lin Baixin of Lixin Group and Chairman Song Wu of Hong Kong Licheng International (Group) Co., Ltd., who expressed great enthusiasm for investing in the city that never sleeps. After negotiation, we signed a lease of 2 1 block,1.01.000 square meters, with a buildable area of 81.5000 square meters, and raised1.669 million yuan for the relocation and supporting projects signed by the big municipal government. The district government has set up the development office of the city that never sleeps, which is responsible for investment reception, coordination, management and service, and strives to create good conditions for the construction of the city that never sleeps.

By 1966, foreign-funded houses have been built in the area that never sleeps133,000 square meters, with an investment of13.9 million yuan. The domestic residential area is 273,500 square meters, with an investment of 65.438+64 billion yuan. Accumulated building115000m2. Of the 2.8 million square meters of buildings approved by the plan, there are more than 800,000 square meters of commercial services and entertainment, more than 850,000 square meters of office and trade facilities, and more than 50 square meters of residential and supporting buildings1/kloc-0. At the same time, many inter-port, long-distance and city bus stops have been established and improved. Large-capacity power, telecommunications, water supply, drainage and gas facilities are complete. Build a telephone office in the city that never sleeps with 60,000 communication capacity. Prepare hardware for the city that never sleeps to become a modern information port in Shanghai. By the end of 1996, 37 high-rise buildings and super-high-rise buildings over 100 meters had been built in the urban area, with 18 buildings under construction and 26 buildings under construction. The building areas are115000m2, 610000m2 and 800000m2 respectively.

Third, the first appearance of cities.

1. Building structure

Almost all urban areas are new buildings, commercial buildings, hotels and restaurants. It is novel in shape and diverse in form, which constitutes another landscape of Shanghai's urban architecture in the 1990s and shows a new look of Shanghai's reform and opening up. Due to the limited land and high land price, most of them are 100 meters high-rise and super-high-rise buildings, with simple appearance and enlarged podium, maximizing development space, reducing costs and increasing benefits. Most foreign-funded buildings come from Wang Ouyang Design Company. Advanced construction technology, materials and equipment are unique in Zhabei. Among many buildings, the city that never sleeps, the city that never sleeps and the commercial building invested by foreign businessmen and Hong Kong are particularly spectacular. The first phase of Kerry, the city that never sleeps, covers an area of 1.37 hectares. The building area is110500m2, the office building is 35 stories high,143m high, the business building is 38 stories high,132m high, the podium building is 4 stories high, 33,000m2, and the underground building is 3 floors, which is the highest building in Zhabei at present. The wall is made of blue curtain wall glass and reddish paint, which is warm and harmonious. City Plaza that never sleeps, covering an area of 1.53 hectares, with a building area of 654.38+10,000 square meters, 27 floors of office buildings and 30 floors of houses, all of which are 100 meters high, with glass curtain walls, novel shapes, all imported building materials and gorgeous fashion. The city that never sleeps is a 9-storey commercial building with an area of 0.48 hectares and a construction area of 26,500 square meters. Exquisitely decorated, the exterior wall is made of gold-plated curtain wall glass, resplendent and magnificent. It is called "Jin Wa Frog" in the city that never sleeps. Among many domestic-funded buildings, Huanlong Department Store, Central Asia Hotel, United Ticket Office Building, Post and Telecommunications Building and Longmen Hotel are located on both sides of the South Square after the initial completion of Shanghai Railway Station. Following the railway apartments and other buildings, a number of large-scale commercial buildings with novel shapes and advanced facilities, such as East China Hotel, Jikang Building, Chang 'an Building, Electromechanical Building, Mingshang Building, Xinzu Department Store, Xinya Great Wall Hotel and Xinya Plaza Hotel, have been built around the station, becoming the main body of the building complex that never sleeps. Magnolia Square, a huge stainless steel magnolia model, adorns the landscape of the northern gate of Shanghai's land. Square pedestrian street, 36 meters wide and long, with green space and red flowers. On both sides of the sculpture are 14 floor and 20 floor Xinya Plaza Hotel and Xinya Great Wall Hotel, which stand on the east and west sides respectively, with white exterior walls and trapezoidal ground, which are spacious and spectacular.

2. Commercial funds

In the urban area, Shanghai Jiashike Shopping Mall, the city that never sleeps, famous brand shopping malls, Xinzu Shopping Mall and Huanlong Shopping Mall have become the main business entities of the city that never sleeps, making it one of the four largest shopping malls in Shanghai and one of the top ten commercial centers in Shanghai. Star hotels such as Xinya Plaza Hotel, Xinya Great Wall Hotel, Longmen Hotel, East China Hotel, Far East Hotel that Never Sleeps, Central Asia Hotel, Lufeng Building, Railway Apartment, Chang 'an No.3 Building, Supply and Marketing Cooperative, Shanghai Railway Station Hotel, etc. Many catering and service industries, as well as many small and medium-sized shopping malls (shops), restaurants and hotels have opened one after another, making the commerce and service industry of the city that never sleeps all-round and multi-grade.

Commercial (residential) office buildings, as two important wings of commercial buildings, have reached 1996. At the beginning of 1996, more than 539,700 square meters and 10 commercial (residential) office buildings have been built. There are 465,438+1 00000 square meters of Chang 'an Building,1building, 24,300 square meters of United ticketing building, 35,200 square meters of electromechanical building, 365,438+100000 square meters of Jikang Building, and a number of domestic and foreign commercial, enterprise, administrative and economic management departments.

The financial and securities industries in the city that never sleeps have begun to take shape. Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China, China Construction Bank, China Everbright Bank, Urban Cooperative Bank, People's Insurance Company and other branches have been established one after another, and there are 2 branches of the stock exchange that never sleeps.

3. Transportation and post and telecommunications

Shanghai Metro 1 Line Hanzhong Road Station and Shanghai Station, more than 50 local bus lines, and two large taxi dispatching stations are located in the city center. The city that never sleeps is a passenger transport network inside and outside the city, especially the fast and safe subway traffic. It takes only 5 minutes from Shanghai Railway Station to the People's Square in the city center, and only half an hour to Xinlonghua Bus Terminal. North-South Elevated Tianmu Road Overpass and changshou road Bridge have been built on the east and west sides of the city, and Hengfeng Road Bridge and Hengfeng Road Overpass and Hengfeng Road Bridge have been expanded at the north and south corners, which can cross Suzhou River to reach Huangpu, Jing 'an and other central cities. After crossing Hengfeng Road overpass, you can get on the inner ring elevated loop, east to Pudong New Area, west to National Highway 3 12 and Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway, south to the starting point of National Highway 3 18 and 320, and north to National Highway 204. Directly reach Baoshan and Wusong areas through the North-South Elevated Road, * * and new highways. Pedestrian streets, air corridors and underground passages under construction in urban areas will form a three-dimensional and spatial pedestrian network. Among them, Meiyuan Road Pedestrian Bridge 1996 was completed. Located on the east side of South Square of Shanghai Railway Station, between Lianpiao Building and Huanlong Shopping Mall, it has a total length of 39.3m, a width of about10.6m and a clearance of 5.6m at the lower part. The top cover is made of hot bent glass, and it is cooled by air conditioning in summer. Walking stairs are set on both sides, escalators are set on one side of the joint ticketing building, and one side of Huanlong Shopping Mall is directly connected with the pavement of the shopping mall. This bridge is one of the modern closed footbridges in Shanghai.

There are as many as 10 post and telecommunications institutions in the urban area, such as Shanghai Post and Telecommunications Building and its light and heavy mail processing center, municipal post and telecommunications transshipment center, telephone office that never sleeps, and Shanghai Guomai wireless telephone paging station. Handle mail posting, telegraph receiving and dispatching, telephone communication and other services at home and abroad. There are pay phones, magnetic cards and other public telephones to provide services for users.

4. Municipal facilities

On the edge of the city that never sleeps, there is a three-story ring-shaped large overpass between Shanghai North-South Elevated Road and Tianmu Road in the east, across Suzhou River in the south and the North-Vietnam Railway Line in the south. There is Hengfeng Road overpass in the west. Tianmu West Road is the main road of the city that never sleeps and the skeleton road of Shanghai. The red line is 50 meters wide, and the ground is 6 fast and 2 slow lanes. The west end is connected with Changshou Road Bridge leading to changshou road in Putuo District. Hengfeng Road is one of the main roads in the urban area, south to the city center, and north to Hutai Road, Inner Ring Road and Hu Jia Expressway. The red line is 40 meters wide and some sections are 60 meters wide. The traffic on Tianmu and Hengfeng roads is busy, and the peak of cross-section traffic reaches more than 200 vehicles per hour/kloc-0.

1996, the only telephone office of "Four Streets and Four Cities" in Shanghai was completed and opened, with a telephone capacity of 60,000. Its optical fiber communication, high-speed data transmission, satellite communication, Internet network and other facilities are compatible with the commercial and business functions of the city that never sleeps. Achieve the goal of users' various communication needs on demand, and create good conditions for the completion of the information port of the city that never sleeps. The foundation of 20,000 tons and a half underground reservoir was completed, and the 35,000-volt substation and gas pressure regulating station were put into use. New combined sewage pumping stations will be added, and the northern section of Meiyuan Road and CoCo Lee Road will be widened. The 220,000-volt substation and the Suzhou River Comprehensive Treatment Demonstration Section (Hengfeng Road-Hengtong Section of Guangfu Road) started construction one after another.

5. Culture and entertainment

Hanzhong Square, a Shanghai youth cultural activity center located at the intersection of Hengfeng Road and Hanzhong, was completed and officially opened at the end of 1996. It is an important youth activity place in Shanghai's opening to the outside world. In addition to youth culture, science and technology, socialization and study, there are music cafes, wedding halls, electronic amusement halls, film and television screening halls, art salons, small indoor Disney, electronic simulated golf and squash. There are sci-fi amusement projects, such as space world, volcanic eruption, earthquake, tsunami and so on. There are also the book square in the city that never sleeps, the bowling alley of Xinjia, and some modern film and television entertainment projects in shopping malls. To celebrate the 75th anniversary of the founding of China Producer Party and the opening ceremony of '95 and' 96 International Tea Culture Festival, a large-scale cultural performance was held in Yulan Square. Kerry, the city that never sleeps, held cultural activities in Jiashike Commercial Plaza to celebrate' 96 Christmas with the citizens. The South Square of Shanghai Railway Station has been the front of popular science education, national fitness campaign, fire protection, sanitation and legal publicity for many times. From 65438 to 0996, the demonstration section of comprehensive management along the Suzhou Creek in the city that never sleeps was implemented, and the yacht wharf in the city that never sleeps was built to gradually realize the tourism function of the Suzhou Creek.

6. Lighting technology

There are many floodlights, advertising lights, square lighting, green space and building lighting, road traffic lights, giant TV screens and electronic billboards in the South Square of Shanghai Railway Station. With Yulan Square as the center, Tianmu West Road and Hengfeng Road as the main axes, all kinds of lights are colorful, making it one of the four major night scenes in Shanghai.

By the end of 1997, the construction of the city that never sleeps will be completed1500,000 square meters, accounting for more than 53% of the total. The ground engineering of Zhabei District of Pearl Line of urban light rail will extend to the northeast and southwest through the north side of Shanghai Railway Station in the city that never sleeps. The large-scale double-decker underground parking garage in the South Square of Shanghai Railway Station, and the underground pedestrian tunnel between the Pearl Line Station of Shanghai North Square Urban Light Rail Station and Shanghai South Square Metro 1 Line have entered the design stage, and construction is expected to start within one or two years. By 2000, the total construction volume will be about 2 million square meters, accounting for nearly 7 1.4% of the scale, and the city that never sleeps will be basically built. By 2006, it will achieve the expected goal of building a city that never sleeps, and become a relatively perfect land passenger hub in Shanghai, one of Shanghai's urban business centers and a modern amusement park in Shanghai.