The Fate and Social Status of China People in Water Margin

A Study on the Literati Image in Water Margin

? Yuncheng international

Class 7 (3) Starry Sky

Zhao yikun

? Instructor: Wang

Abstract: In ancient times, people called literati the ancestors of Zhou Dynasty. "The Book of Songs, Elegant Jianghan": "Tell the literati." Mao Chuan: "Scholars are also virtuous people." Cao Pi's Wu Zhi Shu in the Three Kingdoms Period: "Throughout the ancient and modern literati, people don't care about details." At this time, the definition of a scholar is a person who can read and write. The concept of literati is also advancing with the times. Water Margin is a failed "literati uprising". The social status of literati is very low. Apart from passing the exam, there is only an uprising. After the uprising, Xu still wanted to be an official or make contributions to the country.

Water margin, literati, fate, social status, psychology

First of all, briefly introduce the psychological structure of literati.

In a certain historical period, people with similar living conditions often have similar psychological states. Moreover, in the feudal society of China for more than 2,000 years, in different historical periods, the status of the intellectual class in society and its relationship with other social classes are very similar. This similarity is reflected in all aspects of literati's psychology in feudal times, which has a far-reaching impact on their "amateur" creation. To accurately understand all kinds of works belonging to authoritarian social forms, it is undoubtedly a way worthy of our attention to start with the psychological structure of literati.

The so-called literati psychology refers to the mental state formed by the author in the process of trying to obtain political and economic benefits in a non-violent way, including the following parts: the success or frustration experience formed in the above process; Life experience and emotional experience from the bottom of society; Experience and personal feelings gained from direct or indirect communication with the ruling class; Characteristic factors are related to their personal background and survival characteristics. Whether it is to help the world, to help the poor, and to be kind to yourself, whether it is to "raise your voice from a distance" or "his flight through the fog", it can be said that it is a reflection of this psychology.

Second, the typical literati in Water Margin

Wang Lun, the founding boss and the first CEO of Liangshan, was originally "an outstanding scholar, who came here to become an outlaw with Du Qian because of his bird spirit". It seems that Wang Lun has read some books, failed in the college entrance examination, and has some Jianghu temperament, which is not ideal. And Du Qian once defected to Chai Jin, a "Chai Daguan", and got a little support from Chai Jin, so he pulled a group of troops in Liangshan and started a little "industry". Wang Lun entered this industry earlier, when the market competition was not too fierce. The first-Mover advantage enabled Mr. Wang to quickly occupy the geographical location-Liangshan, Shui Bo, and gradually establish a dominant position in the local market. This state has basically reached the imagination limit of boss Wang, because he knows his driving ability very well. Although it doesn't show up, it's true that having money means being safe and having money means being busy. It is also under the control of this kind of thinking and mentality that the talent structure of enterprises has basically maintained its initial stage and has not changed for many years. Wang Lun and several cronies maintained the position of the market leader in Shandong, and their life was fairly moist.

Wu Yong has an extremely important position in Liangshan, and his implied social content is extremely rich, and he is also a scholar worth studying. Wu Yong is a pedant in Sanli Village, but a rural teacher. But Wu Yong is good at mixing and has his own name in the Jianghu. He also paid attention to maintaining local relations and making friends with Classical. This shows that Wu Yong is not a smug person. He "outwitted the birth program", lured "Three Ruans" into the partnership, and completed the "Seven Stars Gathering Justice" and so on. However, if Wu Yong didn't fall behind, maybe the ending of Liangshan will change.

Third, Wang Lun.

When Shi Naian wrote The Water Margin, every word had subtle meanings. Wang Lun's nickname "Untitled Scholar" is not so simple. The real Wang Lun in history was actually dubbed the "Yellow Dress Show".

According to the history of Song Dynasty, there was indeed the Wang Lun Rebellion in Yizhou (now southeast of Linyi, Shandong). Although the number is very small, only a few dozen people, and later only a few hundred people, it is very powerful. According to Ouyang Xiu's records, this Wang Lun "robbed Yi, Mi, Hai, Yang, Si, Chu and other States, invited officials, seized all the armor, and ran wild in Huaihai ... Wang Lun was still wearing yellow clothes." As we all know, "yellow shirts" are not casually worn, and only people who have close ties with the royal family can wear yellow shirts. The Wang Lun, skill and strength is not big, tone and ambition is not small, openly challenge the court.

Shi Naian changed Wang Lun from a scholar in yellow clothes to a Untitled Scholar, and the difference between them was judged by their mind, boldness of vision, pattern and vision. Since only dare to wear "white", Wang Lun's future career is doomed to be no better.

Character and destiny are often inseparable. Wang Lun's narrow-mindedness also proved the reason for the conflict between Wang Lun and Lin Chong. In fact, the ranking system at that time thought that Wang Lun would take a chestnut from the fire and set the stage. The biggest advantage of ranking system is that the rank order of shanzhai is clear at a glance, high and low, clear and clear. But there are two problems with this ranking system: first, is the ranking based on seniority, ability and even the order of shanzhai? This can't be reflected, but Lin Chong, who used to be the coach of the 800,000 imperial army, was actually under Du Qian and Song Wan, both of whom were ordinary military commanders; Second, it is too rigid. According to this ranking system, seniority is everything. After ranking, you can't adjust it casually. Those who come late, no matter how high the technology and no matter how high the contribution, can only come second.

Wang Lun refused to accept Lin Chong at first, and his abacus was simple: "I don't have good martial arts, and Du Qian and Song Wan only have ordinary martial arts. Now, this person has been added. He is the imperial coach of Beijing, and he must be skilled in martial arts. If he sees through our means, he must be very powerful. How can we meet the enemy? If it weren't for the strange thing just now, we would have closed the accident and sent him down the mountain to avoid endless troubles. " Under the persuasion of Du Qian, Song Wan and Zhu Gui, Wang Lun had to put Ye Gonglong's true face away for a while and reluctantly accepted it, but he was always worried that the flood would cross the bridge.

Lin Chong and Yang Zhi fought for warlords. At that time, Yang Zhi and Lin Chong were evenly matched, but narrow-minded Wang Lun kept Yang Zhi. Obviously, Wang Lun has other ideas. Wang Lun left Yangzhi because he wanted the hero and the hero to outdo each other. The book describes it like this: "After a few drinks, Wang Wen thought:' If Lin Chong stays, it will really ruin us. Why don't I leave Yang Zhi as my enemy? "At the moment, the ugliness of Wang Lun's jealousy is displayed in front of people.

Fourth, Wu Yong

Wu Yong is the most active in Shangliang Mountain. Classical asked him if he wanted to grab a birthday show, so he could stay out of it. Even if he wants to get rich, he can hide behind the scenes and not show his face. As a result, he rushed to the front, more exposed than Bai Sheng, a day mouse. The six people who robbed the birth class were only for wealth, while Wu Yong was completely for rebellion! When wealth comes to hand, Chao Gai and others don't know where to go. Wu Yong had long planned to go to Liangshan. It's not about money, it's about life. Is Wu Yong a man who wants money without despair? Not exactly. If you don't go to Liangshan, a resourceful person like Wu Yong will take the road of fame and fortune and have a bright future. As for money, where can't I get a lot? A gentleman makes money in a proper way. Shangliang Mountain is the result of Wu Yong's careful consideration and the embodiment of his highest value in life.

Wu Yong deeply realized that literati had no value and status in this society, so he made such a choice. Before going to Liangshan, he did not encounter any major setbacks in life. However, carry weapons in class and always be ready to save your life. How unhappy and depressed is he? It seems that Lin Chong is not the only one who was forced to rebel. In our society, we talk about respecting knowledge and talents every day. In fact, intellectuals have no value.

After going to Liangshan, Wu Yong had many opportunities to escape and seize power, but he was determined to be his anti-thief, not greedy for money, greed or power. Attack the state and seize the county, and do our best; Make a decision, just for comfort.

After wooing tian hu, Wang Qing and Fang La, Wu Yong also had the opportunity to quit and escape. Even Fan Rui, Ma Ling, Zhu Gui and others know how to become monks and cultivate immortals. Wu Yong has enough brains. Why did he hang himself with Sung River? This also has a lot to do with the psychology of literati.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) abstract

Wang Lun and Wu Yong, two great intellectuals in Water Margin, reached the same goal by different routes. Scholars can't be leaders. "It won't take three years for a scholar to rebel." Shi Naian's works embody the intelligence, obedience and narrowness of literati.

Reference of intransitive verbs

Shi Naian. Water Margin [M] 1 Jinan: Qilu Bookstore, 1992 1.

[2] Wu Zhongjie 1 Introduction to Literature and Art [M] 1 Shanghai: Fudan University Press, 2002 1.

[3] Shi Naian 1 Jin Shengtan comments on the fifth book "The Water Margin of Shi Naian" [M]. Zhengzhou: Zhongzhou Ancient Books Publishing House, 1985 1

[4] Tang Gang, Nan Bingwen 1 Ming History (next) [M] 1 Shanghai: Shanghai People's Publishing House, 1985.

[5] Duan Deming 1 New Water Margin [M] 1 Kunming: Yunnan Nationalities Publishing House, 2002 1