Help me analyze the cultural differences and historical and cultural characteristics between the north and the south of China, with the Qinling Mountains and Huaihe River as the boundary.

China is the country with the biggest regional difference in the world. Today, I will focus on the "North-South Differences". How to divide north and south? The Huaihe River in Qinling Mountains is a boundary, a natural boundary, a humanistic boundary and a socio-economic boundary. The differences between North and South are manifested in nature, physique, language, personality, literature and art, diet, politics, culture and society. Let's take a look at the performance of physical fitness first. Southerners and northerners can tell the difference in appearance and body shape at a glance. Northerners look taller and fatter, while southerners are shorter and thinner, because northerners need fat, the area is cold and the south is hot, and thin people can dissipate heat. Head difference has an impact on many occupations.

Let's focus on the differences in character and literature between the north and the south, that is, the problem of being soft in the south and rigid in the north. An American youth has a deep understanding of this problem. After learning Mandarin, I came to China, feeling that Shanghai dialect and Beijing dialect are totally two modes. The Shanghainese said, "Ah, you speak Chinese very well. Where did you learn it? " ? How many years have you studied? You're amazing! "Layer by layer, praise and praise. In Beijing, it is very simple, "Hey! Dude, that's authentic. "It's all over. In a word, straightforward, tears of joy. Americans feel the personality differences between the north and the south, and I think he also has a deep understanding. Personality differences are reflected in many living habits, one of which is that northerners are generous, and the generous performance is that they like drinking, which has been the case since ancient times. Let's take a look at Li Bai. When I was forty years old, I went to Shandong as a guest and wrote a poem called "A Traveler's Journey". The last two sentences are "but the host can be drunk and don't know where he is", and he forgot all about his hometown. Li Bai likes drinking and appreciates the drinking habits of Shandong people very much. The reason is that the Ministry of Internal Trade has a very interesting statistic. Let's start with drinking beer. Where is the biggest consumption of beer? Harbin, Shenyang, Dalian and Qingdao are all in the north. Especially in Harbin, where two or three boys are together, one case is that they don't drink and don't need cups. Pick up the bottle to drink and blow the horn. This difference in personality is reflected in many aspects. For example, the charges are different. The conclusion of the Ministry of Public Security is that there are many violent cases in the north and many intelligence cases in the south.

Where are the differences in personality reflected in literature and art? The south is the south of the Yangtze River with apricot blossoms and spring rain, the south is soft and gentle, the north is the ancient road and the west wind, and the north is heroic and heroic. We can look at typical musical instruments. Southerners like playing the flute. When they play the flute, they will bow their heads and squint Yusheng should be quiet and not noisy. This is the style of playing the flute. Northerners blow the suona, and when the suona blows, they look up and stare, their voices are loud and passionate, and they twist their necks and shrug their shoulders with great movements. This is the personality difference between North and South. I like the waist drum in the north, and I pay attention to swinging the hammer hard, kicking hard, turning hard and jumping hard, which makes people look energetic and listen imposing. A very famous painter painted a shot of a waist drum, blowing and dancing. In my hometown of Zhejiang, there is a kind of drama called Yue Opera, which sings like a fish in the water and cries. Butterfly lovers is a traditional play. Up to now, the performers in butterfly lovers are all women. Women love women, because this kind of tune is suitable for women to sing, and men can't sing well. This is a traditional drama. But in the north, it's completely different. In the north, it is a typical Shaanxi opera, not singing, but yelling. The people said that a loud roar of Shaanxi opera scared the old ox on the hillside, and the eight-foot man burst into tears and married his daughter back. Its folk customs bear its character, and its roar is like the rushing of the Yellow River, the preciseness of Huashan Mountain and the profundity and solemnity of the yellow land. There is a kind of music in the south called pingtan. The first ten minutes of pingtan is very common, and there is a long string at the beginning, which reflects the character of southerners. There is also a school in the north called Shandong Kuaishu, which is completely different from Pingtan. Cut to the chase, the song "Song Wu Da Hu" came up, that is to say, "No gossip, a table is good for Hanwu Jiro", and the topic was immediately pointed out, especially the song "The Truth". That sentence is true, "Spring breeze blows, lights are lit when it is dark, rats make holes, wheat pushes noodles, sesame polishes oil, a head grows on the neck, and the casserole leaks." Shandong people are generous and frank, and there is nothing crooked and secretive. This is what we call south softness and north rigidity.

So, what is the biggest difference between North and South? The biggest difference is that the north is politically and militarily active and the south is economically and culturally developed. Let's have a look. Historically, the capital of China is mainly in the north, which means that the north is very active politically and militarily. There are actually two of the six ancient capitals, one is Xi 'an and the other is Beijing, which was in Xi 'an before the Tang Dynasty, moved to Beijing after the Tang Dynasty, was in Xi 'an a thousand years ago and was in Beijing a thousand years later. Kaifeng and Luoyang are six ancient capitals, also in the north, and the time is very short. Nanjing and Hangzhou are also six ancient capitals. As an ancient capital, when the north and the south were divided, they were all called Pian 'an small court. There is a saying that "Nanjing is dedicated to the late Lord", and the late Lord is the king of national subjugation. Chen Houzhu and Li Houzhu are both in Nanjing, which is not unified. Therefore, since the reunification of Qin Shihuang, our capitals have been mainly in Xi 'an and Beijing for two thousand years, representing the great political and military influence of the North. Why is the capital mainly in the north? First, we can look at the deployment of the army. During the reign of Tang Tianbao, the deployment of troops was basically in the north, but also in the south, rarely in Guangzhou and Chengdu. The deployment of the "nine strategies" of the Ming army is equivalent to our field army today, and nine field troops are arranged on the first line of the Great Wall. Why are the troops here? Because, in the history of China, the first line of the Great Wall is a natural border, an economic border between agriculture and nomadism, a national border, a place where nationalities meet and merge, a place where ethnic conflicts occur, and a place where wars frequently occur, so the troops are deployed here. The ancient emperor wanted to rule the army and manage the whole country. Only by building a capital near the military center could he control the army and the whole country and make the country rich and the people safe. This is the first reason why the capital is in the north. Second, because we are a big country, there are often divisions in history, but after the division, we are unified. After a long time, it will be divided. This is our history. There is a division law, which is basically the division between north and south. There is also a unified law, basically from north to south. In this process from north to south, Qin Shihuang first unified the six countries. Qin Shihuang's birthplace is in Xianyang, Xi 'an, Guanzhong, in the north. Then Liu Bang and Xiang Yu competed for the Han and Chu Dynasties. Liu Bang represents the northern forces, and his base area is Pei County at the border of Jiangsu and Shandong, and Xiang Yu's Chu State represents the southern forces. Finally, Liu defeated Xiang Yu. This is the second time. For the third time, the three kingdoms were returned to Jin, Jin Wei represented the northern forces, Liu Bei and Sun Quan represented the southern forces, and finally the north unified the three kingdoms and became the Jin Dynasty. Many of our literary novels describe Cao Cao as a traitor's white face, Liu Bei as orthodox, supplemented by Zhuge Liang, Guan Yunchang and Zhang Fei. But in fact, Cao Cao's contribution is enormous. He made great achievements in literature, military affairs and politics, which laid the foundation for reunification. This description of our literature and art is mainly influenced by orthodoxy. The unification of the Sui Dynasty originated in Taiyuan. Zhao Kuangyin was born near Shangqiu in Song Dynasty, and he himself was from Zhuoxian County, Hebei Province. Genghis Khan and Kublai Khan of the Yuan Dynasty certainly came from the northern desert. Manchu came in from the northeast. Finally, the China * * * Producer Party led millions of heroes to the south of the Yangtze River, or from north to south. This is a process we have repeated, and it is also a historical process. There is another exception here, that is, the Ming Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang unified the whole country and drove away the Mongols. His capital is in Nanjing, and Zhu Yuanzhang's tomb is still in Nanjing. This is one of the few examples of building a capital in the south during the period of national reunification. But the study of history shows that this period of history ended in tragedy. Because Zhu Yuanzhang knew that military towns and activities were in the north after he established his capital in Nanjing, he sent his fourth son Judy to Beijing to mobilize troops and control Nanjing. According to the current words, it is the commander of the Beijing Military Region. By the time Zhu Yuanzhang died, according to the hereditary practice of emperors in feudal society, it was passed on to his eldest son and grandson. His eldest son has passed away, so he passed it on to his grandson, who was a child and later became an emperor. Then his fourth son had a conflict with his eldest grandson. Finally, Judy drove her eldest grandson away and moved to Beijing, and then settled in Beijing in the Ming Dynasty, which lasted for 24 1 year. This explains why the political center and the military center should be combined to be stable, because the army is the foundation of politics.