When did Shiquan Garden become a private garden?

Shihuoyuan was originally the former residence of Hu Bangzuo, a doctor of punishments in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty. During the reign of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty, Chen Zhaoluan, the magistrate, and Guo, the governor of Zhili in Daoguang, once lived here.

Later 1885, Ding Shanbao, the richest man in wei county, bought it as a private house, renovated three old buildings in the north, titled "Xiang Yan Building", excavated the pool, piled up rockeries, and later became a private garden.

Because Weifang is located at the junction of the north and the south, the garden style also presents two styles: the north and the south. Businessmen and literati here can go south to Suzhou and Hangzhou or north to Kyoto. The advantages and disadvantages of the two places are also vividly displayed in this homestead.

There are not only pineapples in the garden for shade, but also beautiful pavilions in the pool. Marriage, a struggle between a scholar and coquettish, adds a literati atmosphere to this private garden.

The owner's name is Ding Shanbao, the word Chen Nuo, and the house number is Liu Zhai. As one of the four great gentry in Weifang, he can write poetry and prose, and has collected works such as Yun Geng's Capsule Summer. He traveled all over the country, bought the house and built a garden when he rebuilt it. This garden is as small as a water board. According to the owner, there are only "ten water boards".

"Wat" is a long and narrow hand held by ancient ministers when they went to court. It is mostly made of jade, ivory or bamboo chips. Ding Shanbao explained the name of Wanyuan in his Wan Yuan Ji:

Because it is small and easy to make, it is called Ten Water Gardens, and it is also famous for its small size.

The word "Wan" comes from Fayuan Zhu Lin written by the Tang people. In the book "The Whole Story of Feeling", it is said that the state-owned Visheri in India is the base camp of Vimo laymen. In the Tang Dynasty, Wang Xuance went to the Western Regions to measure his family property, and there were only 10,000, so the abbot's room was named "10,000".

This garden covers an area of only over 2,000 square meters, and it is really a small garden. Ding Shanbao takes it for granted. There is also a saying that Ding Shanbao is cautious and afraid of attracting the wind from trees, so he was named Xiao Yuan.

At that time, Ding Shanbao invited his literary friends Ju Juqi, Liu Zixiu and Yu Jingzhai to design together, and it took only eight months to build the garden. At that time, famous artists gathered, singing and laughing, and Wang Duanlin wrote the word "Qinyuanchun":

The gap between the three bows is elongated, and the child has been cut for a long time. There are half an acre of square ponds, mirror lakes, ten-mile peaks, wonderful walls of Cui Wei, cloud pavilions, clear springs and wild grasses. Xiao was very idle, but he saw that the mountains were enough and the five mountains were back.

Bai Yongxiu of Pingdu wrote in Wan Yuan Ming: "There is a breeze in the west of the water pavilion beside Chilan Bridge. Lotus leaves dye clothes and make people mistakenly think of Tiegong Temple. "

Wanyuan Garden is a part of the whole Dingshan Baozhai building community, with a building area of 10400 square meters and more than 200 ancient buildings, among which there are as many as 34 large and small buildings in Wanyuan Garden alone.

Shikuan Garden is rectangular in plane and consists of three axes of ancient buildings: China, West and East. The central axis building and its courtyard are the main parts of the garden.

The east side of the entrance serves as the front yard, and the main hall is ten thatched cottages. The building is a three-bay, seven-purlin building with no cloister, a hard top and a Ming-style carved door. On the door, the words "countless green hills worship thatched cottages" inscribed by Chen Jieqi, an epitaph of the Qing Dynasty, are hung. Rock flowers are scattered in front of the hall, lotus fragrance overflows in the pool, and blue waves ripple.

The Zhao Si Pavilion is meant to be sunny. The pavilion is large and square, with six purlins resting on the top of the mountain, surrounded by bench railings. The pavilion is surrounded by water rings, full of poetry and painting, and there is a curved bridge connected to the cloister in the west.

Inside the pavilion, there is a horizontal plaque inscribed by Cao Hongxun, the champion of the Qing Dynasty, and there is a pottery seal outside the pavilion, which is the handwriting of Gui Fu, a calligrapher of the Qing Dynasty. The couplet on the pavilion column reads: "The breeze and bright moon are priceless, and there is love near the water and distant mountains." Hanging couplets in front of the pavilion: "Look at the clouds and shame the birds, and swim in the water."

Step into the heart of the pool along the cloister curved bridge, and look around, the pool is full of lotus flowers and the scenery is pleasant. The stone tables and benches in the pavilion were the places where the garden owners loitered and recited poems. You can sit around the bridge fence and enjoy the panoramic view of the lotus flowers in the pool and rockery. Where the curved bridge meets the cloister, there is also a couplet that reads: "I never tire of it, that is, I never tire of it."

There is a stone carving of "flying a kite and jumping fish" on the hexagonal gate in the north of the pavilion. It was originally made by Han Yu in the Tang Dynasty and was a self-encouragement work for the Lingshu of Zhenguan Yangshan.

The font is flying tactfully, permeating Changhong, with the brushwork meaning of Cao Zhuan, and the arrangement is just right. It is a rare treasure with both form and spirit and wonderful meaning, casting Cao Zhuan in one furnace and embodying feelings in the book.

The stone carvings in the garden were vividly copied by the painter Zhai in the middle of Qing Dynasty.

There is a boat-shaped building in the northeast corner of the pavilion, named "as steady as a boat", and the pavilion is like a boat, hence the name. This pavilion is ingeniously built with a 6-purlin roof. It looks like a ship, just like breaking down in the water, and it can break down and untie at any time, which makes people think.

At the north gate of the boat-shaped pavilion, there is a couplet saying, "There are many poems in the mountain pavilion, and the water pavilion is picturesque."

The pool faces a half-wall rockery in the east, with a height of10m, a length of 30m from north to south and a width of15m from east to west. It was built with Taihu Stone as the gable of the courtyard on the east axis.

Climbing step by step, the mountain road is rugged and the road turns with the peak, which is magnificent. There are ponds, caves, waterfalls and mountain gates, and there are conifers and cypresses on the mountains, which are evergreen all the year round and will not wither in winter.

Weixiu Pavilion was built on the top of a fake mountain, which was taken from the Preface to Drunk Pavilion written by Ouyang Xiu in the Song Dynasty. It was named after the words "Wei" and "Xiu" in Langya.

There is a Luohan stone carving painted by Jin Nong, one of the eight eccentrics in Yangzhou, with graceful posture and novel attainments. There is a lonely pine tree next to it, soaring into the sky. A couplet says, "Xiaoting Mountain is the highest, and there are many sunsets to watch alone."

There is a sunset pavilion at the southern end of the mountain, which is a four-purlin shed structure. Zheng Banqiao's hand-carved stone "Three Paintings", "Tian Youyan" and "Painting Bamboo" are embedded in the pavilion, and the hanging "Chatting to avoid the wind and rain" is inscribed by Zheng Banqiao.

Down the mountain path, paved with pebbles, located at the foot of the corner of the rockery in the southeast of the lotus pond, there is a small pavilion building with a hexagonal pyramid roof called "Yilan Pavilion". This pavilion is small and unique, sitting on the sill of the pavilion, looking up at the fountain, with thousands of silver beads, one after another. Looking down at the fish, erratic.

The ripples in the pool are "escape" and the clouds in the mountains are "blue", hence the name. Fu Bi, a famous minister in Song Dynasty, used this name in his garden pavilion. Yilan Pavilion echoes Weixiu Pavilion on the mountain.

Compared with Yilan Pavilion, Xiaocanglang Pavilion is a pyramid roof with four corners, covered with thatched pavilions, and its four pillars are primitive pine buildings, which is more elegant, simple and interesting. Canglang, from Li Lou in Mencius;

The water in the rough waves is clear, so I can take my tassel with me.

The turbid water in the rough waves can be used to drown my feet.

There is a big stone beside the pool under the pavilion, which can be used to stand on its feet.

Su Shunqin, a poet in Song Dynasty, once built Canglang Pavilion in Suzhou, which is a famous garden. Xiao Canglang was named by the owner of Suzhou Humble Administrator's Garden through Canglang Pavilion. Because of its small scale, it was named "Xiao Canglang". There are stone tables and benches in the pavilion, so you can drink tea to enjoy the cool and wash.

There is a cloister on the west side of the pool, which skillfully separates the west axis from the central axis, which plays a role in rationally arranging the landscape and increasing the ornamental buildings. The gallery is carved with teeth, with railings between the columns, and the walls of the gallery are inlaid with five stone carvings by Zheng Banqiao and Cynthia.

Wan Garden, written by Ding Shanbao and Hanlin Ding Lianggan at the southernmost point, describes the situation and intention of building the garden and is the best historical data of Wan Garden. At the northernmost point is Wan Yuan written by Zhang and Cao Hongxun.

Out of the cloister to the north, the second-floor building on the west side of the courtyard is Chunyu Building. This building is a three-bay, seven-purlin-style building. The gate surrounds the mansion and corridor, supplemented by stool railings, and it is named "Spring Rain Building". It is based on the famous sentence in the poem "The First Night of Spring Rain in Lin 'an" written by Lu You, a poet in the Song Dynasty, "The small building listens to the spring rain all night, and the deep alley sells apricot flowers."

Although it was built in the Qing Dynasty, it also has the architectural characteristics of the Song Dynasty. Climbing upstairs in rainy days, the window is elegant.

The north building in the courtyard is the main building of Shikuan Garden, which was built in the Ming Dynasty and named "Xiang Yan Building". Its structure is two floors, with two bays, five purlins and a hard roof. There are platforms in front of the building, with round windows and square platforms, which are antique. There is a front porch outside the upstairs doors and windows, which is protected by railings.

Xiang Yan Building is the original owner's library and reading place. Its name is borrowed from the sentence "The gauze curtain warms the ink in the daytime, and the light retting makes the foam disperse and the musk heavy" in the Song of Blue and White Purple Stone by the Tang poet Li He. In other words, the study during the day is warm as spring, the ink has patterns, and the ink exudes a loose musk smell, hence the name.

Standing upstairs, looking around, "rockeries, waterfalls and flowing springs, lotus ponds and lotus fields on the cliff" have a panoramic view of the top ten water parks. As the poem says:

The spring rain building is drunk, and the inkstone smells ten times.

The bridge crosses Sizhao Pavilion, and the waves are small.

On the west axis, a row of west wing rooms are ***8 rooms, and their courtyards are called "gardens in gardens". From south to north, the first is a quiet mountain house, which means quiet, elegant and clean. It's a more advanced wing.

Autumn Sound Hall is named after Ouyang Xiu's Ode to Autumn Sound. It is the place where guests stay, and there is a stool railing in front of Baoxia.

In the north hall of the West Garden, there is a library called "Willow in my cabin". Liu Shenxu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote in his poem Queti: "Close the door of the mountain road and the willows around my thatched cottage."

So borrowing it as the name of the bookstore shows that his interest lies in reading and he is not good at communication. He happened to be studying in the hall of Liu Yin. In the Qing Dynasty, He Guoyu, He Rihao and Qian all took this as their scientific name.

After crossing the willows around my hut, you enter the small courtyard. The north hall is Songfeng Bookstore, which is the main study in the garden. The carved beams and painted buildings in the hall shine brightly. The backyard of this hall is the west wing, and the north hall is called Anxue. Kang Youwei changed it into a "small book nest" after visiting Shishui Garden.