What do open-loop and closed-loop systems mean?

Open-loop system means that the influence of internal feedback signal is not considered in the process of system operation. Usually, the open-loop system will be disturbed or disturbed, which will cause the system output to be inconsistent with the expected output. Open-loop systems are common in some simple automatic control systems, such as washing machines and coffee machines. The advantages of open-loop system are simple structure, easy maintenance and low control cost.

The closed-loop system is different from the open-loop system. It can monitor and feedback the output of the system and automatically adjust the input of the system to achieve the desired output. Generally, a closed-loop system includes a sensor, a control circuit, an actuator and a feedback path. In most cases, the closed-loop system has the advantages of fast response, high stability and high precision. Closed-loop systems are widely used in practical application scenarios, such as autonomous driving and smart home.

In practical applications, open-loop and closed-loop systems often need to be considered comprehensively. Open-loop system works well in dealing with some simple scenarios, while closed-loop system is suitable for complex application scenarios. When some applications need high precision, open-loop and closed-loop control strategies can be adopted. For example, autonomous driving needs to accurately identify and judge different road conditions, and at the same time, it must ensure the safety and stability of vehicle control. In this case, the combination of open-loop and closed-loop systems can better meet the actual needs.