History of Melbourne

Melbourne is the second largest city in Australia, the capital of Victoria, with the reputation of "Garden State" and an important industrial town in Australia. Melbourne is famous for its greening, fashion, food, entertainment, culture and sports activities. Melbourne's green coverage rate is as high as 40%. Victorian architecture, trams, various theaters, galleries, museums, tree-lined gardens and streets constitute Melbourne's elegant style.

Melbourne is a city full of vitality and joy. Although it is not as gorgeous as Sydney, the largest city, it is not as quiet as other small cities in Australia. From the diversity of culture and art to the beauty of nature, Melbourne can be said to be the highest in Australia in satisfying sensory entertainment, with its own characteristics in art, culture, entertainment, food, shopping and commerce. Melbourne has successfully integrated humanity and nature, and has been selected as "the most livable city in the world" by the Washington-based Population Action International for many years.

Melbourne, located in the southeast of Australia, is a port city with mild climate. In summer, people like to go to the seaside to play. Throughout the year, the highest temperature during the day in summer can reach nearly 40 degrees Celsius, and the temperature difference between day and night in Melbourne is quite large. In summer, even if the temperature reaches more than 30 degrees during the day, the temperature will drop to about 12 degrees at night. It is not too cold in winter. In winter, the daytime temperature is generally above 10 degrees Celsius, and it doesn't snow in winter. But there are many mountains around Melbourne, and there is snow on the cold mountains in winter, so the mountains near Melbourne are good places to ski in winter.

Melbourne now has a population of about 3.4 million (200 1 the result of Australian census is more than 3.24 million), and it is a city inhabited by immigrants. Most new immigrants to Australia have gone to Melbourne and Sydney. Now (data in 2006), about 10 million new immigrants arrive in Australia every year, and about one third of them settle in Melbourne. Immigrants started a new life in Melbourne, but they also brought their own national traditions and habits. One third of Melbourne's residents are immigrants from outside Australia, and as many as 70 languages are spoken in Melbourne. Besides English, I can speak Greek, Italian, French, Spanish, Chinese, Vietnamese, Lebanese and Korean. Different ethnic groups live together and have different styles in living habits, festivals, restaurants, etc., which brings rich multicultural interest to Melbourne.

Historical investigation

Before 1835, Melbourne was basically uninhabited. 1840 The population of Melbourne is 1 10,000. 185 1 year, a gold mine was discovered in Melbourne, and a large number of people from all over the world came to Melbourne for gold, including a large number of China workers. Due to the gold rush, the population of Melbourne grew rapidly. The population of 185 1 year was 29,000, and by 1854, it had reached123,000, which eclipsed San Francisco, USA, which is extremely rich in gold, so Melbourne was also called the New Golden Mountain.

Melbourne is an important industrial town in Australia, where there are heavy machinery, textiles, paper making, electronics, chemicals, metalworking, automobiles, clothing, food and other industries. Is booming and highly modernized. Commerce, finance and transportation are very developed. Melbourne also has a modern busy port, Melbourne Port.

Melbourne was once the capital of Australia (1901–1927), and Australia moved its capital to Canberra in1927.

Melbourne is a prosperous city in the southern hemisphere, which is more prosperous than Sydney, the largest city in Australia at present. As early as 1956, Melbourne hosted the16th Summer Olympic Games, which was held in the southern hemisphere for the first time.

Scenic spots/tourist attractions

Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne

Royal Melbourne Botanical Garden, built at 1845, is located about five kilometers south of Melbourne. Garden decoration19th century garden art, containing a large number of rare plants and Australian endemic plants. The Botanical Garden covers an area of 40 hectares and still retains some buildings and features of the last century, with more than 30,000 kinds of exotic flowers and herbs. It is one of the best designed botanical gardens in the world.

Chinatown (China City)

Chinatown is on Little Burke Street. There are many restaurants in China, all of which are China signs and full of oriental flavor. It is the earliest gathering place in China.

Ananda samadhi temple

Built in 1856, it is the current legislative assembly of Victoria Province, with exquisite architecture and unique style. Because the old parliament building is located on the same street not far from the Melbourne Marriage Registry, newlyweds and wedding guests often take pictures here as souvenirs.

Comovo (Comovo)

Como Ave, located in South Asia, was the home of a wealthy businessman during the colonial period. The main building is a two-story old house, occupying half the street. The descendants of the wealthy businessman sold the property to the Australian National Heritage Fund, and this mansion became a tourist attraction open to the public.

Financial Street

Collins Street is called Financial Street because many banks in Australia are headquartered in this street.

urban communications

Melbourne is a developed city with many high-rise buildings and modern equipment. Public transportation is very convenient, with trains, trams and cars.

The central street in Melbourne is Spencer Street to the west, flinders Street along the Yalu River to the south, Spring Street lined with magnificent buildings such as the State House and Financial Building to the east, and Victoria Street to the north, forming a square of about 2 kilometers. The chessboard city surrounded by these four streets is the city appearance of Melbourne's main streets.

The main means of transportation in Melbourne is the city train, which is different from the subway. Most of them walk on the ground, only underground in downtown areas. The trains here run through the main traffic arteries and the main population living areas. Because Melbourne is a busy business center, many people take the train when they go to work because they can't park their private cars. At the same time, it is also the main means of transportation to transport students to school. The price of Melbourne bus tickets is divided by region and time, and tickets are common in trains, trams and buses. Tickets can be purchased at automatic ticket vending machines in various stations, and are usually divided into two-hour tickets (you can take any number of trains, trams and buses in the area within two hours), all-day tickets, weekly tickets, monthly tickets and annual tickets. The longer you buy it, the better the price. Fares are not only related to time, but also to regional division. In Melbourne, the main city is divided into three areas. If you travel across regions, the ticket price will increase relatively.

Melbourne's buses are auxiliary means of transportation other than trains, which can reach areas that cannot be reached by trains, but the bus frequency is relatively small, usually 15 to 30 minutes.

Trams are one of the characteristics of Melbourne, which is the only city in Australia with trams. Melbourne's tram network extends in all directions and plays an important role as public transportation. The latest Melbourne trams can carry 140 passengers each. The Melbourne city government often appeals to the public to take more trams and reduce the use of private cars through publicity advertisements. In the center of Melbourne, there is a tram line around the city, which allows local citizens and tourists to ride for free, so that everyone can enjoy the city scenery of Melbourne. Its walking route surrounds the periphery of the city center, passing through many tourist attractions along the way, including Victoria Market, Melbourne Parliament Building, Crown Casino, Royal Exhibition Hall, IMAX Cinema, Melbourne Old Prison and Melbourne Central.

Introduction of famous universities:

University of Melbourne

University of Melbourne, founded in 1853, is a non-profit organization that has made outstanding contributions to society in scientific research, teaching and knowledge transfer.

As an excellent academic institution, Melbourne University upholds academic value, honesty, openness and rigorous knowledge freedom in the tradition of keeping promises.

As an excellent research institution, the University of Melbourne aims to strengthen its core knowledge disciplines, open up new ideas for scientific understanding, and support unconventional research methods in important and innovative fields.

As an excellent teaching institution, the University of Melbourne aims to attract outstanding students from the widest background and provide excellent education.

As a non-profit organization, the University of Melbourne focuses on research, the purpose of students' learning and external intervention of public services, including research on pressing social issues, cultivating graduates' sense of responsibility, and promoting investigations and public debates based on evidence and reasons.

As an institution engaged in international affairs, the University of Melbourne, together with its overseas counterparts, faces global challenges of wisdom, originality and respect for human nature.

As a university with strong regional characteristics, the University of Melbourne reiterated its unique advantages. Its campus is still face-to-face, gathering scholars from all over the world, and the learning community has ever-changing technology. Outstanding scholars here lead students to open their minds and face the great unknown: a place where a new generation can determine the future value.

University of Melbourne must adapt to the changes of international standards and national policy environment, international rankings, new market conditions and the challenges of freshmen receiving higher education.

The future of this university will depend on its ability to carry out "triple helix" academic projects. University of Melbourne, as an institution, not only performs well in research, but also in applying ideas and knowledge to the work and life of students, staff and the public.

shopping guide

Melbourne is a good place to shop, and 80% of the textile and shoe manufacturers in Australia set up factories here. Clever shopping streets are mainly concentrated in the streets between Swanston Street and Elizabeth Street in the city center. When you go deep into it, you will not only marvel at all-encompassing goods, but also admire the gorgeous arched arcade.

Shopping in Melbourne is definitely a pleasure. The downtown business district is quite concentrated, and the main shopping areas can be reached within walking distance from the hotels in the city. The most lively is Burke Street, where many large department stores such as Mayer and david jones have branches.

The unique Collins Street is not only a financial street full of banks, but also a concentration of world-famous brands. If you want to buy something special, Australia on Collins Island is a good choice. Even if you wander around the alleys and shops around several centers at will, you will get unexpected gains. South Asia, not far from the city, is also a shopping paradise not to be missed. The main shopping areas here are Church Street and Tulak Road, selling high-end fashion, where you can enjoy shopping, exquisite window and street view. On the other hand, there are many exquisite shops in Bensfield Street in Fitzgerald district, offering handmade jewelry, artworks and sculptures.

Queen Victoria market

Located at the intersection of Elizabeth Street and Victoria Street, it is a famous traditional meat market, and there are also many dry goods stalls. There are noisy cries and lively bargains here. More than 65,438+0,000 stalls sell all kinds of meat, vegetables, fruits and daily necessities, from fresh meat to handicrafts, fashion accessories and antique gadgets.

Opening hours of Queen Victoria Market:

Tuesday 6: 00 a.m. to 2: 00 p.m.

Thursday 6: 00 a.m. to 2: 00 p.m.

Friday 6 a.m. to 6 p.m.

Saturday 6: 00 am-3:00 pm

Sunday 6: 00 am to 4: 00 pm

Victorian arts centre market.

Located at No.0/00, St. Kilda Road, it is the most famous art sales market. Cross the city and the Yarra River, and you can see the market. The market is characterized by diversified products. Traditional and modern pottery, hand-made photo frames, jewelry and hand-painted silk clothes can all be found here. The opening hours are from 9 am to 6 pm on Sunday.

Leisure and entertainment

Melbourne has always been regarded as an important cultural and artistic center in Australia. Visitors who come here must not miss all kinds of performances. Victorian arts centre offers many choices for world-class opera performances, the latest Broadway performances, ballet, drama or concerts. Don't miss it. Melbourne also has many nightclubs, live music performances and comedy performances.

Crown Casino

Crown Casino is not only the most luxurious and largest casino in Australia, but also the largest casino in the southern hemisphere. 1994 opened, located on the south bank of Yarra River. In order to lighten the color of gambling, the official name of the casino is Crown Entertainment Center, which includes a five-star Crown Hotel, a large conference center, health and beauty facilities, and a series of entertainment and leisure facilities, including a 24-hour casino with slot machines, shops of many famous brands, 14 cinema, many restaurants and bars, and a performance center that can accommodate 2,000 people.

Gourmet famous food

Victoria is an important producer of milk (cheese), wine, meat, fish, fruit and game in Australia. Due to its rich products and long-standing food culture, Melbourne naturally becomes a gourmet paradise. The best places to taste include St Kilda Road in South Asia, Ligong Street in Carlton (a famous Italian food district) and fitzroy. Don't forget to go to the south gate. There, you can enjoy delicious food while enjoying the scenery of Yarra River. Besides, China City, located in Little Burke Street, also has a variety of Chinese dishes.

At the south gate, diners can enjoy the scenery of Yarra River while eating. There are many kinds of China dishes to choose from in Melbourne Chinatown. Tram restaurants shuttle through the streets of Melbourne. Visitors can enjoy delicious food and famous Australian wines (all kinds of wines and beers), juice, coffee and milk in the buffet.

Tram restaurant

(Colonial Tramcar Restaurant) can provide an opportunity to enjoy food and wine while enjoying the street view by car. Hard Rock Cafe is located at the corner of Burke Street.

Every step forward, see a different perspective.

One of the most attractive places in Melbourne is to see penguins on Phillip Island, which has become one of the must-see spots for tourists to visit Melbourne, where you can see the smallest penguin in the world (adult penguins are about 30 cm tall); In addition, victorian arts centre, which condenses the essence of Australian traditional art, has become a symbol of Melbourne and should not be missed; If you want to experience the style of Melbourne gardens, the Royal Botanical Garden is also a good place to amaze many tourists.

The annual international sports events are held in Melbourne, such as the Australian Formula One racing around Albert Park, the Australian Open, one of the four international tennis championships in the world, and the Melbourne Cup, the number one international horse racing in Australia.

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List of attractions:

Princess Philip Island Theatre in fitzroy Park

Kings park Captain Cook Cabin Regent Theatre

Dayang Road, victorian arts centre Wildlife Park

St Patrick's Cathedral, Royal Botanical Garden, Fitzgerald Park