History of Jintang Canal

1. Who knows the history of the Jingtang Grand Canal? Are you sure it's Jingtang, not Jinghang? CPPCC member suggested building Jingtang River to Bohai Sea (with photos)-.

This is an "Oriental Seine River" designed by Liu Dehong, a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and former deputy director of the Maritime Safety Administration of the Ministry of Communications, in his proposal entitled "Digging Jingtang River and Building Beautiful Beijing", which runs from Tongzhou District of Beijing to Tanggu District of Tianjin. For this suggestion, Liu Dehong spent four years on-the-spot investigation in Tongzhou, Tanggu and other places to listen to the opinions of the local people.

In Liu Dehong's proposal, there are two schemes for the Jingtang Grand Canal. First, the original channel of the North Canal of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal between Beijing and Tianjin was rebuilt by using the old river channel, and it entered the sea in Tanggu along the Tongzhou North Canal via Tianjin Haihe River. The channel length is about120km. The advantage of this scheme is to save costs, and only need to dig deep to widen the river and transform some bridges.

Another plan is to start from Tongzhou, along the North Canal, and divert it at the intersection of the North Canal and the Yongding New River in Tianjin, and enter the sea from Tanggu via the northern part of Tianjin. In this scheme, the length of the river channel is slightly longer, about 140 km, but it is close to Tangshan, which provides convenient transportation for Shougang and other enterprises that will move here.

The picture on the right shows the road map of Jingtang Canal drawn by Commissioner Liu Dehong. Building Jingtang River has three advantages. According to Liu Dehong, the construction of the Jingtang Canal has at least three functions that cannot be ignored.

1. The distance between Beijing and Tianjin for water storage and flood discharge 120 kilometers, and the height difference is only over 40 meters. This gap can just be equipped with two or three water-saving locks suitable for ships with a load of 2,000 to 3,000 tons, so that the canal has water storage function. Another important function of Jingtang Canal is flood discharge.

Take Tongzhou District as an example. Most of the 654.38+2700 square meters of dilapidated houses in the old city are concentrated on the west side of the canal. Although the canal in Tongzhou has been partially rectified, the downstream sections of Hebei and Tianjin are still not smooth. In the rainy season, the accumulated water in low-lying areas can't be discharged, and the river often flows backwards during heavy rain. The opening of Jingtang Canal can dredge the river and meet the needs of flood discharge.

2. Relieve the pressure of land traffic With the continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic in Beijing-Tianjin-Tanggu, the Beijing-Tianjin-Tanggu Expressway has become very congested. If the Jingtang Canal is completed, the land traffic pressure can be effectively relieved due to the increase of ship transportation capacity.

Liu Dehong calculated an account for the reporter. According to the current standard of 200 meters wide and 3 meters deep in Tongzhou District, the canal can bear 2000 tons of cargo ships. A cargo ship with a load of 2000 tons is a very small device in the river.

If you rely on trucks, you need 100 vehicles, each with a load of 20 tons. Considering the distance between vehicles and other factors, we have to queue for two or three kilometers. It is understood that the first phase of the canal reconstruction project in Tongzhou District has been completed, and economic and social benefits have emerged.

3. Adjust the climate and beautify the environment. Canal has the function of regulating climate and beautifying the environment. Because the evaporation of river water can adjust the climate and increase the air humidity along the river.

Member Liu described to reporters a poetic picture after the completion of the canal: there are fish in the water, ducks, yachts and cargo ships cruising on the water, and willows on both sides of the canal are shaded. The biggest question is whether it is feasible to build a canal, which needs to consider three factors: technology, water source and capital.

Liu Dehong believes that the main difficulty is capital. I. Technical Construction Liu Dehong said that the geological and hydrological structure between Beijing and Tianjin meets the conditions for canal construction, and there are no technical problems in building the Jingtang Canal.

The ongoing canal reconstruction project in Tongzhou District will connect the rivers in Beijing and provide a favorable foundation for further deepening Tanggu. 2. The key to the feasibility of channel excavation lies in whether there is a stable water source.

According to the canal length of Beijing-Tianjin section 120 km, if the river is full of water, it only needs 72 million cubic meters. After investigation, Liu Dehong believes that Tongzhou area in Beijing-Tianjin section is rich in water resources, and five rivers are connected, so the water source of the canal is not a problem.

Urban wastewater can also be treated with reclaimed water and then injected into the canal. At present, the displacement in Beijing is about 65.438+0.6 billion cubic meters, and the flow of at least 700 meters per hour can be guaranteed by injecting 654.38+0/4 water into the canal. In addition, seawater can be injected between the last two gates downstream, and the water level can be maintained by pumping irrigation through windmills.

3. Capital Liu Dehong estimates that it will take at least 6 billion yuan to dig the canal, which is the biggest difficulty at present. Because the canal excavation involves Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, how to contribute capital needs tripartite consultation.

"This requires giving full play to the initiative of the central and local governments."

2. Historical value and culture of the Beijing-Hong Kong-Hangzhou Grand Canal The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is a great project created by the working people in ancient China, a precious material and spiritual wealth left by our ancestors, and an important living and flowing human heritage. The Grand Canal originated in the Spring and Autumn Period, formed in the Sui Dynasty, developed in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and finally became the main waterway connecting the five major water systems of Haihe River, Yellow River, Huaihe River, Yangtze River and Qiantang River in the Yuan Dynasty. In the historical process of more than two thousand years, the Grand Canal has made great contributions to China's economic development, national unity, social progress and cultural prosperity, and it is still playing a great role. The Grand Canal shows China's outstanding achievements in leading the world in ancient water conservancy and shipping engineering technology, leaving a rich historical and cultural heritage, giving birth to a series of famous cities and towns like bright pearls, and accumulating a profound and long-standing cultural heritage. It embodies great information in China's political, economic, cultural and social fields. The Grand Canal and the Great Wall are symbols of the cultural identity of the Chinese nation. Protecting the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is of great significance for inheriting human civilization and promoting the harmonious development of society.

I want to write an explanatory composition in detail about the information of Tangshan Fengnan Canal Chinatown Bridge. Canal Chinatown, as a cultural and tourist commercial street integrating brand catering, shopping and leisure, antique calligraphy and painting and sightseeing, is like a pearl embedded in the scenic spot.

It is located on the south side of Huifeng Lake in Fengnan District of Tangshan City, on both sides of Jintang Canal, with a total length of nearly 1 1,000 m.. Canal Chinatown is an antique building in Ming and Qing dynasties, mainly with one or two floors. It is planned to build four groups and 70 shops, with a total construction area of 30,500 square meters, including 4 large buildings over 2,000 square meters, 5 medium-sized buildings of 750 square meters, 4 quadrangle buildings of 650 square meters, 56 small buildings of different architectural forms, and theater 1600 square meters.

Canal Chinatown is located in the center of Jintang eco-tourism belt in Fengnan District. Jintang Canal is 25 kilometers long in Fengnan, and both sides of it are ecological landscapes. Upon completion, it will be a national 4A-level eco-tourism resort, attracting people from all over the country and gathering popularity, and turning the whole Chinatown into a large-scale original ecological retro commercial street focusing on leisure, entertainment and shopping. Canal Chinatown Jintang Canal is divided into three scenic spots.

The first scenic spot is located in the core area of Fengnan New Town, including Huifeng Lake Park, Canal Chinatown and a large theme park. The first scenic spot, Huifeng Lake Park Landscape Belt, is located on the north side of Canal Chinatown.

The HSBC Lake Park project includes four scenic spots. First and foremost, the most beautiful and exquisite Huifeng Lake is located on the north side of Chinatown.

The total width of the lake is 800 mu, and there is a 200-meter-long musical fountain in the center. The highest water column in the center can reach 100 meter. Next to Huifeng Lake is the Civic Square, which provides people with a place for leisure and entertainment.

Every night, 2,000 to 3,000 people come to relax and enjoy the fountain. The fountain has a unique shape, with 1 1 exquisite water types. With the ups and downs of music, the whole square, lake and fountain are integrated. This fountain uses fountain, lamp, laser, projection and other design elements, and can spray 1 1 water types, which can attract many people's attention and never tire of seeing them.

The investment of this part of the project is nearly 1. 1 100 million yuan, and the scenery along the river is particularly beautiful. Citizen Square project, just on the Hubei side of HSBC, covers an area of 30,000 square meters.

The investment of 90 million yuan has been completed. The square is spacious and can gather a large number of people.

Another attraction is the People's Park project, which is located on the east side of the Canal Chinatown, connected with the Qinglong River system and the Coal River system, with a total investment of 65.438+0.20 billion yuan and an area of 654.38+0.680 mu, with a huge scale. The last scenic spot is Zhaofengshan project, which is located on the north side of the administrative center and is 25.8 meters high. There is a hexagonal landscape pavilion on the top of the mountain, which has been completed and put into use.

Jintang Canal Landscape Belt is composed of Huifeng Lake, Citizen Square, People's Park and Zhaofeng Mountain, which runs through the whole region. Another pearl is the largest theme amusement park in China.

Located in the northwest of Canal Chinatown, adjacent to Canal Chinatown, it covers an area of about 1 1,000 mu, including: children's paradise, happy world, future world, crazy world, five major entertainments in the Caribbean, experience, adventure and * * *. The whole project is a happy ocean. The project specially employs Korean experts for planning and design, and the planned annual tourist volume of the Canal Chinatown will reach more than 500,000. The entrances and exits of amusement parks are all built around Chinatown, which, together with Chinatown and high-grade commercial streets, constitutes another scenic spot in the ecological landscape belt of Jintang Canal.

South of Chinatown are the second and third scenic spots of Jintang Canal Eco-tourism Scenic Area. Hexi covers an area of 2,000 mu, with fishing gardens, eco-agricultural areas, leisure clubs and resorts, rowing bases, racetracks and agricultural sightseeing parks.

On the east side of the river is the third scenic spot, which is dominated by Wang Yao Temple, with rich history and culture, and equipped with projects such as Herbal Garden Health Pavilion. These three scenic spots together constitute the influential Jintang Canal ecological holiday landscape belt. Canal Chinatown is in the center of this landscape belt and the center of Fengnan New Town.

Fengnan District * * * and Tangshan City * * * * have built four centers in Fengnan District (administrative center, cultural and educational center, high-grade commercial center and boutique residential center). On the Hubei side of Huifeng is * * *, along the northeast of the canal to the university town, and there are a number of colleges and universities such as the College of Coal Doctors and Technicians. Opposite the university town is the new site of Tangshan Gymnasium, Tangshan Olympic Sports Center. The largest gymnasium can accommodate 50,000 people and hold large-scale sports meetings and cultural performances. 20 16 The opening and closing ceremonies of the World Horticultural Exposition will be held here. Canal Chinatown relies on river water resources and ecological landscape on both sides of Jintang River.

Create antique architectural styles in Ming and Qing dynasties, and make the magnificent potential of northern gardens colorful. A prosperous scene of the modern Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is slowly unfolding on both sides of Jintang Canal. On the east bank of the canal is a 20-hectare high-grade villa area, which shows the nobility and elegance of life.

Edit the development prospect of Canal Chinatown in this section Canal Chinatown has become an important node supporting the development of Jintang Canal's 25-kilometer eco-tourism resort, adjacent to a large-scale entertainment theme park covering an area of nearly 1,000 mu with an investment of 2 billion yuan and a top-level villa area of "Tangshu 1No." covering an area of more than 300 mu with an investment of 65.438+0.5 billion yuan, showing the North American style. After 20 11June1is officially put into use, Canal Chinatown will attract tourists from all over the country and even the world for sightseeing experience with its characteristics of folk commercial street and cultural industry.

The main activity of editing this paragraph is to "taste the folk customs of Jidong and appreciate the customs of the canal". The Grand Lantern Festival in Canal Chinatown will be held from April 29th to May 12 on both sides of Canal Chinatown in Fengnan District, south of Chinatown and Jintang Canal. As an important part of the Canal Chinatown Folk Culture Tourism Art Festival in Fengnan District, the exhibition area is 3.8 kilometers long and divided into six sections, 106 lighting group.

At present, all the work is being carried out in an orderly manner. The picture shows the preparation site for the large-scale lantern tour in Fengnan.

Edit this section of landscape engineering. Jintang Canal Regulation Project starts from Huifeng Lake in the north and ends at Dongtianzhuang in the south. With the theme of "canal folk customs show history, sports show vitality, and ecological leisure returns to nature", we plan to build cultural street landscape bridge, rubber dam (including ship lock), hub pumping station, canal folk business district, sports leisure area and ecological leisure experience area, and strive to build a first-class scenic tourist area in China. According to the plan, the renovation project will build the Jintang Canal Control Gate Hub in the south section of Fengnan Xicheng District of Jintang Canal.

4. Briefly describe the historical role of the Grand Canal in the Sui Dynasty. The Grand Canal of Sui Dynasty, its position and function: The Sui Canal, with Luo as the center, starts in the north and reaches Yuhang in the south, with a total length of more than 2,000 kilometers. It is divided into four sections: Yongji Canal, Tongji Canal, Shanyang River and Jiangnan River. This is one of the most magnificent projects in the world. (Pi, author of Bian River Inscription). "Looking back on the past by the Bian River" (Pi Rixiu) said: "The road is long, and it is a river in Xiu Yuan." The Grand Canal, like the Great Wall, enjoys a high reputation in the world. It embodies the intelligence and creativity of the working people in ancient China. The opening of the canal promoted the development of the city, and Jiangdu, Yuhang and Zhuojun flourished rapidly. It has safeguarded national unity and promoted centralization and stability.

5. The history of Zhangwei Canal The Zhangweinan Canal is an important part of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and belongs to one of the five major water systems in the Haihe River Basin. It consists of Zhanghe River, Weihe River, Weihe Canal, Zhangwei River New Canal and South Canal. It flows through Shanxi, Henan, Hebei, Shandong and Tianjin and flows into the Bohai Sea, with a drainage area of 37,700 square kilometers. [1] The Zhangweinan Canal embodies the diligence, wisdom and strength of the ancient Han working people.

Zhangweinan Canal is an important part of the world-famous Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, which has played an important role in promoting economic and cultural exchanges and development between the north and the south of China in a long historical period. At the same time, it is also a river with serious flooding, almost "every year" and has been a disaster for a long time. After the founding of New China, the Party and * * * attached great importance to the management of Zhangweinan Canal. Since 1957, the relevant departments have formulated river basin planning and management measures for many times, and successively built reservoirs and control hub projects in the water system to control key flood channels such as Zhanghe River, Weihe River, Wei Yun Canal and Zhang Weixin River. After the establishment of Zhangweinan Canal Administration, the unified management of Zhangweinan Canal was realized. After more than 40 years' efforts, the Zhangweinan Canal has initially formed a flood control engineering system with simultaneous storage and discharge and "going into the sea alone" [1].

6. History and Development of the Ancient Canal This ancient canal connects the Yangtze River and Huaihe River. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Fu Cha, the king of Wu, excavated from 486 BC to 484 BC. It starts from the Yangtze River south of Hancheng (now Yangzhou) in the south, turns to the northeast through Liangfan Lake (now near Gaoyou) in the north, enters Sheyang Lake, and then enters the Huaihe River in the northwest through Huai 'an.

During the Eastern Han Dynasty, it diverted to the west and went straight from Liangfan Lake to the north, passing through Jinhu Lake and Baima Lake, and entering the Huaihe River to the north. During the Yonghe period of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the canal could not be introduced into the southern section of the river, and water was diverted from Yizheng.

In the first year of the Great Cause of Sui Dynasty (605), Yang Di dug the Tongji Canal as well as the Han Canal, which went from Yangshan No.1 to Jiangdu, entered the Yangtze River and connected the Yangtze River and Huaihe River, and became an important part of the Grand Canal in Sui Dynasty.

After the opening of Huitong River and Tonghui River in Yuan Dynasty, the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal was built. Large-scale repairs were carried out in the Ming Dynasty, and a perfect water transport management system was established. In the past 600 years, the canal has become a truly important north-south traffic artery on 7A643133343135632.

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Water transport has always been the most important material basis for maintaining the central government in past dynasties. Especially after the ancient economic center of gravity moved south, the political and military center of gravity was separated from the economic center of gravity.

The political and military significance of grain transportation for each dynasty is more prominent. Year after year, the imperial court carried out the transportation of grain from the south to the north, and almost all residents in Beijing had daily food supplies, which greatly supported the normal operation of the whole central organ.

At the same time, grain transportation became an important material force to support the military system of the dynasty. Many of the huge local garrisons conquered by the four sides in the past dynasties, the defense and attack on the long border and various wars were backed by grain transportation.

The excavation of the Grand Canal has strengthened the traffic and exchanges between the north and the south, consolidated the central government's rule over the whole country, strengthened the economic construction in the south of the Yangtze River, promoted the integration of Central Plains culture and southern culture, and facilitated the transportation of grain from the south to the north.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-Beijing-Hangzhou grand canal

7. The history of the Suez Canal may be as far back as the 12 dynasty in Egypt. Pharaoh Cesar Nusret III (whose name is the origin of the word "Suez") ordered the excavation of an "East-West" canal, connecting the Red Sea and the Nile River through land gondolas for direct trade. Some evidences show that this canal existed at least until Ramses II in the 3rd century BC/KLOC-0, and then it was abandoned.

According to the history of Herodotus written by the Greek historian Herodotus, around 600 BC, Necho II began its re-excavation work, but it was not completed.

Around 250 BC, Ptolemy II recovered the Suez Canal. In the next thousand years, it was continuously improved, destroyed and rebuilt, until it was finally abandoned by al-Mansur, the caliph of Abbasid Dynasty of the * * * Empire in the 8th century.

Subsequently, the Suez Canal was excavated and opened intermittently, and it was opened twice for a long time during the Roman period of 1 17 BC and the Umar Ibn Al-Khattab period of 640 AD. /kloc-At the end of 0/8, when Napoléon Bonaparte occupied Egypt, it planned to build a canal to connect the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. However, the French misjudged that the sea level of the Red Sea was higher than that of the Mediterranean Sea, which meant that it was impossible to build a canal without a lock. Then Napoleon gave up his plan and left Egypt in a confrontation with the British army.

After Napoleon's defeat, France rebuilt the second colonial empire of France. Because the American colonies lost to Britain, France focused on developing eastward, and it was even more significant for France to open the Suez Canal. 1854 and 1856, the French consul in Egypt, Ferdinand Marie de Lesseb (1805- 1894), was chartered by the Governor of the Ottoman Empire, Said Pasha. Pasha authorized Rezeb to set up a company to build a shipping canal open to ships from all countries according to the plan formulated by Australian engineer Alois Negrelli. By leasing the relevant land, the company can operate the canal for 99 years from the beginning of navigation.

1858 12 15, Suez shipping group of France was established. It took nearly 1 1 year to force poor Egyptians to cross the desert to dig canals, and some coolies even whipped them. The project has overcome many technical, political and financial problems. The final cost is as high as 6.5438+0.86 million, which is more than twice the original budget.

The canal was opened to traffic on1869165438+10/7, which was designated as the canal navigation anniversary. 1875, foreign debt forced Pasha (said to be the successor of Pasha) to sell the shares of the canal to Britain. 1882, British cavalry entered the canal. 1888, the Constantinople congress declared the canal a neutral zone under the protection of the British Empire, stipulating that the canal was open to ships from all countries in peacetime and wartime. In addition, the convention also stipulates that there shall be no hostile actions in the waters of the canal and no fortifications shall be built along its coast. 1936, Britain and Egypt signed the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty, and Britain insisted on retaining control of the Suez Canal.

194 1 February, Rommel, commander of the German Expeditionary Force in North Africa, attacked Egypt and seized the Suez Canal. And tried to throw bombs at the Suez Canal. Jasper Musklin, a famous British magician, became a British army lieutenant as a special soldier. He presided over the use of searchlights and tin reflectors to cause light curtains to interfere with the night vision of German pilots, supplemented by anti-aircraft fire during the day, which greatly reduced the bombing accuracy and protected the Suez Canal.

195 1 year, Egypt overthrew the 1936 anglo-Egyptian treaty, and the new * * * demanded that Britain withdraw its troops. 1954 Britain agreed to give up. 1June, 956, the last batch of British troops left Egypt.

1956 On July 26th, Egyptian President gamal abdel nasser announced the nationalization of the Suez Canal.

1956, 10 year129 October, the week-long Suez Canal War (also known as the Second Middle East War) broke out. The canal was closed due to the war damage and the shipwreck, and it was not cleared until April 1957 with the assistance of the United Nations.

1967, the Six-Day War broke out and the canal was forced to close again. Meanwhile, in the Yom Kippur War of 1973, the canal became the place where the Egyptian army crossed into the Israeli-controlled area of Sinai Peninsula, and then the Israeli army crossed the canal westward. Since 1974, United Nations peacekeeping forces have been stationed in Sinai Peninsula.

On June 5th, 1975, the Suez Canal resumed navigation.

Please tell me the history of the South Canal in Jinghai County, Tianjin and the origin of the name of Jiuxuanzha (Emergency) South Canal.

This morning, the "Grand Canal Pursuit" interview group arrived in Jinghai County, Tianjin, looking for traces of the Grand Canal here.

At that time, the river was drunk when it was lifted.

On the Canal Bridge in Liu Du Town, the reporter saw that the whole river had completely dried up. Occasionally, local people will come and go on the shore. An old man surnamed Du said: "This river was once the lifeblood of Jinghai County, and this was the most prosperous place at the beginning. At that time, "look at the grain in the east, look at the house in the west, and look at the clothes on both sides of the canal" was talking about this river. Now that the river is dry, many memories are slowly being erased. People of our age grew up from the canal. At that time, the water was not sweet, so they could drink it when they held it. "

The earliest South Canal was dug by Cao Cao.

According to Wang, director of the County Records Office of Jinghai County, the South Canal is a section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, with a total length of 48,438+0 kilometers in Jinghai County, starting from Liangguantun in the south, reaching the Town Eleven Fort in the north and running through the north and south. It first began in the eleventh year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The Pinglu Canal excavated by Cao Cao was probably from Qingxian to Liu Du at that time, and then Yang Di connected the canals to form the Grand Canal. 1958 The Yellow River diverted to Tianjin, which became the channel for the north of the Yellow River to move, and also the only way for the Yellow River to transfer water.

The person in charge of Jinghai County Water Conservancy Bureau told the reporter that this section of the South Canal only has more water when the Yellow River is diverted into Tianjin, which is mainly used for flood discharge. The earliest county seat of Jinghai County is on the edge of the canal, which has grown from the earliest square kilometers to more than 20 square kilometers. At that time, both sides of the canal were very busy. The larger towns in Jinghai, such as Tangguantun and Liu Du, are all near the Canal.

Relics and cultural relics show historical accumulation.

There are many relics and cultural relics in this area. 1978, in the west of Yuanmengkou Village, which is away from Canal 10, a sunken ship of the Song Dynasty was found 4 meters underwater. Captain14.62m, head width 2.56m, tail width 3.15m, middle width 3.9m and depth1.25m.. There are ropes and Kaiyuan Bao Tong on board, and the model of the sunken ship is still preserved in the Niangniang Palace in the urban area. In recent years, another ancient sunken ship buried there has been discovered. On the canal side of Xidiaotai Village, there is a fishing spot in Jiang Taigong. There are many cultural relics on both sides of the canal in Jinghai County, and the local * * * is planning to develop the canal culture.