What were the residential properties of Shanghai writers and Wen Qing in the past?

Now everyone is feeling that Shanghai housing prices are too expensive, but in fact, Shanghai housing prices have always been very expensive! Here, let's review the housing and real estate situation of Shanghai writers and literary youth who came to make a living in the past. (Note: Except for historical pictures, this article was shot by the author on the spot. )

The residential property situation in Shanghai in the 1920s and 1930s can be roughly divided into: concession, old city and suburb. At that time, most writers or young intellectuals in Shanghai lived in the concession. This is because there are many old houses in the old city and the environment is poor. Although the housing in the suburbs is cheap, the traffic is extremely imperfect. The public facilities and comprehensive environment in the concession are good, which is the fastest growing area in the economy, and most of the cultural media are in the concession. Of course, there is another reason, such as involving? Political theory? When concessions are relatively more? Is it safe? .

Speaking of. Concession? Here is a little explanation: the concession appeared in Shanghai after 10, and the earliest was the British concession. 1862, the British, American and French concessions in Shanghai merged into a public concession, but the French concession soon withdrew from the merger. At this point, Shanghai concession has been divided into public concession and French concession, but Shanghai has never been called? Japanese concession? But there are residential areas where Japanese expatriates are concentrated. After the victory of World War II, the National Government cancelled all? Foreign concession? .

Before the Anti-Japanese War, the then municipal government made a survey on the living conditions in the concession: in the concession, the proportion of families with more than five members, including families with more than nine members, living in one house was 39.2%. Seven of them live in 6.9 1%, and more than nine live in 1. 15%.

This shows that although the housing is crowded, the "72 tenants" in the farce is an artistic exaggeration in literary works. Because in Shanghai that year, the proportion of one to three households living alone or sharing was 40.6%, which was the mainstream. In those days, the area of the house was very small and there were few rooms.

So, what is the situation of 40.6% here? Here, we take Huaihaifang, a high-end property of that year, as an example. Huaihai Fang, built in the Republic of China 13 (1924), was invested by the church. Xia Feifang? . This workshop has 199 three-story brick-wood structure. At that time, there were about 2000 residents, with an average of about 10 in each building.

Because of the good planning and the surrounding urban commercial and cultural atmosphere, businessmen, military and political dignitaries and people in the literary and art circles all choose this place as their residence, such as scientist Zhu Kezhen, educator Xia Gaizun, movie celebrity butterfly, writer Ye Shengtao and painter Xu Beihong.

In the early 1930s, this three-story building rented 82 yuan every month and was run by American businessmen. This price was very expensive at that time, so there were many well-off businessmen, officials, doctors, lawyers and so on. 1936 after Lu Xun's death, Xu Guangping moved to No.64 with the help of Jun Xiao. Mother and son lived on the second floor, and Lu Xun's younger brother, Mr. and Mrs. Zhou, lived on the third floor. After Zhou moved away, the third floor was changed to collect Lu Xun's relics.

The picture shows this is today? Julie? This is the so-called? New alley? Shikumen? . Many buildings in this area have been demolished, and it is rare to maintain this style.

Comparison 1928 When Ding Ling and Hu Yepin first came to Shanghai to save money, they and Shen Congwen were in the French Concession? I rented a room in Lu (now Changshu Road): I slept in the bed at night, and Ding and Hu slept on the floor. And this kind of husband and wife sharing a room with others was by no means a case at that time, and there were even two families sharing a room with their children! At that time, this kind of housing had no sanitation, kitchen and other facilities, and the water had to be picked by buckets, so the living conditions were far worse than now? Group renting house? .

According to another research, when Jiang Qing was in Shanghai in his early years, he rented a pavilion near Huaihaifang (that is, the kitchen on the first floor and the small room facing north between the second and third floors). Can you pay attention to the author? Today's headlines? )。 Her monthly rent was seven or eight dollars at that time.

The monthly rent of the whole building is 40 to 50 silver dollars (the building is a two-room building with a large area and many rooms). At that time, the monthly salary of a middle school teacher was about thirty or forty silver dollars. According to the calculation of Shanghai's relevant economic departments in 1930s, a poor family of five in Shanghai can maintain the basic life of 400 yuan for about one year.

Let's talk about Zhang Ailing, who lives in Shanghai all the year round. Most fans in Shanghai, Hongkong, Taiwan Province and overseas know the Changde apartment where she lived.

The picture shows Changde apartment today. Zhang Ailing lives in Room 5 1 in the apartment with her mother and aunt. 1942, Zhang Ailing moved into Room 65 (now Room 60 1) until 1948. Her interesting Notes on Apartment Life is about what she saw and heard in this building. It should be noted that the apartment was built in 1936, formerly known as Ellington apartment. When Zhang moved in, it was a new building.

The picture shows Zhang Ailing on the left, which is familiar to many people, but Zhang Ailing with a student accent on the right may not be seen by many friends.

As you know, Zhang Ailing was born in the wing of a declining family, but her family has many good residential properties in Shanghai, such as the Yangtze River Apartment on the Yellow River Road. Zhang lived on the second floor of Changjiang apartment for about two years. Changde Apartment and Changjiang Apartment are definitely high-end properties in this bustling city. It can be seen that this big family is declining, but still. Will the donkey fall? .

The picture shows that if you walk north along Shimen Second Road to the corner today, you can see the house number of Lane 87 of Kangding East Road. This big red brick wall house is now the community cultural center of Shimen Second Road, which was occupied by a middle school night school earlier.

The building was built in the late Qing Dynasty. It is a western-style building with many oriental elements. Earlier, there were no modern sanitary facilities and running water here. This building was originally married by Zhang Ailing's great-grandfather Li Hongzhang to his daughter. It is a two-story building, with one and a half basements, and half basements are auxiliary rooms (servants, kitchens, workshops, etc.). ). Now other buildings related to this building were added after the community activity center.

The picture shows that this should be the back door of the original building leading to the yard. Zhang Ailing was born and lived here for nearly 20 years, in which Zhang Ailing and her younger brother lived on the first floor and her father lived on the second floor.

The author walked into a suite on the ground floor, which is now a children's activity reading room. The indoor suite is now divided into two and a half rooms, so the total area of this suite is about 60 square meters. In response to the author's question, the young and kind female librarian in the reading room said: What is the original structure in this former residence? I don't know that the total area of the community activity center is now more than 3000 square meters, but I don't know the original building area of the former residence. According to the author's observation, this former residence is not as good as the semi-basement and the third floor. The original building area is about 800 square meters.

After Zhang Ailing 192 1 was born, she spent more than ten years in this building. When she was young, she felt that she was locked in a cage, and the complicated relationship in the declining family made her feel unusually warm and cold, which was a rare literary tension that broke out in the future.

Finally, let me talk about Lu Xun. 1May 1930 to1April 1933, Lu Xun once lived in Hongkou. Sichuan North Road? No.4, Floor 3, Building A, Ramos Apartment (now Beichuan Apartment)1On April 8, 930, he wrote in his diary? If you decide to stay in the afternoon, the top fee is 500, and 200 in advance. ? May 18? Pay 300 pounds for a new roof. ? May 12? In the evening, I moved into the small building on Sichuan North Road with Guangping and Yinghai? .

It's not a small sum to use 500 yuan as the deposit for renting a house! There is a situation that needs to be explained here: 1929, under the mediation of Yu Dafu, Lin Yutang and others, Lu Xun recovered the huge royalty of 20,000 yuan deducted by Beixin Bookstore! Cash it in two years. This is a number with empirical records. During 1929- 1930, Lu Xun's total income reached more than 35,000 yuan! This is also the richest period of Lu Xun's economy.