The main skills of psychological sitcom

Psychodrama is to express inner activities, psychological obstacles and unfulfilled wishes through actions, expressions and language, so as to achieve the purpose of understanding oneself (self-awareness, consciousness), releasing emotions and "realizing wishes". Therefore, the most basic technology of psychological drama is "performance". Performance is to leave the present, enter a certain state, or even become another person, arouse the inner activities in that state, and express them through actions, expressions and language. The language in the performance is divided into monologue and narration. The monologue speaks in the first person, which is consistent with the role. The narrator speaks in the third person, which is an explanation of the inner activities of the characters. In order to perform better, "repeat performance" and "role practice" are sometimes used. In addition, there are several very important technologies.

1, diploid

The auxiliary corner stands beside the protagonist, imitating his movements, exaggerating his movements and helping him say what he wants to say but doesn't. Body body double is another self, and he knows how the protagonist feels. The protagonist may have suppressed his feelings because of his psychological defense, but he has no psychological defense, so he knows his heart better than the protagonist. Body body double is like a mirror, which helps the protagonist to see himself clearly. However, Moreno used the concept of "mirror" to describe another technology.

When necessary, body double can also guide the protagonist, make decisions for him and help him do something. For example, when the protagonist doesn't know how to deal with a certain situation, body double can give him a demonstration.

Body double and the director are sometimes hard to tell apart. Generally speaking, the director tells the protagonist how to do (instruct) and body double shows him (demonstrate). If the director is not directing, but demonstrating, it's called body double.

The catamaran is internally guided. His demonstration should not exceed the psychological limit of the protagonist, otherwise it will become "guidance" and interference. Some body double does not "imitate" the leading role, but plays himself, and that is not the real body double. Therefore, the performance of body double must be recognized by the protagonist, and the protagonist will imitate it.

2. Specular reflection

Just look in the mirror. The auxiliary corner replaces the protagonist and imitates his movements, while the protagonist stands in the audience to watch the performance of the auxiliary corner. Accurately speaking, the double body is looking in the mirror, and "reflection in the mirror" is more like watching a video; The mirror is the real body body double (instead), and the "body body double" is actually a "shadow". Moreno is a man of great personality and speaks in a different way.

Kohut is also such a person. He called reflective empathy "mirror image", which was juxtaposed with idealized empathy and otherself empathy. In fact, empathy is the real mirror image, and mirror image is actually a "spotlight" (attracting attention and getting praise).

Body body double and the protagonist imitate each other regardless of each other, while mirror reflection has a sense of distance, which can help the protagonist see himself objectively and neutrally. The double body has the functions of observation, support and guidance, and the main function of mirror reflection is "observation".

Like body double, the mirror image is the protagonist, not himself.

3. Role exchange

That is, the protagonist plays a supporting role, and the supporting role plays the leading role, so as to enter each other's hearts, empathize with each other, understand each other's psychological activities, and eliminate misunderstandings. Both Shen Shuang and Jing Ying are role exchanges (supporting roles play the leading role), and the role exchange here mainly refers to the leading role playing the supporting role.

Psychological disorders are usually caused by trauma, and trauma must have its perpetrators. Let the protagonist play the perpetrator, that is, role exchange. By playing the perpetrator, the protagonist can understand the perpetrator to varying degrees, thus getting rid of mental pain. It should be noted that this kind of understanding happens naturally and cannot be forced, otherwise it will suppress the normal emotional reactions of the protagonist, such as anger and fear.

Playing the abuser is to "identify with the abuser", which is often considered as a pathological phenomenon. In fact, there is no absolute boundary between normality and pathology. It is normal for a behavior to be suitable for the environment, and it is morbid if it is not suitable for the environment. In real life, it is certainly not good to identify with the abuser and hurt others. However, there is nothing wrong with playing the abuser in psychological drama. Playing the abuser can not only forgive the abuser, but also release the energy of the abuser mask, making it more difficult for the protagonist to become a abuser in real life.

Playing the victim is another very powerful role exchange, which is usually used to treat patients with "behavioral disorders" who cause harm to others. If you play the victim once, you will feel strongly guilty about your bad behavior and thus "repent".

4. Empty chair technology

The empty chair technique was invented by Moreno and later borrowed by Pierce, which became the core technique of Gestalt therapy. Specifically, when there is no auxiliary angle, take an empty chair instead of the auxiliary angle and perform against the empty chair. If it's a supporting role, the protagonist can turn himself into a supporting role by sitting in an empty chair, or change himself into an empty chair to play a supporting role by himself, or sit in one of his own chairs with two empty chairs. This is actually a role exchange.

Pierce sometimes uses two chairs, one big and one small, to represent the winner and the loser respectively. This small chair is narrow and short. When you sit down, you will sink in. Hold your head high when you look at people, which makes people feel very small and depressed.

5. Future forecast

Psychodrama can not only reproduce the real scene, but also show the fictional scene, which can rehearse both the hoped-for and the unexpected. Rehearsing what you want to happen can make people full of expectations and hopes for life and give life a direction to work hard; Rehearsing something you don't want to happen can "exhaust" its energy, make it difficult to happen, and let people know how to stop it from happening.