How to prevent base station radiation problems?

Harm of electromagnetic radiation and its prevention

Electromagnetic radiation and health

The 20th century is called the electrical age. More and more power stations and transmission lines were built, and various electrical appliances went deep into factories, laboratories, offices and ordinary families. However, whether the electromagnetic field, especially the electromagnetic field with power frequency (50-60 Hz) has an impact on human health has always been a concern.

In the early 1960s, relevant experts began to discuss this issue. At first, experts only paid attention to the role of electric field, but ignored the role of magnetic field. Because at that time, people mistakenly thought that the magnetic field component in this electromagnetic field was very small and could not have a perceptible impact on human health. The health care standards in many countries only stipulate the allowable electric field components in the power frequency electromagnetic field; When manufacturing all kinds of electrical equipment and appliances and erecting transmission lines, only the standards specified by electric field components are considered, but the maximum allowable limit of magnetic field components is not considered. However, a large number of investigations and statistical analysis later showed that magnetic fields can also affect human health. For example, the probability of various tumor lesions in human body is closely related to the received low-frequency electromagnetic radiation. Experts in many countries in Europe and America and some government agencies are convinced that low-frequency magnetic fields will significantly increase the incidence of the following diseases: leukocytosis and leukemia (especially more harmful to children), cancer, physical defects of newborns, breast cancer, brain tumors, malignant lymphoma, nervous system tumors, astrocyte development, chronic myeloid leukemia, chromosome aberration and so on. It has also been reported that the decrease in the secretion of some hormones under the action of electromagnetic fields may also be the cause of breast tumors.

So far, there is no direct evidence of the harm of mobile phones to health, but in general, it is better to make a long story short by using mobile phones.

What do you know about electromagnetic radiation?

A survey report pointed out that people who are often exposed to electromagnetic radiation are at greater risk of breast cancer if they are exposed to high temperature again; People who have been electrical engineers for a long time will increase the risk of acute leukemia if they are exposed to gasoline, pesticides or pesticides again.

Many investigation reports also pointed out that people who are engaged in "electrical appliances", children and people who use household appliances improperly (children who often play video games, women and children who often use electric blankets and other heaters, etc.). ) the risk of being damaged by low-frequency magnetic fields is greater. Some countries also have such regulations for pregnant women: the baby can't go to the computer for 3-6 months before birth.

The intensity and accumulation of low-frequency magnetic field radiation will affect the probability of illness. And some people have an incubation period as long as 10- 15 years. According to international health standards, the upper limit of allowable magnetic induction intensity is 100 microtesla. Electromagnetic radiation is just like the relationship between the sun and ultraviolet rays. If you want to enjoy the sunshine, you will inevitably be exposed to ultraviolet radiation. Electromagnetic radiation is invisible, intangible and difficult to perceive, so its harm is particularly hidden. From electronic alarm clocks, hair dryers, microwave ovens and electric irons to computers, fax machines and telephones, we are constantly exposed to electromagnetic "comfort". Out of the house, power lines and all kinds of motor equipment make us very easy to be in the electromagnetic field. The deterioration of electromagnetic environment in 2 1 century is a foregone conclusion.

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Preventive measures of electromagnetic radiation

As we all know, where there is electricity, there is electromagnetic radiation, which is invisible, intangible and impossible to prevent. Then what kind of preventive measures people take is very important.

First of all, we should widely publicize the basic knowledge of electromagnetic radiation, so that people can know how electromagnetic radiation is produced, what harm it will cause to human body, what kind of places to use and what kind of equipment to use will produce electromagnetic radiation. This is a long-term patient and meticulous work.

Secondly, take some necessary preventive measures to avoid or reduce electromagnetic radiation. For example, there is a kind of radiation-proof clothing, which is made of a variety of electromagnetic radiation-proof raw materials, and its electromagnetic shielding effect is very obvious. If our merchants produce more such clothes, the harm of electromagnetic radiation to human body will be greatly weakened.

How to prevent the harm caused by electromagnetic radiation

1. Prevent the influence of electromagnetic radiation on human body;

(1) Shielding room: made of metal (sheet, net), which is mostly used to shield the activity field of large machinery groups or control rooms;

(2) Protective clothing, protective helmet and protective glasses: These are personal protective articles, which can effectively reduce the intensity of magnetic radiation to protect the health of workers exposed to electromagnetic radiation;

(3) Shielding cover: This is the main method to shield the activity field of small instruments. The materials used for shielding are usually conductive materials with low resistivity, such as copper and aluminum.

(4) For the electromagnetic radiation generated by mobile phones, you can wear headphones to reduce the electromagnetic radiation. According to the experiment of Thiel Laboratory of Institute of Telecommunication Transmission of Ministry of Information Industry, the radiation received by the head when talking with headphones is between1100 and 1/200.

2. The main methods to prevent electromagnetic radiation from leaking computer secrets are:

(1) Passive mode: electromagnetic shielding to prevent electromagnetic waves from leaking out. The disadvantage of using this mode alone is that if the shielding is not complete, the high-sensitivity electromagnetic receiving equipment can still obtain information;

(2) Active mode: emitting electromagnetic waves, and the electromagnetic receiving equipment used for stealing secrets receives the interfered signals. The disadvantage of using this mode alone is that it is still possible to recover useful information if well-designed software is used to analyze the received interference signal.

Therefore, the best way is to mix the two modes at the same time.

Therefore, passive methods are needed to prevent electromagnetic waves from leaking out from these aspects. Just shielding the display is not enough. When using the computer secretly, all unnecessary cables and peripherals should be removed.

A battery-powered laptop can dispense with this connection. However, if public power supply must be used, passive mode filtering equipment or active mode interference signal injection into the power line is a measure that can be considered.

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The harm of electromagnetic radiation to the quality of living environment can not be ignored.

At present, with people paying more and more attention to health, buyers have begun to pay attention to environmental quality in addition to location, price, apartment type, garden and property when choosing housing. It is understood that in order to let people enjoy a safe and healthy living environment, the Law of the People's Republic of China on Environmental Impact Assessment will come into effect on September 1, which means that mandatory environmental impact assessment must be carried out before the establishment of residential projects in the future.

Electromagnetic radiation surfaced.

For outdoor environmental quality, noise, air index and electromagnetic radiation are the three issues that people are most concerned about, especially electromagnetic radiation. Because electromagnetic radiation is invisible, people don't know much about it, and many residents living around high-voltage lines, substations, radio stations, TV stations and radar stations have an inexplicable fear. However, experts from the State Environmental Protection Administration pointed out that although electromagnetic radiation is harmful to some extent, on the one hand, electromagnetic radiation is not harmful at any time and any place; On the one hand, electromagnetic radiation can be shielded, and residents don't have to be nervous about electromagnetic radiation.

Correct understanding of electromagnetic radiation

With the development and progress of society, a large number of equipment and activities with electromagnetic radiation, such as TV towers, radio stations, radars, satellite communications and microwaves, are also increasing. These devices have played an important role in the improvement of human living standards and the progress of social development, and the electromagnetic waves generated at the same time are also an environmental pollution factor. The more social progress, the more serious electromagnetic pollution. Therefore, electromagnetic wave is not only an information carrier and energy flow carrier beneficial to social development, but also a pollution factor harmful to human life, and its harm has been highly valued by the international environmental protection field. Therefore, we should take electromagnetic energy as a resource and make full use of it. It is also necessary to strengthen management and control the negative effects of electromagnetic radiation to a minimum.

According to experts from the State Environmental Protection Administration, from a professional point of view, electromagnetic radiation generally refers to electromagnetic waves with frequencies above 100KHZ. The sources of electromagnetic field are natural and artificial. First of all, the earth itself is a big magnetic field. Sunlight itself is also a frequency band of electromagnetic waves, as well as lightning and electromagnetic waves generated by other planets, which are naturally generated. Human beings have evolved in this environment and formed a harmonious relationship with nature. Therefore, natural electromagnetic radiation does no harm to human body. But since the19th century, with the development of science, people have invented many facilities that use electromagnetic energy to work. These facilities emit a large number of electromagnetic radiation or generate electromagnetic fields to the environment, which makes the electromagnetic radiation problem in the environment more and more serious, thus creating the problem of electromagnetic environmental protection. Facilities that generate electromagnetic radiation can be roughly divided into five categories:

1, radio and television transmission systems, such as TV transmission towers and radio relay stations;

2. Wireless communication transmission systems, such as mobile phone base stations;

3. High-voltage power transmission and transformation systems, such as high-voltage lines and substations;

4. Electrified railways, such as maglev trains;

5, industrial, scientific and medical electromagnetic energy facilities, such as high frequency melting furnace;

Harm of electromagnetic radiation

Humans themselves live in a huge electromagnetic field, and electromagnetic radiation is everywhere, so electromagnetic radiation is not as terrible as imagined. Only when the electromagnetic radiation exceeds a certain value will it have a negative impact on people's health. According to the electromagnetic radiation protection regulations issued by the State Environmental Protection Bureau, the electric field intensity is lower than 40 volts per meter, which should be safe. Even if it exceeds this value, it will not necessarily cause injury, which depends on the individual's resistance and the time and distance of contact. In addition, experts also pointed out that electromagnetic waves are everywhere, bringing infinite convenience to our lives. We should treat them correctly and make rational use of them. There is absolutely no need to worry too much. As long as proper shielding and protection are carried out, the radiation impact can be greatly reduced.

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How terrible is electromagnetic radiation?

In recent years, domestic and foreign media have reported that electromagnetic radiation is harmful: more than 400 children in Italy suffer from leukemia every year, and experts believe that the cause is serious electromagnetic pollution; A cancer medical foundation in the United States sampled some patients injured by electromagnetic radiation. The results show that the growth rate of cancer cells in people working near high-voltage lines is 24 times faster than that of ordinary people. Of the 20 million children born every year in China, 350,000 are disabled children, of whom 250,000 are mentally retarded. Some experts believe that electromagnetic radiation is one of the influencing factors.

Is the harm of electromagnetic radiation really so sensational?

In fact, human beings have been living in an electromagnetic environment. The earth itself is a large magnetic field, and both thermal radiation and lightning on its surface can produce electromagnetic radiation. In addition, the sun and other planets constantly produce electromagnetic radiation from outer space. However, naturally generated electromagnetic radiation is harmless to human body, while artificially generated electromagnetic radiation poses a threat to human body and pollutes the environment.

As early as 168 years ago, Faraday, an Englishman, discovered a wonderful phenomenon: electric field and magnetic field can be generated when current passes through a medium, which is later called electromagnetic induction. In 1980s, people built the first power station in the world by using the principle of electromagnetic induction. Since then, mankind has entered the application era of electromagnetic radiation.

From the first global communication of 190 1 to the large-scale use of mobile communication, as well as the necessary color TV sets and refrigerators, the application of electromagnetic radiation has penetrated into all aspects of human life. While people fully enjoy the convenience and comfort brought by electromagnetic radiation, they also feel its negative effects more and more. For example, electromagnetic radiation in electromagnetic compatibility has caused the navigation system, medical information system, industrial process control and information transmission system to be out of control, which has interfered with people's listening to radio and television. ...

It is said that as long as household appliances, electronic equipment, mobile communication equipment and other electrical equipment are in operation and use, there will be electromagnetic radiation around them. It is also heard that electromagnetic radiation can penetrate many substances, including the human body. So some people compare the pollution caused by electromagnetic radiation of products to "invisible killer", so how much harm will electromagnetic radiation do to human health?

The reporter interviewed Zhao Yufeng, a professor at Beijing Institute of Labor Protection Science.

Professor Zhao said: "Electromagnetic radiation and electromagnetic pollution are two concepts. Although electromagnetic radiation is everywhere, electromagnetic pollution will have a negative impact on the human body only after the electromagnetic radiation exceeds a certain intensity (that is, the limit of safety and health standards), leading to headache, insomnia, memory loss, blood pressure rising or falling, and critical abnormalities in the heart. If you work in an environment with excessive electromagnetic radiation for a long time, it may seriously lead to abortion, cataracts and even cancer in some people ... "

Zhao Yufeng said frankly that the influence of electromagnetic radiation on people is universal, but not terrible. Different people or the same person have different tolerance to electromagnetic radiation at different ages. Even in an environment that exceeds the standard, it doesn't mean that everyone will get sick, so there is no need to be "grass and trees" about electromagnetic radiation. Of course, preventive measures should also be taken for the elderly, children, pregnant women or patients with pacemakers, people who are sensitive to electromagnetic radiation, and people who work in an environment where electromagnetic radiation exceeds the standard for a long time.

In view of the fact that the electromagnetic radiation generated by contact with electrical products in daily life may be harmful to health, the China Consumers Association issued a warning on August 6 that electromagnetic radiation must be prevented in life.

"In fact, whether electromagnetic radiation has an impact on human health is not a new problem." Li Tianlin, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, told the reporter, "For half a century, experts and scholars at home and abroad have been studying and commenting on electromagnetic radiation. However, due to the inconsistency of research objectives, methods and conditions (the distance, time and biological model of exposure to electromagnetic radiation sources are different), the research results and opinions of relevant experts and scholars around the world on the biological effects of electromagnetic radiation are not consistent at present. Therefore, what impact and harm electromagnetic radiation has on the human body needs further discussion. "

However, Li Tianlin believes that China, as a big country, the relevant authorities should formulate a unified national mandatory national standard for electromagnetic radiation safety and health as soon as possible. So that manufacturers can follow this standard to develop ultra-low electromagnetic radiation electrical equipment and ensure the safety of consumers. At the same time, the management of electromagnetic radiation will be included in the normal social environmental protection scope, and the legitimate rights and interests of consumers and workers will be effectively protected.

The reporter interviewed a number of relevant departments on the formulation of electromagnetic radiation standards, and learned that in the past, the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Electronics Industry (now merged into the Ministry of Information Industry), the State Environmental Protection Administration, the military and other departments all formulated their own electromagnetic radiation safety standards, but there was no unified compulsory national standard for electromagnetic radiation safety. It is reported that at present, China is working on the formulation of mandatory national standards for electromagnetic radiation, which is expected to be introduced before the end of this year.

According to experts from the State Environmental Protection Administration, the electromagnetic radiation environment in China is relatively good at present, which is equivalent to the water pollution and air pollution faced by China in the 1950s and 1960s. There are signs of emergence, far from serious. But from now on, we must strictly manage and plan ahead. Because social and economic development is inseparable from the application of electromagnetic radiation. If the environment cannot withstand electromagnetic pollution, it will be difficult for the economy to develop further.