Emergency plan for natural gas leakage

Emergency plan for natural gas leakage

In our daily study, work and life, we will encounter some unexpected events or accidents. In order to minimize the harm, we usually need to prepare a complete emergency plan in advance. Then the question is coming, how to write the emergency plan? The following is my emergency plan for natural gas leakage, for reference only. Let's have a look.

Emergency plan for natural gas leakage 1 1. Harm of natural gas leakage to human body

When natural gas leaks, when the concentration in the air reaches 25%, it will lead to hypoxia and damage to the mental system. Severe cases can be manifested as respiratory paralysis, coma and even death.

Second, the causes and characteristics of natural gas leakage

1. Causes of natural gas leakage:

The valve gasket is damaged and cracked, resulting in leakage.

The pressure gauge is damaged.

The pipe is broken.

2, the characteristics of natural gas leakage:

Natural gas is a kind of flammable and explosive gas, which has the duality of flammable and combustible gas and is lighter than air. Once leaked, it can quickly spread everywhere, causing poisoning, burning and explosion.

Third, the emergency treatment of natural gas leakage

When dealing with natural gas leakage, we should quickly and effectively eliminate the danger according to its leakage and combustion characteristics to avoid explosion and combustion accidents. In the process of dealing with natural gas leakage and eliminating dangerous conditions, we must implement the guiding ideology of "explosion prevention first, then dangerous conditions", adhere to the treatment principle of "controlling fire source first, then plugging", and flexibly use the treatment measures such as closing valves and stopping gas, plugging points and post-event detection.

1. Guidelines for handling natural gas leakage:

1) Nature and leakage law of natural gas: The diffused gas can burn and explode when it meets a fire source. Once an explosion occurs, it will bring greater disaster to the safety of people's lives and property. Therefore, in the process of dealing with leakage, we must adhere to the idea that explosion protection is more important than risk removal.

Due to the walking of field personnel and the friction of iron, sparks are easily generated, which will inevitably lead to the combustion and explosion of diffused natural gas, which not only threatens the life safety of emergency personnel, but also damages the surrounding buildings.

2) Set up a warning zone to prohibit irrelevant personnel from entering; No traffic and all fire sources, such as switching the power supply in the leakage area.

2, natural gas leakage treatment method

1) Once the natural gas leaks, the main task of the troubleshooter after arriving at the scene is to close the valve and cut off the gas source. If the valve is damaged, you can wrap the leaking place with a sack, or use a big clamp to stop the leakage and replace the valve. If the pipe breaks, you can block the leak with a wooden wedge.

Actively rescue the personnel, let the asphyxiated personnel leave the scene immediately and rest in the outdoor fresh air circulation. Oxygen inhalation or hyperbaric oxygen chamber treatment should be given when conditions permit, and artificial respiration should be given to those who have stopped breathing. After breathing is restored, they should be transported to a nearby hospital for treatment immediately.

2) Prevent combustion and explosion in time and quickly eliminate the danger. On-site personnel should focus on controlling all kinds of fire sources to create conditions for rapid plugging. For places where natural gas has spread, electrical appliances should be kept in their original state and cannot be switched on and off at will; Close to the diffusion area, cut off the power supply.

3) Dilute the cooling leakage with a flowering water gun.

4) It is forbidden to wear spikes and chemical fiber clothes, and it is forbidden to use metal tools to avoid sparks or sparks caused by collision.

Fourth, public safety.

1, immediately isolate at least 50 meters around the leakage area.

2. Evacuate non-designated personnel.

3. Keep the upper hand.

4. Don't enter low-lying areas.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) fire disposal scheme

1, dry powder fire extinguisher or carbon dioxide fire extinguisher for small fire.

2, with water or spray fire.

3. On the premise of ensuring safety, the container containing combustible gas should be transported away from the fire.

The oil storage tank is on fire.

1. Keep as far away from the fire source as possible or use a remote control water gun or water when extinguishing the fire.

2. Cool the container containing dangerous goods with plenty of water until the fire is completely extinguished.

3. Do not directly impact the leakage or safety device with water, as this may lead to freezing.

4. If the safety valve of the container makes noise or the container changes color, it should be emptied quickly.

5. Remember to stay away from the storage tanks swallowed by the fire.

6. For intense fire, keep a distance from the fire source as much as possible or use a remote control water gun or water cannon; Otherwise, leave the scene of the fire and let it burn itself out.

Sixth, first aid.

1) Move the patient to fresh air.

2) Call 120 or other emergency medical service centers.

3) If the patient stops breathing, artificial respiration should be performed.

4) If breathing is difficult, take oxygen.

5) Take off and isolate the contaminated clothes and shoes.

6) Keep the patient warm and quiet.

7) Medical personnel should know the related substances involved in the accident and take self-protection measures.

Emergency Plan for Natural Gas Leakage 2 Since the West-to-East Gas Transmission Project was put into operation, natural gas, as a high-quality and efficient clean energy, has gradually become the dominant gas source of town gas, which has promoted social and economic development and reduced environmental pollution. At the same time, natural gas is flammable and explosive, and once an accident occurs, it will endanger the public's interests and safety. In order to minimize casualties and property losses and ensure effective and timely energy rescue, it is very important to establish and formulate perfect emergency treatment and preventive measures according to the physical and thermal properties of natural gas. According to scientific and reasonable principles and practical work experience, this emergency plan for natural gas accidents is specially formulated for reference and mutual learning.

1. Establish an organization.

Set up a safety emergency leading group, composed of personnel from production, operation, emergency repair, safety, administration and logistics departments, and set up various professional departments according to the division of labor. The team leader is responsible for unified command, and its responsibilities are:

(1) is responsible for the dispatch and command of accident handling and the decision-making on major issues.

(2) unified command of the coordination of various professional departments, and inspection, supervision and guidance.

(3) Organize all emergency rescue forces and materials to ensure on-site emergency needs.

(4) Responsible for external liaison and accident investigation.

2. Emergency treatment plan for natural gas leakage

Natural gas is flammable and explosive, lighter than air. Once leaked, it can quickly spread everywhere, causing poisoning, burning and explosion. When natural gas leaks, when the concentration in the air reaches 25%, it can lead to hypoxia and damage to the nervous system. In severe cases, it can be manifested as respiratory paralysis, coma and even death. When dealing with natural gas leakage, the danger should be eliminated quickly and effectively according to its characteristics of leakage and combustion, so as to avoid explosion and combustion accidents. In the process of eliminating dangerous conditions, we must implement the guiding ideology of "explosion prevention first, then danger", adhere to the treatment principle of "controlling fire source first, then plugging", and prohibit irrelevant personnel from entering the equipment warning area; No vehicles, no fire sources. It is forbidden to wear nail shoes and chemical fiber clothes, and it is forbidden to use metal tools to avoid sparks or sparks. Flexible use of valve closing, gas cutting, plugging and after-care detection.

2. 1 Treatment of large-scale natural gas leakage

The main causes of leakage are: leakage caused by misoperation; Leakage caused by corrosion, perforation and damage of equipment and pipelines; Due to the aging and failure of the seal, the equipment leaks; The pressure gauge is damaged and the pipeline is broken.

When the gas transmission equipment and facilities fail or the station fails, resulting in a large amount of natural gas leakage in the station, the emergency repair department will deal with it urgently. The air flow can be cut off through the valve in the station without the use of plugging equipment.

① Automatically or manually switch the pipeline gas in the discharge station.

(2) According to the site conditions, ring the alarm bell at the site and start the electric ball valve in the station. If the valve cannot be automatically executed due to facility failure, it will be completed manually;

Close the entrance valve and exit valve, open all manual vent valves in the station, and start the preliminary accident control in the station.

③ Preliminary accident control stage

(1) If only natural gas leaks and there is no fire, preliminary control shall be carried out according to the following steps:

① Use portable combustible gas alarm to detect the concentration of natural gas in the station, determine the leakage point, mark it and set up a warning zone.

② The facilities, equipment, lighting devices, wires and tools in the station are explosion-proof.

(3) If the indoor gas leaks, immediately close the indoor gas supply valve, quickly open the doors and windows, and strengthen ventilation.

(4) All vehicles are prohibited from entering the warning zone, and vehicles staying in the warning zone are forbidden to start.

⑤ After the fire truck arrives at the scene, it is not allowed to directly enter the natural gas diffusion area, but should stay in the windward direction of the diffusion area and the safety zone of the high slope, and be prepared for possible fire and explosion accidents. Firefighters should be careful not to collide with metal to avoid sparks.

⑥ According to the site conditions, issue a mobilization order to mobilize the residents and workers in the natural gas diffusion area and quickly put out all kindling.

⑦ Take the position where the natural gas may encounter fire source after diffusion as the main direction of fire fighting, deploy water gun positions, and prepare for fire and explosion accidents.

⑧ Blow away the leaked natural gas with water spray, fire and steam to prevent the formation of explosive gas.

Pet-name ruby in the initial control, someone should care, gas masks should be worn when necessary.

Attending to repair personnel arrived, the implementation of troubleshooting, according to the actual situation, replacement or maintenance of pipelines or facilities.

(2) If there is a fire in the station, with the cooperation of professional firefighters, conduct preliminary control according to the following steps:

(1) If natural gas leaks and catches fire, first find the source of the leak and close the upstream valve to stop the combustion.

(2) When closing the valve to put out the fire, the fire site should be continuously cooled to prevent accidents caused by closing the valve by mistake after the fire is put out.

(3) After the valve is turned off, it still needs to be cooled for a period of time to prevent re-ignition and explosion again.

(4) When the flame threatens to make the valve inaccessible, the valve can be closed after the fire is extinguished on the premise of implementing the sealing measures.

⑤ When closing the valve to put out the fire, it is necessary to consider whether the high-temperature and high-pressure equipment in the previous procedure will overtemperature and overpressure after closing the valve, resulting in a blasting accident.

⑥ Fire extinguishing agent in the station can be used to extinguish the flame. In order to remedy the natural gas fire, fire extinguishing agents such as water, dry powder, haloalkane, steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide can be selected.

⑦ For air leakage fire with low air pressure, plugging can be adopted to put out the fire, and the burner can be sealed with wet quilt, wet sack, wet cloth, asbestos felt or clay to isolate the air and put out the fire. At the same time, it should be noted that when closing the valve and filling the leak, the operating procedures must be strictly implemented and carried out quickly to avoid secondary fire and explosion.

⑧ After the follow-up reinforcements arrive, put them out according to the fire control regulations.

(3) Maintenance of facilities in the station

After natural gas leakage or fire treatment in the station, the production and maintenance personnel of the construction unit will repair the faulty part, which can be carried out with reference to the following steps:

① Replace the faulty pipe section and equipment with nitrogen, and detect it with oxygen detector (oxygen concentration =2%). It can be detected by a gas alarm. The mixed concentration below 25% of the explosion limit is qualified.

(2) Dismantle the pipeline or equipment in case of accident (according to the actual situation, the flange connection can be cut off or disconnected), and stop the supporting facilities for pressure test and replacement.

(3) There must be on-site safety supervision for hot work in the station.

(4) Prefabricate new pipe sections and install them.

⑤ Complete the installation and pressure test and pass the acceptance.

⑥ Conduct air defense in the station area and complete nitrogen replacement in the war zone.

⑦ Restore the station flow and deliver it to the station.

2.2 Method or bolt for slight leakage at decompression station.

Once a slight leakage of natural gas is found at the flange or bolt in the station, it should be reported to the site commander immediately, and the site commander can take the following measures according to the site conditions:

(1) If the process allows, switch to the pipeline. Facilities or pipes to isolate air leakage.

(2) For slight leakage that can be handled with certainty, tighten the bolts with explosion-proof tools.

(3) The leakage that cannot be handled definitely should be reported to the leading group, and the leading group will guide professionals to go to the site to handle it, and reinforce or replace the gasket according to the leakage situation.

(4) During the treatment, safety monitoring should be strengthened, and the fastening strength should be even, and the operation that is not sure should not be foolhardy, so as not to cause more damage.

(5) In case of emergency, high-pressure sealing device can be used to seal the leaking valves, pipe sections and leaking equipment connection parts in the station.

2.3 Natural gas leakage in gas transmission pipeline

(1) immediately notify the local government, public security, fire control, gas pipe, safety supervision and other departments, and quickly organize the evacuation of residents around the accident site to ensure the safety of people's lives, and inform the nearby residents to put out all kindling, and it is forbidden to cook with fire and connect the power supply.

(2) On-site commanders rushed to the scene of the accident, assisted relevant local departments, surrounded the accident area, set up warning lines and warning signs in the accident area, and ensured that military attaché s, personnel and residents were far away from the danger area.

(3) When the leaked natural gas threatens the transportation trunk lines, the local government should be assisted to stop the transportation of roads, railways and rivers immediately.

(4) On-site commanders should further find out the leakage situation at the scene of the accident, evaluate the development and influence scope of the accident, and immediately report the situation to the leading group.

(5) Take all necessary measures to plug the leaking parts.

(6) After the accident, the professional repair personnel arrived at the scene of the accident with the fastest speed, and dug out the earthen house of the leaking pipe trench in time. In the process of emergency repair welding, the natural gas in the pipe trench should be forced out by axial flow fan, and continuous combustible gas monitoring and safety monitoring should be carried out. The preparation measures are as follows:

① The natural gas gathered in the trench volatilizes freely for a period of time. When there is a large amount of air leakage in the trench, replace the air first, and place an explosion-proof axial fan at one end of the trench to blow out the natural gas in the trench.

② Measure the concentration of natural gas in the pipe trench with combustible gas detector, and the concentration must be less than 25% of the lower explosion limit. Only when the air in the trench is qualified can the construction begin.

(3) Due to the space limitation in the trench, it is difficult to display large machines and tools, so the excavation of the working pit in the trench is completed manually. Remove the covering soil in the trench, and monitor the concentration of natural gas at any time to ensure the safety of construction personnel.

(4) All emergency repair personnel must take measures to eliminate static electricity before entering the trench, and wear gas masks before entering and leaving if necessary.

3. Emergency treatment of natural gas fire and explosion accidents

The disposal principle is to put out small fires with dry powder fire extinguishers or carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, and put out large fires with water spray or spray. On the premise of ensuring safety, the container containing combustible gas should be separated from the fire. When the storage tank is on fire, keep a large distance from the fire source or use remote control water gun or water to extinguish the fire. Use a large number of cooling containers filled with dangerous goods until they are completely extinguished; Do not directly impact the leakage or safety device with water, as this may lead to freezing. If the safety valve of the container sounds or the container changes color, it should be emptied quickly. Remember to leave the storage tank swallowed by the fire. For fierce fires, keep as far away from the fire source as possible or use remote control water guns or blisters; Otherwise, leave the scene of the fire and let it burn itself out.

(1) In case of fire caused by natural gas leakage or other reasons, cut off the gas source immediately, put out the fire, rescue the injured and evacuate the personnel, and notify the fire department and other relevant departments in time.

(2) In the rescue work of natural gas fire, methods such as cutting off the gas source or reducing the pressure should be taken to control the fire, but cooling down and preventing the negative pressure in the pipeline from happening again should be considered.

(3) After the fire is controlled, we should continue to check the gas concentration in buildings and underground facilities to prevent natural gas from causing regeneration disasters.

(4) When the decompression station explodes, cut off the gas source of the pressure regulating station immediately, and put out the fire quickly in case of fire. If there are casualties, organize rescue immediately. After the situation is under control, first collect evidence on site, then repair and replace the damaged equipment according to the arrangement of the on-site commander, and notify the user to stop using natural gas.

(5) When the natural gas pipeline explodes, quickly cut off the power supply, deal with the fire accident, find out the cause of the explosion, and make site records. When it is confirmed that there is no secondary explosion and fire, gas can only be supplied to the natural gas pipeline after passing the air tightness inspection, replacement and gas quality inspection.

4. Emergency treatment of sudden power failure at the station.

When the internal and external power supply of the station is suddenly interrupted, it should be reported to the leading group immediately, and the emergency workflow should be started to enable the standby power supply (double-loop power supply or generator) to supply power to the operating facilities in the station. As a first-class electrical equipment, the decompression station is powered by the standby power supply to the main parts of the station, including instrument automation system, fire fighting equipment, communication system, electric ball valve and emergency lighting. The standby power supply can keep power supply for about 2 hours. During this period, the impact of power outage is mainly reflected in the outage of electrical equipment, which has little impact on other major systems. Therefore, during the power outage, the important task should be to quickly activate the standby power supply and resume production and operation as soon as possible.

(1) Phenomenon and reason of power failure accident:

(1) Electrical equipment failure (power distribution cabinet, etc. ) caused a power outage.

(2) High-voltage overhead lines are broken, porcelain bottles are broken down, or lines are grounded and short-circuited.

③ Buried cable is damaged, insulation aging or short circuit.

④ Other reasons (human failure, etc.). ).

(2) Power failure handling

(1) When the power distribution equipment breaks down, first cut off the fault point quickly and put it into standby line to ensure the long-term operation of other equipment. Find out the cause of the fault line, determine the emergency plan, organize personnel to carry out maintenance, conduct performance tests after completion, and switch to normal operation after meeting the requirements of the electrical equipment operation standard.

(2) When the overhead high-voltage line fails, first establish a safe area to prevent the step voltage from getting an electric shock accident, contact the power supply unit for power outage, and the station and other power users should prepare for power outage and report to the emergency rescue, and make preparations as required. This work requires more than three people who are familiar with electrical maintenance and those who have climbing operations to carry out maintenance, and the fault contact is carried out according to the power transmission steps.

(3) When the buried cable fails, first determine the fault point and take preventive measures to quickly cut off the fault line to prevent the accident from expanding. According to the requirements, make preparations and determine the standby line for holding your breath swimming at the accident point. When there is no spare line, the explosion-proof temporary boundary can be used to check the cause of the accident and replace the buried cable after ensuring the normal operation of the equipment.

④ Other reasons mainly include mechanical failure of line equipment, which can be handled and replaced according to the actual situation.

5, emergency treatment of electric shock accident

(1) Cause of electric shock

Due to carelessness and other reasons, I came into contact with the equipment that often takes some points; Contact with the metal shell of equipment that is not usually charged but charged due to edge damage.

(2) Preventive measures

For devices that are often damaged, such as switches, lamp holders, fuses, etc. , insulation cover should be installed to prevent exposure; Regularly check and maintain the insulation of electrical equipment to ensure that the insulation is in good condition; Install protective grounding and zero connection; Install the protection switch.

(3) Electric shock treatment measures

Electric shock must be first aid, that is, every second counts, but the safety of the rescuer must be considered; Electric shock first aid, first from the power supply to get an electric shock.

(1) The electrocuted person touches the disconnected high-voltage conductor on the ground. If the line is not electrified and the ambulance personnel can't get close to the disconnection point of 8- 10 meters, take safety measures. Rescuers should quickly cut off the power supply or use insulating tools suitable for this voltage level to rescue the electric shock.

(2) If the person who gets an electric shock touches the low-voltage live equipment, the ambulance personnel should try to cut off the power supply quickly, such as turning on the power switch or gate and unplugging the power plug. Or use insulated tools and non-conductive things to trigger electric shock, or you can insulate yourself for rescue.

(3) If you get an electric shock at a height, you should take preventive measures.

(4) To rescue the wounded, lighting is sometimes needed, and temporary lighting should meet the requirements of fire prevention and explosion prevention, but first aid cannot be delayed.

(3) First aid should be given after the wounded head is electrified.

(1) If the electric shock victim is conscious, make him lie flat and observe closely. On the contrary, make sure the airway is unblocked, call the wounded, and do not shake the head of the wounded.

(2) The wounded who need to be rescued should adhere to the correct on-site rescue (such as judging that the tiger's heart stops beating, it is necessary to use airway patency, artificial respiration, chest compression and other methods to rescue), and try to be treated by the lanky medical department.

(3) Without the permission of the medical staff, it is not allowed to give medicine to the wounded, and it is not allowed to fiddle with the injured area at will.

(4) Rescue the electrocuted person to avoid panic, rescue the electrocuted person as soon as possible and minimize the power outage area, troubleshoot as soon as possible, and restore power supply.

6. Emergency treatment of gas suffocation

(1) In case of suffocation poisoning, report to the emergency command center of the leading group in time, contact the ambulance and medical staff immediately, and rush to the scene of the accident.

(2) The on-site commander shall organize the on-site emergency rescue, carry a first-aid kit and a gas mask, transfer the poisoned and suffocated personnel to a safe and ventilated place, and implement the on-site rescue according to the first-aid method. If the patient stops breathing, artificial respiration should be performed; If you have difficulty breathing, you should take oxygen, take off the contaminated clothes and shoes, keep the patient warm and quiet, let the medical staff know the substances involved in the accident and take self-protection measures.

Emergency plan for natural gas leakage 3 I. Basic information of personnel in this area

My hometown is located in a deep mountain, at the entrance of the East Passage. Doing a good job in safety production in the whole town is the basic guarantee to promote the sustainable development of social economy, ensure the stability of social order and build a harmonious society. China has two oil and gas wells and a natural gas desulfurization station, which are located in Sishe Village and Yishe Village respectively. The natural gas pipeline runs through our village.

Second, the determination of hazardous media and accident classification

Oil and gas accidents: generally, there are natural gas leakage, poisoning, natural gas fire and explosion.

Three. Organizational structure and responsibilities

The Township People's Government shall set up an emergency leading group for township oil and gas accidents, with the head of the group as the township head and the deputy head in charge of safety as the deputy head. The members are composed of the heads of the township security department, finance office, civil affairs office, health center, land construction management office, township people's armed forces department and other relevant departments, and their duties are to uniformly lead the emergency prevention and control of oil and gas accidents in the township.

Fourth, emergency preparedness.

First, all relevant departments and village committees should prepare corresponding emergency plans, and ensure the reserve of emergency facilities, equipment, disaster relief articles and equipment according to the requirements of emergency plans and action plans.

Two, the relevant departments should strengthen emergency skills training, strengthen the publicity and education of the public to carry out oil and gas accident prevention and emergency knowledge, and improve the awareness of prevention and coping ability.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) emergency response to accidents

After the oil and gas accident, the township emergency leading group office immediately sent a working group to the scene of the accident. Organize the implementation of emergency rescue and disaster relief, people-oriented, protect people's lives and property safety, and report to the county safety production supervision and management bureau and the county government. In terms of accident self-rescue, the leader of the township oil and gas accident emergency team is responsible for unified command and coordination; Relevant departments cooperated closely to evacuate people to both sides of the accident site immediately, and sent people to guard the main road leading to the accident site. Prevent from entering the accident area and try to minimize the loss.

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