What is the original biography of Wan Yuanji?

Original: Wan Yuanji, a native of Nanchang. Five years after the apocalypse (1625), a scholar. At first, he was promoted to Chaozhou, and later he was transferred to Germany. During this period, he captured the thief Li Shouzhi and disbanded his assembled minions. Chongzhen four years (163 1), demoted. In the autumn of the 11th year, the court adopted Ceng Ying's recommendation and made him an inspector in Yongzhou, acting as an agent to promote officials. After two years, Du Shi Yang Sichang recommended him as a scholar, and the court made him a right judge in Dali, responsible for supervising the military discipline in Yang Sichang. Chang Si regarded him as his right-hand man, and the generals were convinced of it. He worked in the army and didn't sleep a wink all night. After Chang Si's death, Yuanji returned to his hometown to mourn his mother. /kloc-came back in 0/6, took charge of Nanjing, and was promoted to doctor.

After the Axe King ascended the throne, he still served as a doctor. Because of the discord between the four major military towns, he asked for an order to enlighten him, and also asked for 12,000 pieces of silver to reward Alex Gao of Yangzhou, so as to teach him to be stationed in Jianghuai. Then Wan Yuanji crossed the Yangtze River and came to the generals' barracks. At that time, Alex Gao, Huang Degong and Liu Zeqing were competing for Yangzhou. Yuanji wrote a letter to Degong, asking him to help the court with everyone. Degong wrote back, just like Yuanji. Yuanji then copied this meritorious letter to Ze Qinghe Alex Gao, and the suspicion among the three people gradually disappeared. The courtiers discussed that Yuanji could stabilize the private town, promote him as a servant and young lady, and let him supervise the military affairs north of the Yangtze River. Yuanji people are outside, and they don't forget the court. They wrote several times to comment on political affairs. He once asked the court to record his works, restore his title of emperor, and return the title he added to the original Prince Wen Yi, sacrifice him in his cemetery, and share it with Emperor Wen Jian, and immediately commend the ministers who died at that time and the four courtiers who died in the fall of the capital recently, so as to inspire the courage of his subjects to serve their country faithfully. The axe king obeyed him. Yuanji also wrote: "The first emperor was brilliant and determined to rejuvenate the country, but the disaster was actually more serious. This is due to the policy of combining leniency with severity, and the way of listening to opinions is too biased.

The first emperor punished the autocratic power of illegal eunuchs and appointed all officials to be lenient. Ministers are used to this, arguing about the similarities and differences of opinions and ignoring the preparation of preventive measures. The enemy hit the suburbs of Beijing, but there was nothing they could do. The first emperor was angry, and the bad guys took the opportunity to guide him to adopt strict policies. As a result, more and more courtiers were used, and more local training was paid, which made the officials in the DPRK unable to save themselves, and the people below had no chance to live. The imperial court is brand-new, but the enemy is still strong, and the scourge of thieves is even greater. For more than a decade, the crackdown policy advocated by the villain is nothing more than this. Qin Shihuang himself later regretted it and adopted a lenient policy. As a result, everyone in the world thinks that peace can be achieved. Ministers began to be jealous again, cheating the first emperor at will, and the political atmosphere went from bad to worse, which once again triggered the anger of the first emperor. The first emperor was busy killing people, and then the country fell. Generally speaking, ministers' disobedience often takes advantage of the lenient policies of the former emperors; However, the strict policies of the former emperors often attracted the contempt of ministers. This is what I call the policy of combining leniency with severity.

"The difficulties of national destiny have now reached the extreme. However, the arguer just wants to be reasonable, that is, he doesn't look at the seriousness of the situation; I just like to express my opinion, regardless of the development of things. Every day in court, you argue with me and say nothing. The generals in the army had to accept their remote control of every move. They work alone, but they have a lot to talk about. Just like Sun Chuanting is going out to guard Guanzhong, people of insight say that he should not attack easily, but some people talk about his staying and watching. After the bandits crossed the Yellow River, I told Shi Kefa and Jiang to quickly withdraw the troops of Shanhaiguan and Ningyuanwei Wu Sangui, and Minister coalition cabinet met the bandits. When the first emperor summoned his ministers for questioning, his ministers also talked about this, but some people said it was abandoning territory. When banditry surged, some courtiers persuaded the first emperor to go south, and some persuaded the prince to start supervising the country in Nanjing. These were supposed to be good stopgap measures, but some people said it was nonsense. In hindsight, who doesn't hate those who say that they hurt the country? But if things don't fail by luck, everyone must admire the routines of these commentators. Generally speaking, nothing in the world is completely harmful and nothing is completely beneficial. Who dares to go against the crowd unless the parties are simple, honest and know everything? People who give advice are always arguing about the length of their emotions, and their writing is clever and clumsy. They must force others to listen to themselves. How to do this? What I said about listening to opinions is too biased, that's all.

"I request your majesty to study the mistakes of past state affairs as a reference for future political affairs, giving priority to tolerance and being strict with efficiency. Advocating simplicity and treating others sincerely is called leniency, while indulging in idleness and indulgence is not called leniency. Distinguishing between good and evil is called severity, but being picky and picky in every way is not called severity. The leniency and strictness of policies complement each other, and the way to listen to opinions will be appropriate. When hiring office officials, they will still be used after strict examination, but they will be successful and have a wider period of time. Don't let the deviant succeed with the help of the bad guys, so that the military talents in our country will be burned for a long time, pass strict examination when appointed, and then use him boldly with lenient policies. "

The Axe King wrote a letter praising and listening to his opinions.

The following year, Nanjing perished, and Yuanji went to Fujian to take refuge in the Tang King. In June, the Qing army occupied Nanchang, Yuanzhou, Linjiang and Ji 'an. A month later, they occupied Jianchang again. Ganzhou is the only one in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and its troops are very thin. Zhu Ciyan, the king of Yongning, surrendered to the thief and captured Fuzhou (his troops were called the Longwu New Army). Li Yongmao, the governor of Gannan, then ordered Xu Bida, the deputy governor, to guard Taihe and fight against the Qing army. After a few days of defeat, I retreated to Wan 'an, and I saw Yongmao. Yongmao then fled to Ganzhou.

In August, the traitor entered Wan 'an, the governor of Jiangxi was captured alive, and the magistrate Liang died. Yu Yun is from Jiangdu. In the sixteenth year of Chongzhen (1643), he was a scholar. At that time, the imperial edict of the Tang Dynasty had just arrived in Ganzhou, and Yongmao was in charge of the military with Yang and Yang. Soon, the Tang King recalled Yong Mao as the right assistant minister and asked Zhang Chaoyan to take his place. As soon as Yong Mao took office, he promoted Yuanji to the right assistant minister of the Ministry of War and the right deputy commander of the Ministry of War. He always led the troops in Jiangxi and Huguang, and recalled Chao Yuyan to let Tong Sheng take his place. When Yuanji arrived in Ganzhou, Tongsheng was already dead, so the court made Yuanji concurrently the governor of Jiangxi.

In March of the third year of Shunzhi (1646), Lin Ting went to the imperial court to see the Tang King, and Yuanji guarded Ji 'an for him. At first, in the last years of Chongzhen, the court ordered Zhang Tongchang, a Chinese official, to send troops to Yunnan. At this time, he came to Jiangxi, and both of them have been lost, so he returned to Ji' an. Lin Ting left them to guard the city together and treated them warmly. Their generals Zhao and Hu Yiqing made a lot of contributions, but Yuanji was very strict with them, and the generals in Yunnan gradually became unhappy. At that time, the Guangdong army also went to help. Zhang Anben, the general of the new army, is one of the four battalions of thieves between Tingzhou and Ganzhou. He is brave and good at fighting. After the surrender, he established the meritorious military service of recovering Fuzhou, and at the same time handed over the other three battalions of thieves. Yuanji thought that the new army was reliable enough to look down on the troops in Yunnan and Guangdong, so the two troops were divided. However, Zhang An's soldiers are thieves. When they lived in Ganzhou, they still raped women and robbed property. When they were sent to reinforce Huxi, all the places they passed were burned and robbed. At this time, the Qing army came to fight Ji' an, and other soldiers from all walks of life could not forget their homes and refused to fight. The new army is still in the west of the lake. So the troops in Ji 'an city collapsed without fighting and the city was laid down. Yuanji retreated to Zaokou and sent someone to give a lecture in Ganzhou, telling the story of the crime of Yunnan army fleeing from the city. Yunnan troops simply went west. In April, the Qing soldiers rushed to Zaokou, and Yuanji was unable to defend and hid in Ganzhou City. The Qing soldiers drove to Ganzhou at the gates. Wen Yang was recommended to go to Hunan. When he passed through Ganzhou, he went to the city to defend with everyone. Ganzhou city depends on him to a great extent. Wen Jian is Yuanji's favorite pupil.

Yuanji has always been very talented, smart and diligent. After the fall of Ji 'an, the soldiers disobeyed orders. He sat on the wall in a daze and said nothing to the generals. On the other side of the river, the Qing army barracks are all over the foothills. He said it was an empty camp. When soldiers or civilians escaped from the Qing army barracks, Yuanji accused them of being spies and beheaded them. Jiangxi Governor Liu Yuan ordered General Zhang Cong to lead troops to reinforce Hudong. When an emergency happened near Ganzhou, Sheng Yuan personally went out of the city to Du Xue to call Zhang Cong. People in Ganzhou said that "the governor's army has escaped", angrily burned the ship of Sheng Yuan's army and arrested his wife. Not long ago, he led Zhang Yan's troops back to the city, and Ganzhou talents regretted it very much. Zhang Yan's troops crossed the river. When they arrived in Merlin, they were ambushed and defeated. When they reached the river, many people died in the river for this boat. Sheng Yuan was very angry. He crossed the river on the first day of May and fought another battle. He took the lead and met a large number of troops to fight back. He was caught and fled back. The new army sent to Huxi before heard that Ji 'an was lost and returned to Du Yu. Lin Ting personally invited them to come and fight the Qing army in Meilin, and failed again. Lin Ting then evacuated the new army and came to the city to guard the city with Yuanji. Since the defeat of Sheng Yuan, reinforcements from all over the country have been afraid to go to war. On June 15, Lieutenant Wu led 5000 Guangdong soldiers to arrive, and the encirclement outside the city was gradually lifted. Soon, the city was surrounded, and the soldiers and civilians in Ganzhou persisted as always.

When the King of the Tang Dynasty heard that the periphery of Ganzhou could not be stopped, he rewarded and comforted the officers and men here, named the loyalty mansion of Ganzhou, named Yuanji as the history of the Ministry of War, recommended him as the right capital suggestion, and sent minister Guo Wei to support him. Wei Jing and Shi Yu Yao Qiyuan recruited 8000 people along the way. Wang Qilong of Yuanji led 4,000 troops, Zhao and Hu Yiqing led 3,000 troops in Yunnan. The university student Su sent so many people, and Ding Kuichu, the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, also sent 4,000, which was collected and dispersed, and gained thousands of people. These troops came to Ganzhou one after another and set up barracks outside the city. The general wants to fight, and Yuanji asks to attack together after the navy comes. At that time, Mr. Scheeren from Zhongshu came to recruit 3,000 Shabing soldiers, Gong Zhan from the official department and Li Suiqiu from the Ministry of War recruited 4,000 sailors, all of whom were stationed in Nan 'an and dared not come. Master Wang Qi said to Yuanji, "Admiral Luo Ming is a pirate, so he is cruel and difficult to control. Gong Zhan and Sui Qiu are as attentive to them as loving mothers are to their sons. Besides, the water is shallow now, and big ships can't sail. How can we come as scheduled? " Yuanji won't listen. In August, when the Qing army heard that the navy was coming, it set fire to the river at night and burned 80 big ships. Countless people died, but they fled back, and all the gunpowder and weapons on board were lost. So the troops of Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan fled without fighting, and other troops also fled a little. There are only more than 4,000 soldiers under Qilong and Weijing in Ganzhou City, and only 2,000 soldiers under the Navy are left outside the city. Xie Zhiliang, a soldier who participated in the war, did not come to the rescue for more than 10,000 soldiers in Du Yu. Lin Ting sent 8000 wolves from Guangxi to cross the mountains, but these wolves refused to go to the rescue. Just then, people were even more shocked and frightened when they heard that Tingzhou had been laid.

/kloc-at the beginning of October, the Qing soldiers boarded the city wall under the guidance of the guide, and the local militia still resisted street fighting. At dawn, a large number of troops arrived and Ganzhou City was finally shot down. Yuanji and Cheng * * * are both dead. Before that, Yuanji banned women from leaving the city gate. His family secretly put his concubine down from the wall and tried to escape. Yuanji sent someone to chase her back on horseback and beat her home, so no one in the city dared to escape. When the city falls, Yuanji will escort him out of the city. Yuanji sighed and said, "Say sorry to Ganzhou people for me!" I'm the one who killed the whole city. How can a person live? "So he committed suicide by drowning at the age of 44.

Wen Yang, a native of Jingshan, recommended himself. Born in Jinshi, he used to be a military attache. Ganzhou city fell, so he couldn't get sick. After being captured, he was sent to Nanchang. He starved to death without getting a grain of rice.