What city is the University Town?

As a phenomenon of higher education, "university town" first appeared in some countries with developed higher education, such as Britain and America. It usually refers to the continuous expansion of the university's own scale in the process of university development. Some universities gather together, and the surrounding university or university campus itself becomes a town with a certain scale, which is usually called "University Town". The Education Dictionary interprets "university town" as "a community built around a university". The population is generally 500-65438+million, which provides a good learning environment and convenient accommodation, transportation and other conditions for college students. Such as Polonia in Italy, Cambridge and Oxford in Britain, Tsukuba in Japan, etc. [1] The function of the university town is mainly to provide social security for the university's infrastructure and logistics system, and attract universities to run schools in the city through certain mechanisms. There are two main ways to form foreign university towns: one is naturally formed, such as Boston in the United States, Oxford and Cambridge in the United Kingdom, which are naturally formed after more than 100 years of history; The other is active construction, such as Missouri in the United States and Tsukuba University Town in Japan, which was jointly built by the state, local governments, universities and enterprises with the rapid development of higher education after World War II.

[Edit this paragraph] Chongqing University

In China, the construction of university town is another major project in the field of higher education after the merger and expansion of universities in the 1990s. In August, 2000, Langfang Oriental University Town kicked off, followed by Shanghai Songjiang, Beijing Changping and other university towns. In just two years, more than 50 university towns have been planned and built nationwide, involving 2 1 province and city. In 2002, the investment was 32.589 billion yuan, and the total campus building area reached14,369,700 square meters, accommodating 134 colleges and universities with 597,000 students. [2] Today, the construction of university towns is still surging, scrambling to make "big" articles, and a considerable part of them occupy cultivated land.

The reasons for the rapid rise of China University Town are: the premise of rejuvenating the country through science and education, the background of college enrollment expansion, and the great opportunity of accelerating urbanization. Compared with the traditional school-running mode, the university town has the characteristics of "government community management, * * * enjoyment of educational resources, municipal infrastructure, socialization of teachers and students' lives, and marketization of operating mechanism". Researchers generally believe that the construction of university town is conducive to "expanding the supply of higher education, promoting economic development, advancing the process of urbanization and improving the quality of running schools", creating an "intensive" development path and injecting vitality into the development of higher education in China. However, behind the "vigorous development" of university towns, there are also some problems, or there are huge hidden dangers for development. The fundamental reason is the dislocation of development values. If it is not repaired in time, it will evolve into a realistic "siege" and "big enclosure" movement, repeating the mistakes of building economic development zones in various places in previous years. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to understand the value dislocation of China University Town in theory and guide its restoration in practice.

First, the value dislocation of the construction of China University Town.

The so-called value dislocation means that the value orientation has left its original or proper position. In the construction and development of China University Town, there is a phenomenon of value dislocation, which is mainly manifested in three aspects: creative planning dislocation, development model dislocation and survival concept dislocation. Now described as follows:

(A) the emergence of planning dislocation

Planning is a comprehensive long-term development plan and blueprint for action. In the planning of China University Town, there are the following dislocations:

1, land use planning tends to be larger.

Some local governments lack proper argumentation on the necessity and basic conditions of university town construction, and are uncertain about the orientation of university town, so they are eager to achieve success. As a result, the university town is getting bigger and bigger. Langfang Oriental University Town covers an area of 6.7 square kilometers, Hunan Yuelu Mountain University Town covers an area of 44 square kilometers, and Henan Zhengzhou University Town and Hubei Huangjiahu University Town are both 50 square kilometers. The first phase of "Guangzhou University Town" which has been started covers an area of 17 square kilometers, and the second phase is planned to be 43 square kilometers. Nanjing Xianlin University Town has a planned area of 70 square kilometers. ...

Most provinces in China are building or planning to build university town projects, ranging from one or two to eight or nine, which integrate education, commerce, real estate and entertainment. There are more than 50 university towns in China, a considerable part of the construction land is cultivated land, and most of the land is allocated by administration, so the compensation for farmers' land acquisition is low. China is a big agricultural country, and land is the root of farmers. This large occupation of cultivated land is short-sighted and unsustainable. Just as Xiaoguwei Island, located in Panyu District, Guangzhou, is in full swing to build "China No.1 University Town", local residents said: "When planning the university town, it was said that houses could not go up the mountain and trees could not be cut down. Now that the top of the mountain has been leveled, I don't know how many trees have been cut down, and the ecology and climate of the island have been destroyed. This is the lung of Guangzhou!

② University Town, a city in eastern Missouri, USA, is a satellite residential city in St. Louis. The population is 42,000 (1980). Established on 1906. From 1905, it is the seat of Washington University, hence the name.

A Case Study of China Famous University Town;

& lturl & gt Guangzhou University Town

general situation

Guangzhou University Town is located in Xiaoguwei Island, Xinjian Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou and its southern bank area. It is a national first-class university park, a high-level talent training and scientific research exchange center in South China, a new urban area with integrated development of learning, research and production, and a university park adapted to the market economy system and Guangzhou's position as an international regional central city in the 2/kloc-0 century. The planned area of Guangzhou University Town is about 43.3 square kilometers, which can accommodate 6.5438+8,000-2,000 students, with a total population of 350,000-4,000 (including rural population), which is equivalent to a medium-sized city. It is estimated that the total investment will reach 20-30 billion yuan. The construction area of the first phase of Xiaoguwei Island is about 17.9 square kilometers, and it is stationed in ten efficient universities, namely: National Sun Yat-sen University, South China University of Technology, South China Normal University, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts and Xinghai Conservatory of Music. Among them, Guangdong University of Technology occupies the largest area, about 2,400 mu. As a high-level talent training base, leading scientific research base and cultural resort in Guangzhou, Guangzhou University Town can greatly promote the economic, technological and cultural development of Guangzhou. In September 2004, the first batch of about 45,000 college students took the lead in entering the university town. After September 2005, the number of students enrolled was 654.38 million. After the completion of the University Town in 2007, the planned total population is expected to reach 350,000, which is equivalent to a small and medium-sized city.

Shanghai Songjiang University Town

Songjiang University Town is located in the northwest corner of Shanghai Songjiang New Town, covering an area of about 8,000 mu. Songjiang University Park started construction at 200 1 and was basically completed in 2005, covering an area of about 7236 mu. By September 2005, seven planned universities, including Shanghai International Studies University, Donghua University, East China University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai Institute of Foreign Trade, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai Lixin Accounting College and Fudan University, Shanghai school of visual arts, had settled in. There are 80,000 students, more than 52,000 students and about 7,000 faculty members.

The construction of Songjiang University Town is an exploration and reform of Shanghai's innovative school-running model. It adopts a new mechanism and model under the market economy system: land is released in the region, bank loans are used for infrastructure, and universities enter the park by lease. The university town "changes the mechanism first, then enters the school", and several universities complement each other. Jointly build a university park without a "fence", form an integrated planning, resource sharing, logistics socialization and centralized management mode, improve the efficiency of running schools, revitalize teaching resources, promote the further expansion of higher education in Shanghai, and meet the growing educational needs of citizens.

Songjiang University Town is a university park without a "fence", which not only shows that there is no fence between schools, but also shows that all kinds of resources in the university town can be enjoyed.

According to the design idea of university town, libraries, gymnasiums and laboratories can be connected with each other in the future to realize the "one card" for teachers and students in university town and avoid the waste of resources caused by repeated investment; The logistics services of all schools are unified and socialized. * * * area logistics work, such as personnel recruitment, shop investment, etc., all by the city university service center and the city university logistics development center. Campus greening and maintenance work is contracted by enterprises through bidding, which frees the principal from complicated logistics affairs; Teachers from all schools can be employed by each other, and high-quality teachers can teach in several universities in turn to promote teachers' continuous improvement of teaching level; Students can enter the elective courses in any university according to their own needs, and the credits they have taken are recognized between schools.

The construction of Songjiang University Town provides a broad development space for entering the university. For example, the Institute of Foreign Trade, which covers an area of only 73 mu in the urban area, expanded by 700 mu after moving into Songjiang University Town.

Songjiang University Town implements highly intelligent management, and the whole university town is covered with network interfaces. If necessary, students from all over the city can attend the same class, and they can also visit the "virtual university town" without borders.

Chongqing University Town was established on April 4th, 2003 with the approval of Chongqing Municipal People's Government.

Chongqing University Town is located in Huxi Town and Chenjiaqiao Town in the west of Shapingba District, covering an area of 20 square kilometers. Backed by Jinyun Xiufeng, overlooking the beautiful scenery of Gele Mountain, it has flat terrain, lush trees and convenient transportation. It is planned to enter 6- 10 colleges and universities, with15-200,000 teachers and students. The university town emphasizes people-oriented, functional division and resource sharing. It mainly includes urban resource sharing area, university campus area, student residential area, teacher residential area and R&D centralized incubation area.

The construction concept of Chongqing University Town is "People give me a piece of land and I will give them a city back". The guiding ideology is "to build a first-class university town as soon as possible". After 2-3 years' efforts, Chongqing University Town will become a high-level talent training center, a scientific research and innovation center and an international scientific and technological education exchange center in the western region with beautiful ecological environment, rich cultural atmosphere, developed scientific and technological industries, perfect facilities and open modernization level.

Construction objectives and steps

Huang Zhendong, secretary of the Municipal Party Committee, Xing Yuanmin, deputy secretary of the Municipal Party Committee, Huang, executive deputy mayor of the Municipal Party Committee and other city leaders visited Chongqing University Town many times, demanding that Chongqing University Town be built into a leading university town in the west, first-class in China and internationally renowned. Goal: to build the western education highland and the national first-class university city.

The construction progress is implemented in three steps: by the end of 2005, 20,000-30,000 college students will be enrolled; In 2007, the function was basically completed; 20 10 has become a national first-class university city with certain international influence.

preferential policy

On May 3rd, 2003, KLOC-0, the first meeting of Chongqing University Construction Leading Group decided that only schools entering the university town can enjoy the following preferential policies. First, the municipal government decided to give preferential treatment to land, and the cultivated land reclamation fee was charged according to the standard of expressway reclamation fee; Second, the educational support and subsidies won by the Municipal Education Commission from the Ministry of Education can only be used for colleges and universities entering the university town; Third, the large-scale infrastructure in the university town needs a lot of money, and the settled schools can give special policy support in enrollment and fees; Fourth, the major investment groups in the city give the university town the biggest financial support.

Planning University Town with High Standards

In accordance with the requirements of building a "western leading and national first-class" Chongqing University Town, Shapingba District launched an online solicitation activity for the conceptual planning scheme of Chongqing University Town on May 8. At present, seven internationally renowned design companies, including Britain, Singapore and Hong Kong, have participated in the bidding activities of the conceptual planning scheme. The collection and review of conceptual planning ended on June 6, and three innovative and reasonable planning schemes were shortlisted for the next round of competition. At present, the conceptual planning and its integration scheme have passed the expert review, and the in-depth planning is being improved.

infrastructure construction

Shapingba District People's Government signed an agreement with Chongqing Real Estate Group to invest 6 billion yuan in infrastructure construction, demolition and resettlement, 100-meter science and technology landscape avenue construction, tunnel project from wellhead to landowner and other projects.

This year, with roads as the guide, the construction of three roads began. On June 18, we started the construction of the first phase project from Laijiaqiao to Huxi Science and Technology Landscape Avenue. In September, the construction of the main road in the inner ring of the university town from Huxi to Zengjia was started, and in June, the construction of the second ring expressway from Yi Baishi to Laijiaqiao was started. As the landscape traffic skeleton of Chongqing University Town, Science and Technology Landscape Avenue is planned as the first-class main road of the city, starting from Laijiaqiao in Xiyong Town, Sha District in the east and reaching Yangjiagou in Huxi Town in the west, with a total length of 9.48 kilometers and a width of 100 meter, which is the widest avenue in our city at present. The road consists of green belts, sidewalks, non-motor vehicle lanes and central green isolation belt.

Lishuwan Tunnel Project of Chongqing-Tunnel Expressway will be started before the end of June this year 1 1, and will be completed and opened to traffic in June 20051/. Infrastructure projects such as water, electricity, gas and telecommunications are also being stepped up.

New Town Construction in Western China

Shapingba District is adjacent to Bishan and Beibei in the west, and has a vast land of nearly 220 square kilometers in Fiona Fang. It governs eight towns, namely Xiyong, Tuzhu, Chen Jiaqiao, Huxi, Zengjia, Qingmuguan, Fenghuang and Huilongba, with a population of nearly 6.5438+0.8 million. Shapingba District seizes the opportunity of Chongqing University Town construction to develop a new city in the west. With the construction of Lishuwan Tunnel and Chongqing Second Ring Road of Yu-Sui Expressway, a new western city covering an area of 80- 100 square kilometers has been planned, forming five functional areas, namely: Chongqing University Town with 20 square kilometers; 10 square kilometers of tertiary industry service center and central business district; Xiyong Science and Technology Industrial Park 14 square kilometer supporting university town; Tuzhu Modern Logistics Park 15 square kilometers (including southwest railway marshalling station, Chongqing railway container network node station and its supporting storage area and processing industrial zone); 10 square kilometer tourist area (including artificial lake, golf course, fairy tale world theme park and egret reserve). In the near future, the western new city will be built into a modern science and education new city with beautiful environment, perfect functions and distinctive features, and become an important part of the expansion area of the main city of our city.

Introduction of Jimei University Town in Xiamen

Xiamen Jimei University Town to Xingbin Road, east to tianmashan and Expressway, north to Xiamen Zhang Quan Expressway, south to Jimei and Xinglin seawall, west and east to Xinglin and Jimei urban agglomerations respectively. The planned total land area is 3 1.32 square kilometers, and nearly 10 colleges and universities will be arranged with a total population of more than 200,000. At present, Xiamen University, Xiamen Institute of Technology, Wuhan University of Technology, Huaqiao University, Harbin Institute of Technology, Xiamen Institute of Information, Xiamen Workers' Technical College and other universities have taken the lead, as well as the Urban Environment Research Institute jointly established by Chinese Academy of Sciences and Xiamen Municipal Government. Jimei University Town inherits the cultural and educational spirit of Jimei Learning Village, which makes Jimei education more humanistic in colleges and universities. It is reported that Xiamen Vocational Center School and Xiamen Huaxia College will also be relocated to Jimei Campus in the second half of 2008. In addition, Xiamen also has a number of university gathering areas outside the island, such as Xiamen University Cultural and Educational Zone, Wuyuanwan Cultural and Educational Zone and Xiang 'an University Town.

Gansu Yuzhong University Town

Lanzhou Yuzhong University Town is closed. Now there are only two schools, Lanzhou University and Northwest University for Nationalities, separated by a high wall. All kinds of facilities are built in their own way, and there is no unified planning.

The construction of Lanzhou University Town is scattered, and there are too few channels for capital investment, and the planning lacks overall situation and long-term vision.