Excuse me: What problems should be paid attention to in the safety management of super high-rise buildings?

Problems and Countermeasures in Safety Management of Super High-rise Buildings

First, the problems existing in the safety management of super high-rise buildings

With the in-depth development of market economy, super-high-rise buildings, as one of the symbols of modern cities, have been widely used in China, bringing vitality and vitality to the economic development and commercial prosperity of cities. However, the safety hazards, fire hazards and fire crisis of super high-rise buildings have brought troubles and crises to the safety management of buildings, mainly in the following five aspects:

(1) The fire-fighting facilities and equipment of the building are not perfect, which weakens the fire-fighting safety capability of the building. Due to financial or technical constraints, some super-high-rise buildings built earlier have not installed security monitoring automation systems, and there are insufficient fire-fighting facilities, and automatic sprinkler systems, automatic fire alarm systems, and smoke control systems have not been set up as required; Evacuation signs and emergency lighting equipment in some places do not meet the requirements; Or although security monitoring and fire fighting facilities are set up, the maintenance system is not implemented and cannot be used normally.

(2) The lack of professionals restricts the safety management of super high-rise buildings. The management and maintenance of intelligent systems and equipment in super high-rise buildings can not be separated from "intelligent building management professionals". More and more property management companies, especially those that manage super-high-rise buildings, lack "intelligent building management professionals", and the shortage of intelligent building management professionals has become a prominent problem.

(3) There are misunderstandings about the safety management of super high-rise buildings, which have affected the development of safety management. Because the fire-fighting facilities and safety monitoring facilities of super high-rise buildings adopt advanced technology, managers and operators often feel too dependent, thinking that with advanced facilities, safety and fire prevention work can rest easy.

(four) do not seriously implement the responsibility system for fire safety. For example, some companies that manage super-high-rise buildings have not formulated fire safety management systems and emergency plans, and have not conducted fire safety training for employees. Even if some enterprises have basic safety systems and operating procedures, they still stay in dealing with inspections and making superficial articles, and have not really implemented them.

(5) Improper management leads to potential safety hazards. Due to the lack of corresponding regulatory measures, some super-high-rise buildings use building decoration materials that lack fire protection performance, which do not meet the technical standards for fire safety, and some places rebuild and expand without authorization, destroying the fire protection function of the original buildings; The phenomenon of crowding and blocking the fire safety passage is serious, and flammable items are piled up at will; Unprotected or overloaded power lines are randomly connected, which increases the fire crisis of these buildings.

Second, the main measures to be taken in the safety management of super high-rise buildings

1, strengthen daily maintenance and provide a strong guarantee for building safety.

In order to ensure the safety of super high-rise buildings, there must be complete safety and fire-fighting facilities. The level of building safety is related to the resources invested, which is also the relationship between safety and economy. Generally speaking, the higher the security level of property, the lower the opportunity cost of its security, otherwise it will increase, and the higher the security level of property, the higher the capital needed to be invested. Based on this understanding, building property management units must make up their minds and invest huge sums of money in the design, construction, installation and maintenance of security monitoring and fire protection projects. And ensure that these facilities are fully functional and always in a good and effective emergency state. Through strong technical force and advanced production equipment, all potential safety hazards will be reduced to the lowest point.

2, the whole chapter organizational system, all-round establishment of fire safety responsibility system.

First of all, it is necessary to scientifically divide the safety management responsibilities of all levels and departments, sign the Fire Safety Responsibility Form layer by layer, take responsibility step by step, refine the fire safety work to teams and employees, establish and improve the responsibility system, ensure the safety work in the management process is connected with each other, and avoid accidents. Secondly, it is necessary to grasp the key points, improve various rules and regulations, and revise and construct various fire safety systems and fire safety operating procedures in combination with the actual situation of the building, so that safety management can be followed. As the person in charge of safety management at all levels, we must put safety education and training in a prominent position, and do a good job in the four links of safety skills, safety operation, safety handover and safety inspection in different posts, so that all posts know what to do and what not to do to prevent accidents due to violations. Conduct pre-job safety training for all new employees, and they can only take up their posts after passing the examination. While paying attention to theoretical study, we should also pay attention to the actual operation of fire safety, improve the ability of employees to use fire-fighting facilities correctly and scientifically, and master the operating rules of fire-fighting equipment.

3. Strengthen publicity and education for owners and tenants.

In view of the complex personnel and large flow of super-high-rise building owners and tenants, the focus of fire accident prevention should be shifted from implementing mandatory rules and regulations to improving the fire prevention awareness of owners and tenants. Through various forms of educational activities, improve the fire prevention awareness of owners and tenants, and enhance their ability to prevent and avoid fires. At the same time, companies are required to strengthen safety and fire prevention education for employees to avoid accidents caused by carelessness. If you smoke in the office, you must have an ashtray. Don't put cigarette butts and ashes in the wastebasket, so as not to cause a fire. After work, check whether all power switches are turned off to prevent short circuit of power supply from causing fire.

4. Strengthen the safety supervision and management of owners and tenants.

In daily management, the owners and tenants are required to report the list of fire prevention responsible persons and managers to the safety management department for the record, so as to contact in case of emergency. The second decoration of foreign rental units shall be subject to strict declaration and approval system. If it is necessary to use naked fire, the person in charge of the construction unit must go to the Security Department to fill in the approval form for the use of naked fire, and the two sides will sign a public security fire safety agreement. The specific location of the required hot floor, hot work type, operator's license number and operation license number can be verified by the Security Department and the Engineering Department before using naked fire.

5, improve the crisis awareness of property management services, establish and improve the handling mechanism of various emergencies.

Taking a large office building as an example, the following emergency plans must be made: a, fire emergency treatment plan; B, typhoon emergency plan; C, poisoning emergency plan; D, public security and accident emergency plan; E. emergency plan for epidemic situation; F. Emergency plan for robbery; G, emergency plan to prevent suspicious explosives. In order to improve the fire escape and self-rescue awareness of building operators, test the organization, coordination and support ability of building management office to deal with various emergencies, and the rationality and feasibility of related facilities, equipment and various emergency treatment schemes, large-scale fire drills, anti-terrorism drills and drills to deal with various emergency procedures should be conducted regularly. Through the drill, not only can the property management company take the initiative to find problems and rectify them in time, but also can enhance the safety awareness of all employees in the building, so that employees and residents of all units can better grasp the common sense of fire fighting and emergency evacuation, improve the ability of fire prevention and safety self-help in detail, and make the fire safety management of the building present a gratifying situation of "company management, business clearance and * * *".

Third, dialectically understand the safety of super high-rise buildings.

At present, the intelligent management of super-high-rise buildings in Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen is not inferior to the internationally renowned super-high-rise buildings. At the same time, laws and regulations such as "Intelligent Building Design Standard" and "Intelligent Building System Management Regulations" have been promulgated in various places, which greatly strengthened the safety precautions of intelligent super-high-rise buildings.

On the one hand, we should fully realize the seriousness of safety problems and hidden dangers of super high-rise buildings. Due to the characteristics of super-high-rise buildings and the limitation of technical means such as construction and fire protection, there is no good policy to ensure fire safety at present, and the whole society should pay close attention to the safety of super-high-rise buildings. On the other hand, no matter fire safety management units, building managers or academic circles, they should not exaggerate the safety problems of super-high-rise buildings and "talk about it".