What is the difference between an ID card and an IC card?

The difference between ID card and IC card

ID card: It is a kind of radio frequency card. There is a card number after leaving the factory. The card number of each card is different. The card number is fixed and cannot be encrypted or deleted.

IC card: It is also a kind of radio frequency card. After delivery, the card number is 00000. Every card is the same. You must write down the card number and name before using it. The IC card has a capacity of 8K bits, the data retention period is 10 year, it can be rewritten 65438+ million times, and it can be read indefinitely. Card M 1(IC) has no power supply, antenna, encryption control logic circuit and communication logic circuit. The communication between the card and the reader adopts the internationally accepted DES and RES secret crossover algorithm, which has extremely high security performance.

At present, many developers who build intelligent residential areas or buildings have to take the one-card project, but there are still great doubts and misunderstandings about whether the one-card project uses IC cards or ID cards. Here are two major differences between these two cards to help you get out of the misunderstanding. I. Definition of IC card and ID card The full name of IC card is integrated circuit card, also known as smart card. Read and write, large capacity, encryption function, reliable data recording, more convenient to use, such as all-in-one card system, consumer system, etc. At present, there are mainly Philips Mifare series cards. The full name of ID card is IdentificationCard, which is an unwritten induction card with a fixed number. There are mainly the EM format of SYRIS in Taiwan Province Province, and various ID cards such as HID, TI and Motorola in the United States. Second, why should the IC card be initialized (that is, encrypted) and the ID card not be used? 1. When using IC card, it is necessary to pass the unique two-way key authentication between IC card and reader, so as to carry out related work, thus making the whole system extremely safe. Therefore, it is necessary to initialize (that is, encrypt) the IC card from the factory, so as to generate an unbreakable key of the one-card system in the IC card from the factory, thus ensuring the safe distribution mechanism of the one-card system. 2. After the IC card is initialized and encrypted, when it is handed over to the user, the customer issues the system through the IC card, and each user card generates its own special key for the system. This ensures that the user cards issued in other user systems cannot be used in this system, ensures the specificity of the system, and thus ensures the safe use mechanism of the system. 3. Identity cards, like magnetic cards, only use the "card number". Except for the card number, there is no security function in the card, and its "card number" is open and naked. Therefore, the ID card is an "inductive magnetic card", and there is no question of whether it needs to be initialized. Three. Comparison between IC card system and ID card system 1. Security: IC cards are much safer than ID cards. The card number in the ID card can be read without any authority, so it is easy to copy. The reading and writing of the data recorded in the IC card requires corresponding password authentication, and even each area in the card has different password protection, which fully guarantees the data security. The passwords for writing data and reading data in IC card can be set differently, which provides a good hierarchical management method and ensures the security of the system. 2. Recordability: ID card can't write data, and its recorded content (card number) can only be written once by the chip manufacturer. Developers can only read the card number and use it, and it is impossible to formulate a new number management system according to the actual needs of the system. IC card can not only be read by authorized users, but also be written with a large amount of data (such as new card number, user rights, user data, etc.). ) by authorized users, the contents recorded in the IC card can be erased repeatedly. 3. Storage capacity: the ID card only records the card number; And IC cards (such as Philips MiCare1card) can record about 1000 characters. 4. Offline and online operation: Because there is no content in the ID card, the cardholder's authority and system function operation depend entirely on the support of the database of the computer network platform. The IC card itself records a lot of user-related information (card number, user data, authority, consumption balance, etc.), which can run completely out of the computer platform, realize the automatic conversion between online and offline, and meet the needs of extensive use and less wiring. 5. Extended application of all-in-one card: because the ID card has no record and no partition, it can only rely on network software to process the information of each subsystem, which greatly increases the dependence on the network; If users want to add function points after the ID card system is completed, they need extra wiring, which not only increases the difficulty of engineering construction, but also increases unnecessary investment. Therefore, it is difficult to realize the expansion of the system and the real one-card system by using the ID card. The IC card storage area itself is divided into 16 partitions, each partition has a different password, and has independent management functions of multiple subsystems, such as the first partition realizes access control, the second partition realizes consumption, and the third partition realizes employee attendance. The purpose of all-in-one card can be realized completely, and the design can be modularized completely. Even if users want to add function points, they don't need to re-wire, only need to add software and hardware modules, which is convenient for IC card system to upgrade and expand at any time in the future, realize smooth upgrade and reduce repeated investment. For example, a community in Shenzhen has established an ID card system. However, due to the above shortcomings of the ID card system, the system can not be put into daily use, so we can only completely abolish the system and then adopt the IC card one-card system. 6. There are two conclusions in the one-card industry: the ID card cannot be made into a one-card card (as mentioned above), and the ID card cannot be used for consumption; The biggest reason why ID cards can't be used for consumption is the problem of "credit". Because the ID card has no key security authentication mechanism, it can't be written, the consumption data and amount can only be stored in the database of the computer, and the computer is managed by the property management personnel, so there is room for cheating in theory and mechanism. In addition, if the consumption data crashes due to computer problems, the consequences will be unimaginable. Therefore, it is impossible for consumers to recognize the authority (that is, credit) of the ID card for community management. Too many money disputes can only make the ID card consumption system unusable. The ic card consumption system, because of its high reliability, unbreakable compliance with ISO900 1 international security authentication mechanism, and mainly because "electronic money", that is, IC cards are in the hands of users, and every consumption amount is "mastered" by users themselves, so the IC card consumption system is a very "credit" consumption system. Of course, in the networked state, there is still data in the computer that is consistent with the user's IC card. For the system, this also realizes double security data distribution. Conclusion IC card can integrate complex key authentication and identity authentication logic, and will definitely replace the previous magnetic card and ID card (namely inductive "magnetic card"). Due to the inherent defects of ID card system, such as no key authentication, unreadable, and completely relying on network operation, it can no longer meet the growing demand for smart one-card in today's residential property, and will inevitably be eliminated as a transitional product like a well-known magnetic card. The process of eliminating ID cards is bound to be accompanied by the vigorous development of smart IC cards!