How do property companies set up accounting subjects?

According to the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises, the accounting subjects of property companies are divided into four categories: assets, liabilities, owners' equity and cost gains and losses. Here are some common examples:

I. Asset subjects

1. Current assets, such as cash on hand, bank deposits, accounts receivable and other accounts receivable.

Among them, the advance accounts accounting enterprise receives the money from the relevant units and individuals according to the contract. For example, companies that collect less accounts, such as the public service fees provided by enterprises for property users, such as the maintenance and greening of public facilities, can also directly credit the money received in advance to accounts receivable.

2. Non-current assets, such as fixed assets and engineering materials.

Among them, the engineering material accounting enterprise bears all expenses incurred by the property project. The expenses incurred in the renovation of management houses and commercial houses provided by enterprise owners or users are also accounted for in this account.

The expenses incurred in the renovation and construction of the house undertaken by the enterprise shall be debited to this account and credited to such subjects as "bank deposit" and "inventory materials".

Two. Liabilities account

Such as accounts received in advance, wages payable to employees, other payables and taxes payable.

Among them, other accounts payable accounts can be set for the collected funds, and the amount that the accounting enterprise should pay to the relevant units due to the collection and payment of related expenses, such as the collected water and electricity. Gas fee, cable TV fee, telephone fee, etc. The rent charged by the enterprise on behalf of the property owner is also accounted for in this account.

This account accounts for the amount payable and temporarily received by enterprises from other units or individuals, such as the deposit collected by enterprises from property owners and users, and is used for expenses such as damage, repair and safety that may occur due to decoration when property owners and users move in or prepare for decoration after moving in.

Three. Profit and loss account

Such as main business income, main business cost, management expenses, sales expenses, etc.

Among them, operating income is set as the main business income account. This course accounts for the income obtained by enterprises in providing maintenance, management and services for property owners and users in property management activities.

In addition, operating costs set the main business cost subjects. This course accounts for the operating costs of enterprise property management, property management and property overhaul. The salaries, bonuses, employee welfare expenses, fixed assets and repair expenses of management personnel incurred in the operation are included in the "management expenses" subject.

Four, the owner's equity subjects

Such as paid-in capital, profits this year, surplus reserves, etc.

Paid-in capital refers to the capital actually invested by investors in enterprises for business activities, which is manifested in various property materials, state, collective, individual and legal person capital. This course accounts for the registered capital received when the enterprise is established.

Extended data:

Accounting subjects are the basis for compiling accounting vouchers. In China, accounting vouchers are the basis for determining which accounting subjects should be recorded in economic business, and also for registering different types of account books.

Accounting subject setting refers to the accounting subject system established by enterprises, institutions and other units on the basis of accounting subjects stipulated by the state. The specific contents include: determining the number, grade and name of the accounting subjects used, as well as the specific contents of each accounting subject, the methods and requirements of recording and accounting, and the relationship between subjects.

The setting of accounting subjects is the first step of accounting work. Accounting subjects provide preconditions for cost calculation and property inspection. Through the setting of accounting subjects, it is helpful to cost accounting and make cost calculation possible; By checking the book records with the actual balance, it provides the necessary conditions for property inspection and ensures that the accounts are consistent with the facts.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Accounting Subject Setting

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-accounting subjects