What kind of place is Shiyan?

Shiyan has a vast territory, complex terrain and rich biological resources in the north and south. * * * There are more than 3,000 species of animals and plants, which is one of the areas with rich biological resources in Hubei Province. (1) Plant Resources According to the investigation of 1989, there are 337 genera13 families 1470 species of wild woody plants in the city, including 702 species of trees, 644 species of shrubs and 24 species of vines/kloc-0. Among the plant resources, there are 8 rare varieties, which are listed as national key protection. There are three kinds of Davidia involucrata, Taiwania flousiana and Metasequoia glyptostroboides protected at the national level. Metasequoia is rare in the world and is called "living fossil"; Ginkgo biloba, Eucommia ulmoides, etc 15 species. And bamboo sun. There are 2/kloc-0 species of hazelnut, wingceltis tatarinowii and gastrodia elata. Forest accumulation and more dominant tree species are another feature of plant resources in this city. The existing stock in the city is 1995,186.96 million cubic meters, and there are more than 40 dominant tree species, the most prominent of which is FAGACEAE, that is, oak resources. Among them, Auricularia auricula is the traditional backbone lint product produced by oak resources in this city, and its output and quality are absolutely dominant in the whole province. (2) Animal resources Shiyan City is rich in animal resources. There are more than 100 species of terrestrial wildlife under national and provincial protection, including 6/kloc-0 species under national protection and 58 species under Hubei protection. There are 14 species of South China tiger, golden monkey, sika deer and white crane under first-class protection, and 650 species of macaque, hairy-crowned deer and red-bellied pheasant under second-class protection. Another kind of animal resources is aquatic animals, with 92 species, including a large number of common fish, mammals, aquatic animals and amphibians, such as mink and giant salamander, which are rare in inland waters. Very precious exotic fish species, such as five-color fish, scaly shovel well fish and so on. Many species such as giant salamander and mink are aquatic animals protected by the state. On the other hand, animal resources are abundant, with a large number of beneficial insects, birds and animals. According to the preliminary investigation, * * * has 343 species of 7 1 family, and the domestic animal resources are also very rich, and * * * has 83 species of 6 families. Mouth yellow cattle, one of the six fine varieties in China, White black-bone chicken with high nutritional value, especially medicinal value, and Matou goat with fast growth, large size and delicious meat are typical representatives of improving livestock and poultry. (3) Medicinal biological resources Chinese herbal medicine is a great advantage of Shiyan biological resources. According to 1986 national survey of Chinese herbal medicine resources, there are 250 families 1360 species of medicinal organisms in this city. Among them, 178 species, 12 1 1 species. There are 72 families 128 species of animals and 2/kloc-0 species of minerals, with a total reserve of 550,000 tons. Among the 363 key varieties specified by the state, there are 235 species in this city, accounting for 64.7%, which is one of the key medicinal materials producing areas in China. There are more than 20 kinds of precious medicinal materials such as golden hairpin, musk, bear bile and gastrodia elata. More than 0/00 kinds of authentic Chinese medicinal materials such as jujube kernel, Schisandra chinensis and papaya. Shiyan city is rich in mineral resources. How to transform resource advantages into economic advantages is an important topic in the development and construction of Shiyan. The proven mineral resources are turquoise, gold, silver, stone coal, rare earth, steel, iron, tin, vanadium, antimony, lead, zinc, marble, asbestos, iron, phosphorus, barite, celestite and porcelain clay. According to the geological department, there are 38 deposits in 7 categories available for development and utilization. Among them, gold, silver, antimony, stone coal, rare earth, turquoise and other minerals attract attention. Yindonggou Hubei Silver Mine in Zhushan County is one of the main producing areas of gold and silver in this province. It is one of the eight largest gold and silver mines in China. The turquoise produced in Shiyan area is famous at home and abroad. Its color is like jade, and its texture is delicate. Precious turquoise is one of the rare jade in the world. The statue of Li Shizhen, a doctor of the Ming Dynasty, displayed in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, is made of clouds and stones. Natural currency gold and silver: The city is rich in gold and silver deposits, mainly distributed in Yunxian, Zhushan and Hanjiang. Hubei Silver Mine is located in the north of Zhushan County, with a total reserve of 929 tons of silver and 9.5 tons of gold, which is a large silver mine in China. The fifth geological brigade of Hubei Province also found silver and gold deposits in the Donghe River in Baoxia, Yunxian County, with a reserve not lower than that of Hubei silver deposit in Zhushan County. Placer gold resources are mainly distributed along the Han River, especially in Yunxian County, along Wufeng, Ancheng, Qingqu, Liaowa, Chengguan, Qingshan, Chadian and Western Regions of the Han River. Therefore, Yunxian county is known as the "hometown of gold", with an annual gold mining output of nearly 2000. There is a record in the literature of Tang and Song Dynasties that "gold mining is very prosperous on both sides of the Hanjiang River". Mineral blue asbestos: It is a rare mineral in China and even in the world. Yunxian asbestos mine is the only blue asbestos mine in Hubei Province, with large reserves and high quality. The reserves of Xiyu and Yuanshan mining areas alone exceed 1000 tons, and the annual mining capacity is only 30-50 tons. Best-selling in chemical, textile and other industries. Exported to Japan, North Korea, Russia, Czechoslovakia and other countries. Composite materials made of blue asbestos, epoxy resin and phenolic resin are used in aircraft, radar, missiles, aerospace and other industrial sectors. Barite: Barite ore has been proved at present, mainly distributed in Yunxi and Zhushan counties. Yunxi county reserves 1 10000 tons, and the grade is as high as 12.5% ~ 99.5%. Zhushan county has a reserve of more than 300,000 tons. The white pigment lithopone produced by using barite in Yunxi County sells well in more than ten countries and regions in Europe, Asia and America. In recent years, the geological department has discovered abundant barite ore in Tianbao Township, Zhuxi County, with a grade of over 80%, which needs to be developed and utilized. Barite is often used in drilling, chemical industry, rubber, ceramics, glass, paper making, medicine, radio and other industries. Mineral water: Hot spring mine comes from Qingfeng fault zone, including Wenquan Temple, Little Tang Chi and Qijiagou. It is rich in water, crystal clear in water quality, pure in taste and good in physical properties. Fangxian hot spring water is a kind of high-quality natural mineral water, which contains 10 kinds of trace elements and gases needed by human body. In recent years, Fangxian government has taken measures to set up a mineral water development company to produce series of mineral water drinks such as Gynostemma pentaphyllum, Shennong, mineral water and yellow wine. The products sell well to more than 30 users in Beijing, Guangzhou and Henan, and are well received by consumers, and won the 1988 Consumer Satisfaction Award. Fangxian county has built a valuable fish farm of 100 mu with hot spring water, and also built a spa sanatorium with more than 200 beds. Stone coal: Resources have certain mining value. After extensive investigation by the geological department, 269 resources have been proved, and the coal reserves have been initially proved to be more than 2.04 billion tons, of which the 17 reserves approved by the Hubei Provincial Reserve Committee are 259 million tons. The coal quality of Guangshiyan Coal Mine in Zhuxi County is good, with a reserve of 3.58 million tons and an average calorific value of 4,937 kcal/kg. The reserves of stone coal in Zhushan County are about 300 million tons, and the calorific value is between1500-3,500 kcal/kg, all of which belong to high ash, high sulfur and fusible ash coal seams. Coal also contains many rare elements such as germanium, gallium, uranium and vanadium, especially vanadium, which is suitable for large-scale industrial production and comprehensive utilization. Shiyan stone coal reserves more than 2 billion tons. If the industrial and domestic boilers in urban areas are changed into boiling boilers, the coal chemical industry will be re-developed with self-produced stone coal. The comprehensive development and utilization of stone coal not only increases the way for people in mountainous areas to get rich, but also solves the problem of fuel coal and develops industrial categories. Kaolin: It is distributed in Liangshui River and Xijiadian in danjiangkou city, and the ore belt is 40 kilometers long. 1975, with an annual output of 1500 tons. After 1983, the Japanese visited the mining area twice and determined that danjiangkou city kaolin was comparable to similar mines in Belgium, with high mining value. Kaolin is a water-containing aluminosilicate mixture composed of various minerals, with strong plasticity, high fire resistance, good insulation and stable chemical properties. It is a white hard object after baking. It can be used in the production of ceramics, electric porcelain and enamel, and can also be used as auxiliary raw materials in medicine, food, chemical industry, paper making and other industries. Editor's Note: Shiyan City is one of the areas with the richest hydropower resources in Hubei Province, with steep slopes, criss-crossing rivers, large drop and fast-flowing water. The theoretical reserves of hydropower resources in the city reach more than 5 million kilowatts, accounting for a quarter of the total reserves in Hubei Province. Among them, 3.5 million kilowatts can be developed and utilized in the near future, accounting for more than 10% of the exploitable hydropower resources in Hubei Province. If calculated according to the existing population, the per capita possession of exploitable hydropower resources is more than 1 10,000 kilowatts, which is more than 5,000 kilowatts in the province. Dujiang River is the river with the largest hydropower resources in Shiyan City, which can develop hydropower resources of 654.38+0.45 million kilowatts. The main stream of Hanjiang River is the second, which can develop hydropower resources of 6.5438+0.3 million kilowatts; South River, Tianhe River, Taohe River and other rivers can develop hydropower resources of 750,000 kilowatts. Water Resources Shiyan City is rich in water resources, with a total amount of 38.666 billion cubic meters, of which the average transit passenger water for many years is 28.599 billion cubic meters, and the city's self-produced water is 65.438+00067 billion cubic meters. The average annual precipitation in the city is 2 1.454 million cubic meters. It is an important source of urban water resources. The annual runoff of surface water in this city is 9.069 billion cubic meters, accounting for more than 9% of the total land flow path in Hubei Province. There are many rivers in Shiyan city, with 2489 rivers. Dujiang River is the largest river in Shiyan City, with a total length of 338.6 kilometers and a rain-fed area of 1, 243,654,38+0 square kilometers, which is second only to Yu Qingjiang among the small and medium-sized rivers in Hubei Province. The average inflow for many years is 6.06 billion cubic meters, which is the main water source for workers and peasants' production and residents' life in Shiyan City. Hanjiang River is a transit river in Shiyan City, which flows through Yunxi, Yunxian and danjiangkou city, with a transit length of 2 16 km, and the average water flow into Danjiangkou Reservoir is 26.2 billion cubic meters. The stored Hanshui River is converted into huge electric energy and sent to Central China to irrigate 3.5 million mu of fertile land in Hubei and Henan provinces. Due to the delicate water quality and less pollution of Danjiangkou Reservoir, the country has chosen the middle route scheme for the cross-century South-to-North Water Transfer Project. Shiyan City is poor in groundwater, with an average annual flow of 998 million cubic meters. The quality of mountain spring water is very good. For example, the "Shenlong Mineral Water" in Fangxian County is very popular in the market because it contains dozens of trace elements such as strontium, lithium, radon and selenium.