Japanese occupation period?

1. In the early days of the political Japanese occupation, Sakai Takashi issued a * * * order, and the Japanese issued an administrative order at the Peninsula Hotel in Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon. Japanese army (including political department, civil affairs department, economic department, legal department and military department, etc.). ) made strict laws and established * * * to govern the people of China and Hongkong. * * * More than 7,000 prisoners of war (including British soldiers and citizens) were held in the prison camps in Sham Shui Po and Stanley. Prisoners of war endured hunger and disease. At the same time, the Japanese * * * blocked the Victoria Harbour and took control of the warehouses by the sea. 1942 65438+ 10, the police made up of Indians and Hongkong people in China were called up to become the gendarmerie. The Japanese Gendarmerie divided the police stations in China and Hong Kong into five districts, namely East China and Hong Kong, West China and Hong Kong, Kowloon, New Territories and Marine Police. Headquartered in the former French diplomatic mission building in Central, Hong Kong Island, China (now the Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal in China). 1942 On February 20th, the "occupied territory of China and Hong Kong" [1] was formally established, and Lieutenant General Bagu became the governor of Hong Kong, China, ending the military * * * period. * * * Headquartered in the headquarters building of Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation of China in the middle of Hong Kong Island in China, Peninsula Hotel was changed to the military headquarters. The Governor's Office of the occupied territory of China and Hong Kong became the highest administrative organ of China and Hong Kong at that time, and it was also one of the institutions directly under the Japanese wartime cabinet. At that time, the status of China and Hong Kong was equal to that of Taiwan Province Province and North Korea, so the Japanese did not organize puppet "autonomy" in China and Hong Kong. The Japanese occupy most important positions in the new * * * (including the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Communications, the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the Reporting Department, the Management Department and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs), while the China people can only hold some middle and low-level positions. However, in order to achieve the goal of "controlling China with China", China People's Congress and China People's Association have been established, which are functionally equivalent to the Legislative Council and the Executive Council. Under Japanese control, 1942 in March, the Ministry of Civil Affairs established the basic administrative regional structure, and divided China Hong Kong Island into 12, Kowloon into 9 and New Territories into 7. Each district has a district detention center, and a China person is appointed as the director to manage the affairs in the district and represent the needs of citizens in the district. This administrative structure was redesigned under the rule of Yasuke Ishiguro, which laid the foundation for the future development of governance in China and Hongkong. In addition, the "resident card" issued by the occupied area to Hong Kong people in China is the first identity document of China and Hong Kong. During the Japanese economic occupation, many major factories were seized by the Japanese, from vendors to banks. Many companies have closed down, and rice, sugar, noodles and oil are in short supply and need to be rationed. The shortage of fuel and American bombing paralyzed public transportation. People in the shipbuilding and construction industries are homeless. In agriculture, Japan has built cultivated land at Fanling Airport and Shigang Airport in Jintian, New Territories, and plans to reclaim land in Tolo Harbour. In order to enhance Japanese influence in mainland China and Hongkong, foreign banks such as HSBC, Standard Chartered Bank and Banco Italia were liquidated, and bankers from Britain, the United States and the Netherlands were forced to stay in small hotels. Two Japanese banks, Yokohama Zheng Jin Bank and Taiwan Bank, reopened in mainland China and Hongkong, and Japanese banks issued debts to foreign banks. zh。 * * */wiki/% E9 % A6 % 99% E6 % B8 % AF % E6 % 97% A5 % E6 % B2 % BB % E6 % 99% 82% E6 % 9C % 9F # . e 8 . 83 . 8c . e 6.99 . AF

Back to school policy. Photo reference: upload.wikimedia/ * * */MONS/thumb/7/78/HK _ POPULATION _ IN _ JPO/250PX-HK _ POPULATION _ IN _ JPO Due to the shortage of food, in order to alleviate the population pressure, during the occupation period, Japan implemented the policy of returning home, forcing a large number of citizens to return home and forcing them to be deported to Chinese mainland. 1June, 942, the "Steering Committee for Returning Home" set up by the Ministry of Civil Affairs of the occupied territories arranged trains and ships to force citizens to leave Hong Kong every month. But these means of transportation only send people abroad, and everyone has to take care of themselves on the way home after leaving the country. More people can't afford the trip and have to walk home. At that time, due to the fall of China and Hong Kong, the market was short of food and life was difficult, so many Hong Kong people chose to leave Hong Kong and return to their hometown. In June 5438+February of the same year, 600,000 citizens left Hong Kong, many of whom were dispersed on the way, or forced to abandon their children and the elderly, or died of starvation on the way, and countless people were looted on the way. Later, the gendarmerie even arrested people in the street and forcibly escorted them out of the country. Results 1945, the population of China decreased from 194 1 to 600,000. Destroy facilities Japan reorganized its private property. Because of the expansion of Kai Tak Airport, they destroyed Kowloon Walled City and Songwangtai in Kowloon City. Many famous buildings such as Huaren College, Diocesan Boys' College, Central Yingtong School (now King George V School), St. Paul's Girls' Middle School (now St. Paul's Boys' and Girls' Middle School) and Lassa College of China were forcibly recruited as Japanese hospitals. The parish boys' school is even rumoured to be the place where beheadings are carried out in Japan. In addition, the bronze statue of the Queen of England in the Statue Square was demolished, and a stone tablet was erected at the original site, announcing that China and Hongkong had been occupied by the Japanese army. From February 65438 to February 0942, Japan began to build the Zhong Ling Tower on the top of Cameron Mountain in Hong Kong Island, China, to commemorate the Japanese soldiers who died in the war and make it a landmark in Hong Kong, China. At that time, many vehicles in China and Hongkong were destroyed by the war. The Japanese authorities have not collected buses, taxis and trucks all over China and Hong Kong, many of which have become military supplies, and the rest of the vehicles have been allocated to the "China-Hong Kong Automobile Transport Association" established in Japan to provide limited public transport services. Starting from 1942, China-Hong Kong tramway, Peak tramway and Star Ferry have been put into limited service. The Kowloon-Canton Railway also resumed operation at 1943. Due to the serious shortage of fuel, public transport often stops running. Bicycles and tricycles for passengers and trolleys for two to six people made of cargo trolleys with seats and ceilings have appeared on Hong Kong Island in China, traveling along the tram route from West District to Causeway Bay. However, in Kowloon Peninsula, there are already carriages as public transport, walking along Nathan Road. Hunger Under the rule of Japan, people lived a hard life and didn't have enough food supply. Since 1942, Japan has been rationing daily necessities such as rice, oil, flour, salt and sugar. Every family has a rationing license, and each person can only buy six or four thousand pieces of white rice every day [2]. Because there is no other adequate food, there are obviously 64 fewer white rice. So many people can only barely satisfy their hunger with leaves, roots, sweet potato vines, cassava flour or peanut bran. Later, white rice was also scarce, and Japanese radish was rationed as food. Because of the increasing shortage of food, the Japanese rationing system was abolished in 1944 and replaced by free trade, but more citizens starved to death because they could not bear the crazy expansion of food prices, and even the vomit of the Japanese army was robbed of food in the street after drunkenness. . . . .

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Destroy facilities Japan reorganized its private property. Because of the expansion of Kai Tak Airport, they destroyed Kowloon Walled City and Songwangtai in Kowloon City. Many famous buildings such as Huaren College, Diocesan Boys' College, Central Yingtong School (now King George V School), St. Paul's Girls' Middle School (now St. Paul's Boys' and Girls' Middle School) and Lassa College of China were forcibly recruited as Japanese hospitals. The parish boys' school is even rumoured to be the place where beheadings are carried out in Japan. In addition, the bronze statue of the Queen of England in the Statue Square was demolished, and a stone tablet was erected at the original site, announcing that China and Hongkong had been occupied by the Japanese army. From February 65438 to February 0942, Japan began to build the Zhong Ling Tower on the top of Cameron Mountain in Hong Kong Island, China, to commemorate the Japanese soldiers who died in the war and make it a landmark in Hong Kong, China. At that time, many vehicles in China and Hongkong were destroyed by the war. The Japanese authorities have not collected buses, taxis and trucks from all over China and Hongkong, many of which have become military supplies. The rest of the vehicles are allocated to the "China-Hongkong Automobile Transportation Association" established by the Japanese side to provide limited public transport services. Starting from 1942, China-Hong Kong tramway, Peak tramway and Star Ferry have been put into limited service. The Kowloon-Canton Railway also resumed operation at 1943. Due to the serious shortage of fuel, public transport often stops running. Bicycles and tricycles carrying passengers, as well as trolleys with canopies for 2 to 6 people, appeared on Hong Kong Island in China, walking along the tram route from the Western District to Causeway Bay. In Kowloon Peninsula, there are already carriages as public transport, walking along Nathan Road. Hunger Under the rule of Japan, people lived a hard life and didn't have enough food supply. Since 1942, Japan has been rationing daily necessities such as rice, oil, flour, salt and sugar. Every family has a ration permit, and each person can only buy six or four [2] pieces of white rice every day. Because there is no other adequate food, there are obviously 64 fewer white rice. So many people can only barely satisfy their hunger with leaves, roots, sweet potato vines, cassava flour or peanut bran. Later, white rice was also scarce, and Japanese radish was rationed as food. Because of the increasing shortage of food, the Japanese rationing system was abolished in 1944 and replaced by free trade, but more citizens starved to death because they could not bear the crazy expansion of food prices, and even the vomit of the Japanese army was robbed of food in the street after drunkenness. During the Japanese occupation, people in China and Hongkong often starved to death, and even cannibalism occurred. There are often skin and bones in the street. Even so, the thighs of abandoned bodies are often cut off. Newspapers also reported that women cooked abandoned babies. At that time, it was widely rumored in the market that some restaurants used human flesh for meat packages, because it was impossible to buy enough meat in the market. In addition, the oral history project of the University of Hong Kong in China recorded the memories of some citizens, which means that objects similar to children's fingers were found in sausages during the Japanese occupation period. Because there is no imported firewood and there is a shortage of materials, citizens have to use furniture instead of firewood. However, in the later period, due to the particularly cold winters in those years, the public's demand for lighting fire increased, and some unguarded buildings, such as the school buildings of China University of Hong Kong and Ren Huang College [3], were robbed of carpentry, and all the trees on Lion Mountain were cut down. Because fuel is munitions, it is also very tight and can only provide limited electricity. For example, 1943, the Governor's Office ordered the lights to be turned on only from 20: 00 to 23: 00. Due to the need of power generation, the water supply is still very tight, even during the Japanese occupation, the pond was often flooded by typhoons. In the case of shortage of materials, the only materials become scarce, which leads some businessmen to hoard and speculate, or replace them with fake and shoddy products. For example, at that time, Hong Kong * * * ordered to severely punish the act of filling counterfeit dairy products with milk company bottles. 1943 In August, the supply of soap suddenly exceeded the demand in the market, because there was too much speculation by merchants before summer, and as autumn approached, the demand for soap declined, and merchants had to sell their stocks. Speculation by unscrupulous businessmen makes the supply of daily necessities in the market more unstable. Hong Kong and Japan also launched a "copper donation campaign" to force people to donate copper products for Japan to make weapons. Even the two bronze lions owned by HSBC in the Government House were almost spared. Living in fear, Hong Kong people have lost their dignity and human rights in China under Japanese occupation. The Japanese killed innocent people indiscriminately. They can kill people in the street at will, or they can arrest men as coolies in the street at will. They entered the house and raped women in the name of searching the house. In addition, the Japanese army set up a number of comfort stations in Lockhart Road, Wan Chai, forcing women to provide * * *; In addition, gambling dens and cigarette houses will be re-established in the urban area, and horse racing will be re-organized at Happy Valley Racecourse, which will be encrypted once a week in the future, which will not only endanger the mental health of citizens, but also make money. In the later period, due to the shortage of live horses to cope with the competition, they used to run wooden horses instead. In addition, there was an unwritten rule at that time: whenever people saw the Japanese army in the street, they should bow 90 degrees regardless of distance; Otherwise, once found, they will be stopped, punched and kicked, and even killed. In addition to the "resident card", citizens are also required to take a photo with their families "family portrait", which the Japanese army will show when checking their household registration. If the family members are not in the right place and there is no reasonable explanation, they will be regarded as harboring guerrillas.