Strengthening the construction of land market and promoting the scientific development of cities

Feng Xianxue, Deputy Director of Shenzhen Land Resources and Real Estate Administration.

I. Construction of land market system

Judging from the construction process of Shenzhen land market, the development and standardization of the land market cannot be separated from the guarantee of the system. While developing and standardizing the land market, we are also exploring the establishment of an institutional system that conforms to the development law of the land market in Shenzhen.

(A) land transfer system

As early as 1998, the Shenzhen Municipal Government promulgated and implemented the "Regulations on Bidding, Auction and Hanging of Land Use Rights in Shenzhen Special Economic Zone", stipulating that residential, commercial, office, tourism, entertainment, gas stations and other business land must be sold by bidding, auction and hanging. In 2007, in order to ensure the legal implementation of the "bidding, auction and hanging" of industrial land and realize the institutionalization, proceduralization and standardization of the "bidding, auction and hanging" of industrial land, Shenzhen also promulgated the "Several Provisions on the Transfer of the Use Right of Industrial Land and Other Industries in Shenzhen"; At the same time, the short-term use of public facilities such as land reserved by the government, underground space, subway roof, urban renewal and kindergartens must also be publicly sold. The establishment of the transfer system in the above three aspects has formed a transfer system covering all the land in Shenzhen.

(B) the institutional level of the land transaction market

Shenzhen Municipal Government 200 1 Order 100 is the first government regulation on land transaction in China, which has laid a solid foundation for establishing a unified and standardized land market in the whole city. Under this framework, we have formulated corresponding rules and operational procedures for various types and links of land transactions, including land bidding, auction and listing committee and expert database system, benchmark land price announcement system, information disclosure system and buyer qualification examination system, which has promoted the establishment of an open, fair and just land transaction market in Shenzhen.

(3) Supervision of the land transaction market

After Shenzhen fully implemented the land "bidding, auction and hanging" transfer system, the focus of land management changed from the original examination and approval to supervision. In the land market supervision, we should give full play to the role of discipline inspection and supervision departments, establish a system of land market supervision and management and accountability, realize the organic combination of prevention in advance, supervision in the process and investigation afterwards, and minimize the possible problems of favoritism and malpractice in land transactions. At the same time, we also extended the supervision of the land market to the supervision of the land contract, studied and drafted the regulations on the supervision of the land use right transfer contract, clarified the supervision responsibilities of various departments after the land transfer, and helped the land use right holders to establish a good consciousness of using land according to laws and regulations.

Second, build a new mechanism for land market construction.

(A) to build a market-oriented allocation mechanism of land resources

Since the establishment of Shenzhen land exchange market, it has given full play to the basic role of the market in the allocation of land resources. Among them, the business land has been sold in the form of "bidding, auction and hanging" for seven consecutive years. By the first half of 2008, Shenzhen had sold 7.273 million square meters of operating land through the land exchange market, with a turnover of 39.3 billion yuan. Since the realization of market-oriented allocation of industrial land, Shenzhen has publicly sold 28 cases of industrial land, with a land area of 1.59 million square meters. In terms of land transfer, the transaction was 19 1, the land area was 3.695 million ㎡, and the transaction amount was 74 1 100 million yuan; Municipal law enforcement departments need to enter the land transaction market when disposing of real estate. A total of 588 auctions were held, and 14035 sets (cases) were entrusted, and 6,708 sets (cases) were sold, with an area of 3.338 million ㎡ and a turnover of 8.49 billion yuan.

(B) the construction of * * * and land transfer responsibility mechanism.

Land circulation is a multi-sectoral and multi-link work, which requires the full cooperation and participation of relevant departments. Therefore, it is very necessary to construct a joint and several liability mechanism in land transfer. For example, Shenzhen has made a beneficial attempt in the transfer of industrial land, and established a leading group of "inviting, auctioning and hanging" industrial land, which is headed by the deputy mayor in charge and composed of the heads of the National Development and Reform Commission, land and resources, planning, environmental protection, industry, legal system and high-tech industrial belt, to lead, coordinate and supervise the transfer work in a unified way. At the same time, under the unified guidance of the leading group, all relevant departments work together and cooperate closely.

(C) the construction of land resources conservation and intensive use mechanism

The establishment of land market has guided the market demand, optimized the land supply structure, and adapted to the adjustment of industrial structure in Shenzhen's transition period. Standardize land transfer behavior and effectively reduce land idleness and waste; It has promoted the rational allocation of land resources and used the limited land resources in the most urgently needed and effective "cutting edge". The establishment of the mechanism of saving and intensive land use in Shenzhen has promoted the improvement of the level of saving and intensive land use. In 2007, the output value of land GD 1 per square kilometer in Shenzhen reached 346 million yuan, ranking among the top cities in China.

(4) Building a long-term mechanism for land law enforcement.

The construction of land market can not be separated from the establishment of land law enforcement mechanism. While fully implementing the target responsibility system for farmland protection, Shenzhen has carried out law enforcement of satellite films in strict accordance with national and provincial requirements. We actively carry out the clean-up and disposal of idle land. As of June 65438+ 10, 2008, the city has recovered 870,000 m2 of idle land according to law, and many cases of idle land are entering the land recovery procedures according to law, and the accumulated idle land cost is 65438+130,000 yuan. At the same time, under the existing land law enforcement system, actively explore the construction of a joint responsibility mechanism for land law enforcement led by the district government and linked by relevant departments, and use scientific and technological means to strengthen dynamic inspections of land law enforcement.

Third, the experience and prospect of land market construction

(1) Continue to hold high the banner of reform and innovation and deepen the reform of market-oriented allocation of land resources.

Reform and innovation are the root and soul of Shenzhen. In terms of land management in Shenzhen, it also inherited the magic weapon of reform and innovation, which not only broke through the policy blind area, but also broke through the difficult area, which can be seen from the construction of Shenzhen land market. In the future, we will continue to hold high the banner of reform and innovation and further deepen the depth and breadth of the market-oriented allocation reform of land resources. On the basis of adhering to the market-oriented allocation of commercial (residential, commercial and office) land and industrial land, explore the paid use and market-oriented allocation of office and infrastructure (industry) of state organs such as transportation, energy and water conservancy, urban infrastructure and various social undertakings, and urban agricultural land in highly urbanized areas; Combined with the promulgation and implementation of the Property Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) and the property registration system of "integration of real estate and premises" in Shenzhen, we will actively explore the transformation of land management from the view of resources to the view of assets, speed up the circulation of real estate and fixed assets, including industrial buildings, and establish a truly all-round land asset market.

(2) Correctly handle the relationship between land supply and demand and establish a flexible and efficient dynamic adjustment mechanism.

The key to land market construction is to deal with the relationship between land supply and demand. At present, according to the requirements of the national land management policy, the index management of land use planning has achieved positive results in controlling the disorderly expansion of construction land; However, in the Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta and other areas with high degree of urbanization, its effect has been weakened. To this end, we believe that a flexible and efficient dynamic adjustment mechanism should be established between land supply and land demand: on the one hand, under the premise of not exceeding the total amount, economically developed areas are allowed to use it in a comprehensive and balanced way in combination with the actual economic development. For example, the state strictly controls the total number of indicators of provinces or cities in the past three to five years, but it can flexibly use the indicators of each year; On the other hand, under the premise of strictly controlling the total land use index, local governments can not only guide demand according to land supply, but also adjust land supply according to market demand, and establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism between land supply and land demand.

(3) Correctly handle the relationship between resource protection and development, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of the city.

Paying equal attention to resource protection and development is the purpose of land market construction. The construction of Shenzhen land market directly gave birth to the establishment of Shenzhen land fund management model of "taking from the land and using it for the land". Since the establishment of this model, Shenzhen * * * has collected more than 654.38+05 billion yuan of land funds for land development and urban infrastructure construction, which has played a vital role in promoting urban construction and development. At the same time, however, the dilemma of unsustainable land resources is increasingly apparent, and the contradiction between land resources and urban construction needs is becoming more and more prominent. In order to solve this dilemma and difficult problem, on the one hand, we should strengthen the control of land use, give full play to the overall control role of land use planning, strictly control the excessive growth of land scale, and even achieve zero growth of construction land in special economic zones. On this basis, efforts should be made to establish an evaluation index system for intensive use of construction land that conforms to Shenzhen's reality, pays attention to resource protection and comprehensively considers social, economic and ecological benefits, and establishes the concept that resource protection is also a political achievement. On the other hand, it is necessary to tap the potential of existing land use, strengthen the development of underground space, accelerate cross-regional land use cooperation, and ensure the sustainable and healthy development of the city.