ACCA, CISA, FSA, CFA, CFP, PMP Who can help explain these professional certificates of financial qualification in English? (Don't explain what abbreviations they are)

ACCA international certified public accountant

CISA is the abbreviation of International Registered Information System Auditor, also known as IT auditor, and it is a professional qualification granted by ISACA, an information system auditing and control association. The driving force for the future development of audit industry and audit technology will mainly come from the development of information system audit, which has gradually become an understanding of foreign accounting and auditing circles. The demand of accounting companies and the whole society for information system auditors will increase exponentially, and the status of information system auditors is also constantly improving. In some large foreign accounting companies, there have been partners without CPA qualification, and their professional qualification is CISA.

The assessment content of CISA includes five aspects: security and control practice of information system, integrity, confidentiality and effectiveness of information system, and development, acquisition and maintenance of information system software. The questions and answers in the test paper are all in English. At present, the registration fee and training fee for taking the CISA exam are about 5,000 yuan.

At present, there are 20,000 people who have passed CISA certification in the world, and the number in China is no more than 10, and they all hold important positions in five major international accounting companies, professional consulting institutions and famous multinational companies. Domestic accounting firms do not have CISA. According to experts, CISA has become one of the most popular senior talents in the world, and it has also quietly become popular in China.

ACCA has always been called "International Certified Public Accountant" in China, and it can only take four exams at most, which makes most members of ACCA very expensive.

Today's accounting profession is no longer Mr. Abacus's accountant. Computerization is an indispensable weapon, and the local employment certificate is as common as the ID card for accountants: if not, they will be deported immediately; With it, it is difficult to ensure fertile land. As a result, a large number of new generation accountants poured into the ranks of "foreign" certificates.

Speaking of the professional qualification examination of the accounting profession, besides CPA, there are five kinds of CPA qualification certificates abroad: ACCA (Chartered Certified Accountant Certification), AIA (International Certified Accountant Professional Qualification Certificate), CGA (Canadian Certified Accountant), CMA (American Management Accountant Examination) and CTA (Australian Certified Accountant Examination). Each certificate is adapted to different countries and teaching contents, and is used to adapt to the accounting systems of different countries. Among them, ACCA is the most vocal one.

ACCA has always been known as "International Certified Accountant" in China, which is actually the abbreviation of British chartered certified accountants Association. It is one of the four chartered institutes of certified public accountants in Britain and one of the most famous international accounting organizations. With ACCA qualification, you have the golden key to open this career development door, so it is also called "the passport of international accounting".

ACCA is fascinating because of its global recognition and international admiration, but it is daunting because of the difficulty and high comprehensive ability requirements of the all-English exam. It * * * is divided into three stages, 14 courses, and only four courses can be registered for each exam. As long as students complete all the exams within 10 years after registration, they can obtain ACCA qualification certification. Therefore, according to the most ideal calculation, it will take nearly three years to pass the 14 exam, but the actual situation is far from it. Because it is an all-English textbook, for China students, language barriers will make many people stop, and the difficulty will be greatly improved from the second stage. Coupled with ACCA's strict examination method, many people drew water with a sieve at this pass, which consumed a lot of manpower and material resources, and many people came back in vain in 1978.

According to statistics, since ACCA was launched in China, only 2,800 people registered as ACCA students in Chinese mainland in 200 1 year, and now it is less than 1 10,000. It is estimated that China needs about 350,000 certified public accountants. The huge demand gap, coupled with the gold content of ACCA itself, makes most ACCA members expensive. Wu Weijun, the first person in Chinese mainland to obtain ACCA qualification, entered the internationally renowned PricewaterhouseCoopers, and it took five years to be promoted from a senior manager to a partner position, becoming a man of the hour in the domestic accounting field.

CISA information system auditor:

CISA is the abbreviation of International Registered Information System Auditor, also known as IT auditor, and it is a professional qualification granted by ISACA, an information system auditing and control association. The driving force for the future development of audit industry and audit technology will mainly come from the development of information system audit, which has gradually become an understanding of foreign accounting and auditing circles. The demand of accounting companies and the whole society for information system auditors will increase exponentially, and the status of information system auditors is also constantly improving. In some large foreign accounting companies, there have been partners without CPA qualification, and their professional qualification is CISA.

The assessment content of CISA includes five aspects: security and control practice of information system, integrity, confidentiality and effectiveness of information system, and development, acquisition and maintenance of information system software. The questions and answers in the test paper are all in English. At present, the registration fee and training fee for taking the CISA exam are about 5,000 yuan.

At present, there are 20,000 people who have passed CISA certification in the world, and the number in China is no more than 10, and they all hold important positions in five major international accounting companies, professional consulting institutions and famous multinational companies. Domestic accounting firms do not have CISA. According to experts, CISA has become one of the most popular senior talents in the world, and it has also quietly become popular in China.

China has been seriously short of international auditors. Although the country still prohibits foreign accounting firms from entering the domestic enterprise annual report audit market, the top five international accounting firms have earned billions of dollars from China's accounting audit, including the ERP service of underwriting, promotion and overseas listing. it audit business is an extremely important part of it, and its proportion is increasing, while the performance of domestic accounting audit industry in this service is almost zero. It can be predicted that in the next few years, having CISA certificate will become an important qualification for "sneaking into Longmen".

FSA North American actuary qualification:

The profession of actuary is called "the golden collar in the golden collar". Because in developed countries, actuaries are not only the core elites in the commercial insurance industry, but also hold important positions in financial investment, consulting and other fields.

The so-called actuarial is to evaluate the uncertain risk factors in the future. Actuaries are the core talents in the core departments of insurance companies, and have extremely high status, power and responsibility. The work of actuaries includes developing and designing new insurance products, product management and financial management. Its position is very important, and even the general manager of some companies is an actuary. Therefore, actuaries represent wealth, power and professionalism.

There are four actuarial examination systems in China: Chinese actuaries, Japanese actuaries, British actuaries and North American actuaries. Among them, Chinese actuaries are the only actuaries recognized by the state who are qualified to sign actuarial reports of life insurance companies in China. North American Actuary Qualification (FSA) is the most authoritative actuary certification system.

The road from ordinary actuaries to actuaries is long and arduous. In the United States, it takes an average of 5-7 years to pass the actuarial qualification examination. Before 1998, there were no actuaries trained by ourselves in China. 1998, AIA Shanghai Company gave birth to the first Chinese actuary. By 2002, there were 10 actuaries and nearly 50 quasi-actuaries in China.

The chief actuary qualification examination is divided into two parts: quasi-actuary examination and actuary examination. According to reports, the North American Actuarial Association currently has nine qualification examination subjects, and the examination time ranges from 3 to 4 hours to 6 hours. The minimum examination subjects for taking the qualification examination also need $65,438+000, totaling about $3,000.

An exam lasts six hours, which sounds cruel, but the exam is only part of the qualification. Candidates must also attend enough training organized by associations and write a report. Among them, professional ethics training is a very strict and important part.

Obtaining the qualification of actuaries requires long-term unremitting efforts. Once they obtain the qualification of actuaries, they are often appointed to important positions. The reporter learned from the insurance industry that the annual salary of local actuaries in China is generally between 200,000 yuan and 400,000 yuan, and the overseas actuaries or overseas actuaries are generally worth more than one million yuan, or even higher. In Hong Kong, the annual salary of actuaries is at least $654.38 million.

The first FSA trained by China insurance industry is Zhou Weidong of China Ping An Insurance Company. After six years' efforts, in 2002, it obtained the formal membership of the Actuarial Association of North America and became the 10 FSA in China.

Due to the shortage of actuaries, the chief actuaries and deputy actuaries of major life insurance companies are mostly international actuaries who have returned from overseas. According to experts' prediction, China needs 5,000 actuaries urgently in the next decade.

CFA Chartered Financial Analyst:

CFA (Chartered Financial Analyst), short for Chartered Financial Analyst, is the most authoritative professional qualification in the field of securities investment and management, initiated and established by the American Institute of Certified Financial Analysts (ICFA).

The Certified Financial Analyst Program was established by the American Institute of Certified Financial Analysts on 1963, and is currently managed by the Investment Management and Research Association (AIMR), a non-profit organization headquartered in Virginia, USA. Certified financial analyst is the highest standard in the field of financial analysis, which not only measures the professional ability of financial analysts, but also represents their integrity. Investment Management and Research Association has100,000 members, and there are hundreds of member associations and branches all over the world. Its purpose is to establish and maintain the highest standards and promote the interests of the global investment industry through Excellence and integrity in the world.

The growth of the world financial market has created an unprecedented demand for qualified investment professionals. More than ever, investors and employers need a unified standard to measure the knowledge, integrity and professional level of financial analysts, so as to trust them to manage assets.

Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA? ) is such a standard.

CFA？ Qualifications are granted to professionals in a wide range of investment fields, including fund managers, securities analysts, chief financial officers, investment consultants, investment bankers, traders and so on. CFA？ It requires its holders to establish a strict and extensive financial knowledge system and master the theoretical and practical knowledge in all core areas of the financial investment industry, including the mastery of basic concepts, the application of analytical tools, asset allocation and portfolio management.

You need to pass the level 3 exam to show the examinee's mastery of knowledge Due to CFA? The qualification examination is conducted in English. Candidates must first master financial knowledge, and for professionals who are not native English speakers, they must also have good English reading ability. CFA？ The dynamic knowledge system reflects the ever-changing theory and practice of the global investment industry.

CFA？ Another feature of the project is integrity. The trust of employers and investors in asset managers and financial analysts comes from CFA? Holders continue to abide by ethical standards and establish and maintain their image of integrity in the global investment community.

Win CFA? The title symbolizes winning the respect and favor of the whole world and the whole industry!

CFA？ The knowledge system covers the necessary professional knowledge of investment analysis industry, such as ethics and professional standards/quantitative analysis methods/macro and micro economic accounting/corporate finance/world financial market and investment tool valuation and investment theory/fixed income securities and their management/equity investment analysis/portfolio management of other types of investment tools, etc.

CFA？ Three-level certification system: CFA? Our examination certification includes Level 3, which is held once a year in June, and we can only take the Level 1 exam once a year (since 2003, some regions and countries in the world can take the Level 1 exam twice), so it will take at least three years to complete all the Level 3 exams. On this basis, you need to have three years working experience in financial institutions or three years CFA? Can I take CFA only after I become a member of the Association? Charter. Moderator CFA? Examinations and CFA awards? The authority of the charter is CFA? Association, CFA? Apply for CFA? The association is directly responsible. http://www。 CFA？ ; ; institute.org/

(Since 2004, by the vote of all members, Director CFA? American Association for Investment Management and Analysis (AIMR? ) renamed CFA? Association (CFA? Institute)

How to get CFA? qualification authentication

Want to take CFA? Authentication is not an easy task, and the following conditions must be met:

(1) passed the three-level exam in turn.

Level 1 examination is a simple and objective examination, which mainly examines candidates' understanding of investment evaluation and management tools and concepts; The second level mainly examines the ability of asset evaluation; The third level examines the ability of portfolio management and asset allocation. The forms of Level 2 and Level 3 exams are 50% examination papers and 50% application questions (mainly case analysis). Since 2005, all the Level 2 exams have been changed to multiple-choice questions. Join CFA? Before the certification examination, candidates must have obtained a bachelor's degree (or the fourth year of undergraduate course), but they do not necessarily have work experience in investment management decision-making. Due to CFA? The association put the Level 3 exam on the same day, requiring that you must pass the upper level exam before you can enter the next level exam. So the shortest time for a candidate to pass these three exams is three years. CFA？ Association CFA? The purpose of certification examination is to combine candidates' study and education with their work experience in a short time, so as to achieve complementary effects, broaden candidates' horizons and deepen their understanding of knowledge. Join CFA? Certification examination is mainly a self-study process, and each level of examination generally takes up to 250 hours of preparation time, and the specific situation varies from person to person. When registering for CFA? After the certification exam, CFA? The association will send study guides to the candidates. According to the study guide, candidates can order CFA? Recommended materials recommended by the association, review and prepare for the exam. But it must be pointed out that CFA? The certification exam is not an entry-level basic knowledge exam, and the difficulty is at least the level of postgraduate courses, and it is an all-English exam.

(2) CFA for three years? Work experience recognized by the association.

Including: collecting, evaluating and applying financial, economic and statistical data in the process of investment decision-making, such as financial analysis, investment management and securities analysis. ); Directly or indirectly responsible for others to carry out the above activities; Engaged in the teaching and training of the above investment decision-making activities. CFA？ The association requires CFA? Certification applicants must spend more than 40% of their time on the above work, and their work experience during holidays, part-time jobs and internships will not be recognized. Can the accumulation of work experience be in CFA? Before, during and after the exam, but you have to have three years of relevant work experience to get CFA? Certification.

(3) See CFA? Association members require (mostly professional behavior and moral standards) and apply to become CFA? A member of the association.

Join CFA? Certification is a time-consuming and labor-intensive but rewarding investment. After the above hard learning process, CFA? Can candidates be allowed to use CFA after the association's almost harsh requirements? Title. At CFA? Since the project was established 38 years ago (up to 200 1), only about 4 1400 professionals in the world have obtained CFA? Certification qualification. There is CFA? Qualification is a powerful proof of the high professional level and moral standard of an investment decision-making management practitioner. Related industries in major developed countries in the world regard it as a measure of high-level personnel in an industry, which is very important for obtaining CFA? Those who pass the exam are entrusted with important tasks and rewarded with high salaries.

CFP financial planner:

In order to adapt to the continuous improvement of public living standards in China, meet the urgent demand of financial institutions for financial talents, improve the professional ethics of financial management practitioners, promote the rapid integration of China's financial management industry into the international community, and share the experience of establishing the certification system for financial planners in member countries or regions of the international CFP organization, the Financial Management Standards Committee of China Financial Education Development Foundation was held on September 1 2004. China Financial Planning Standards Committee (hereinafter referred to as China Financial Standards Committee) was formally established. The first director is Professor Liu Hongru, who enjoys high prestige in China financial circles; Deputy Director is Zhang Furong, Vice President of China Industrial and Commercial Bank; Professor Liu Wei is the director of Peking University Economic Research Institute; The secretary-general is Dr. Cai Zhongzhi. China Financial Management Standards Committee is composed of influential and prestigious people with rich professional experience and academic status, a sense of social responsibility and enthusiastic financial management. It is a non-governmental non-profit organization aiming at establishing a financial planner system in China, formulating qualification standards, organizing qualification examinations, certifying professionals, standardizing professional ethics and maintaining industry order.

At present, in the face of the growing demand of individuals and families for financial services, most domestic financial institutions have begun to promote various forms and varieties of personal financial services. However, because the market is in the primary stage, all kinds of financial institutions have very limited training, assessment, selection and qualification certification for professionals. Therefore, China's financial service industry urgently needs professional qualification certification and operational norms in financial management to meet customers' requirements for professional financial management services.

In view of the anomie in China's financial services market, China Financial Standards Committee decided to introduce the international CFP professional qualification certification system in China after three years of investigation and research. The reason for choosing CFP qualification certification system is that the international CFP organization has set very strict professional ethics standards, perfect training and assessment system, and standard operating procedures for certification practitioners. This system has been widely recognized by the world in the past 30 years.

65438-0969 Some professionals in American financial consulting industry founded the first financial management professional association-International Financial Planning Association (IAFP). After 10 years' efforts, 1985, American Institute of Financial Planning and CFP Association of Certified Financial Planners (ICFP)*** International Certified Financial Planners Standards and Practice Committee (IBCFP) was established. 1994, IBCFP was renamed as the famous CFP standard committee.

The CFP qualification certification system originated in the United States began the internationalization process around 1990. Australia, Japan, Canada and other countries have successively signed CFP trademark international licensing agreements with the CFP Standards Committee of the United States. These agreements allow the only authorized local institution to issue CFP qualification certificates to local financial planners who meet the strict requirements of education, examination, experience and ethics (namely "4E" standards) according to the model of CFP Standards Committee of the United States. As of April 2005, the international CFP organization has 18 full member organizations. With the increase of formal member organizations, the number of CFP licensees in the world has also increased accordingly. At present, the total number of CFP licensees in the world has exceeded 89,943. This unified and internationally recognized title of Financial Planner (CFP) will surely further promote the six-step concept of standardizing financial management processes and serving customers' interests wholeheartedly advocated by international CFP organizations, and gain greater attention and recognition in the global financial management field and the public.

In March 2004, the International CFP Council was renamed the Financial Planning Standards Committee (FPSB). The International Financial Management Standards Committee is the only professional qualification authority in the global financial management field that is truly committed to the internationalization of professional qualification certification standards and the localization of professional qualification certification content. At present, many professional qualification certification systems in the field of financial consulting, such as American Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA), Canadian Certified Public Accountant (CGA) and Commonwealth Certified Public Accountant (ACCA), have also been internationally recognized to some extent, but they are not committed to achieving complete localization in importing countries. One of the characteristics of financial services is that the service content is closely related to the laws and regulations of taxation, inheritance, pension and social security in the countries or regions concerned and the development of financial markets. Therefore, the International Financial Standards Committee is mainly responsible for formulating the "4E" standards that people who have obtained CFP qualification certificates should meet. The knowledge and skills that practitioners should possess in the process of providing services should fully consider local laws and customs and be formulated by the local financial management standards committee authorized by the International Financial Management Standards Committee.

In particular, the local financial management standards committee authorized by the International Financial Management Standards Committee to issue CFP qualification certificates must follow the unified international standards and the CFP Code of Practice. Registered CFP practitioners must strictly follow the standardized process including six steps when providing financial management services. Only in this way can they avoid serving customers only by promoting financial products. Since 2004, the International Financial Standards Committee has formally submitted these six-step applications to the international ISO9000 organization. Once the registration is successful, it means that CFP practitioners must accept the strict supervision of ISO9000 quality control system in the process of providing services to customers. This is bound to protect the interests of CFP customers more. The establishment and implementation of CFP Code of Professional Ethics indicates that local financial management standards committees can strictly and accurately define whether CFP employees' services are legal, honest, objective and fair, professional competence, confidentiality, professionalism and diligence. The disciplinary principles and procedures of CFP mean that once a certified CFP practitioner fails to comply with a provision in the Code of Professional Ethics or the Code of Practice, the qualification certification body will take disciplinary action against him according to relevant principles and procedures. These three documents are the direct embodiment of the important idea that "CFP will always take customer interests as behavior orientation".

Based on the above investigation and study, China Financial Standards Committee firmly believes that by introducing the international CFP qualification certification system, China's financial practitioners will obtain international, professional and standardized professional qualification certification, which will surely achieve the purpose of standardizing the financial market, improving the professional ethics of financial planners, ensuring their professional quality and maintaining their professional image. In particular, the seven professional ethics standards required by the International Financial Management Standards Committee, although impossible to override the law, safeguard the dignity of the law and extend certain provisions of the law in many specific aspects.

China Financial Management Standards Committee is a member of the international CFP organization. As early as 2002, at the Sino-US Financial Planning Forum, Liu Hongru, President of China Financial Education Development Foundation, made the first formal contact with the international CFP organization. After more than two years' efforts and many field visits by the international CFP organization, the Preparatory Committee of China Financial Management Standards Committee attended the annual meeting of the international CFP organization as an observer in April 2004. On September 1 2004, China Financial Management Standards Committee was formally established. In April, 2005, at the Cape Town meeting organized by the international CFP, the representative of China Financial Management Standards Committee introduced in detail the current situation of China's financial management market and the preparations made by China to join the international CFP, which was highly appreciated by the international CFP and its member organizations. The Board of Directors and the Board of Directors of the International CFP Organization passed a resolution and unanimously agreed to formally join the China Financial Management Standards Committee. According to the framework agreement determined by Cape Town Conference, the signing ceremony of China Financial Management Standards Committee to join the International Financial Management Standards Committee (FPSB) was held in Beijing on August 23rd, 2005. The Financial Standards Committee of China held a series of activities of "Financial Management in China" in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, and announced the establishment of an international advisory group to issue qualification certificates to the first batch of financial practitioners who passed the qualification certification of financial planner (AFP) in China. This means that China Financial Management Standards Committee is the only institution in Chinese mainland that has been internationally authorized to carry out CFP qualification certification.

PMP project management experts:

PMP certification is a global qualification certification system for project managers introduced by project management institute (PMI). Project managers who have passed this certification are called "PMP", that is, project management professionals.

Since 1984, project management institute (PMI) has been committed to all-round development, and has maintained a strict examination-based expert qualification certification program to promote the development of the project management industry and confirm personal achievements in project management.

PMP certification has been implemented in China since 1999, and the training center of the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs is entrusted by PMI to be responsible for the registration and examination organization of PMP certification in China.

In this authentication, applicants are evaluated in two ways to decide whether to issue PMP certificates to PMP applicants.

1. Qualification Examination

The basic qualifications of the applicant are:

Applicants must have a bachelor's degree or equivalent university education and at least 4500 hours of project management experience. PMI requires applicants to have at least 3 years and 4,500 hours of project management experience. Only the experience within 6 years before the application date is valid. Documents to be submitted: the latest resume detailing work experience and educational background (please provide the names and detailed addresses of all employers and schools); Copy or photocopy of bachelor's degree or equivalent university diploma; Can explain at least 3 years and 4500 hours of experience review table.

The applicant does not have a bachelor's degree or equivalent university education, but holds a secondary school diploma or equivalent secondary school diploma and has at least 7500 hours of project management experience. PMI requires applicants to have at least 5 years and 7500 hours of project management experience. Only the experience within 8 years before the application date is valid.

2.PMP exam

To apply for PMP, you need to take the PMP exam organized by PMI and pass the exam. The standard for passing the exam is that you must answer 140 of all the questions correctly. At present, the PMP examination is conducted four times a year in China, and is organized and implemented by the Training Center of the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs. Relatively speaking, the PMP exam is more strict and rigid, and there is no room for flexibility.

Project Management Specialist (PMP) certification in project management institute, USA is one of the most popular certifications for project management practitioners in the world.