Florence Nightingale

First, she was born in a wealthy family and lived in a privileged position, but she chose a nursing career that was puzzling at that time. For this reason, she has never been married. What courage it takes!

1820 Nightingale was born in Florence, Italy, when her parents were traveling in Europe. She is English and her family is very rich. Her father, William Edward Nightingale, graduated from Cambridge University. Besides classical literature, he is proficient in mathematics, many foreign languages, natural science, history and philosophy. Fanny Smith, florence nightingale's mother, was also born in a noble family in England. She is not only well-off, but also good for generations, and she is famous in her hometown. After they gave birth to Florence on 1820, they named her after the place name Florence.

Because of her rich family, Nightingale's childhood was extremely rich. The people they associate with are also celebrities, including politicians, literary writers, artists and some local gentlemen at that time. This enabled her to fully enjoy the comfortable life of the Victorian era. However, in nightingale's mind, she is not happy in the face of this pampered life. She is shy and doesn't want to meet strangers. She often feels lonely. At the age of twelve, she studied Greek, Latin, French, German, Italian, history, mathematics and philosophy with her father. Under the guidance of her father, Nightingale made great progress in her studies. She often reads aloud and speaks loudly with her father. When her father went out on a long trip, she had a feeling of writing letters. 1837, their family traveled to the European continent, and their parents used their daughter's help to increase their knowledge throughout Europe. At this time, Geer was seventeen years old and Yiran became a beautiful gardening show. The whole family spent a year and a half traveling all over France, Italy and Switzerland, enjoying the lakes, mountains, scenic spots and historical sites along the way, and inspecting the social conditions in various places. Nightingale developed the habit of taking notes and diaries from an early age. What she saw and heard was recorded and became important information for her future school management. She met some famous people in France and interacted with famous women engaged in social activities. She is very interested in politics and people, especially in charity. Since she was a teenager, she believed in this self-belief of serving mankind and her firm will to help the world and do good. After traveling in continental Europe, she found the nursing situation in hospitals extremely bad, and felt that Britain also needed nuns like Paul Tzu Chi Hospital in Saint Vincent to take care of patients. Nursing began to sprout in her heart, and she wanted to be a nurse! At that time, the image of British nurses was: a rough and aging woman, ignorant and unable to perform medical tasks. Nightingale chose this job, which is incredible for her mother! 1839, the whole family returned to England. At this time, nightingale has become dignified and generous, and she often meets my celebrities at home, which attracts the attention and appreciation of the world. She especially likes to make friends with social workers and people from all walks of life who are engaged in innovative work. One of the famous doctors worked in Longlisbury County, which inspired her to go to the hospital to study.

At that time, most of the wards in the hospital were a large unified room, and the beds were closely connected and very crowded. There are blood and stains on the walls and floors, and the stench is unbearable for people who come in. This bad situation is everywhere, almost the same. Once, an American doctor named Samuel Howe visited her home as a writer, and Nightingale asked for his advice on becoming a nurse. Dr. Howe praised her idea and encouraged her to make unremitting efforts, but it was difficult to get the approval of her parents. During this period, in order to cater to his parents' wishes, Fudinger studied hard and absorbed new knowledge about health. At the same time, I participated in some social activities under the arrangement of my parents and met two very close boyfriends. One is her cousin Henry Nicholson; The other is Charlie Mains. But their proposal was rejected by nightingale. She decided to be single! What a great decision it was at that time. She is determined to devote herself to nursing! In her diary, she described the mood at that time in detail, and every word was touching. Mains later became a member of Congress and supported Nightingale's career all his life. 1848 At the beginning of the year, she met Sidious Highbert in Rome. He is handsome, elegant and an English gentleman. Herbert and nightingale hit it off at first sight and maintained a noble friendship all their lives. Later, he chose to be the director of operations and gave strong support to Nightingale's career. In her twenties and thirties, she expressed her lofty ideal of fighting for nursing career all her life. In the19th century, she is a new woman!

1849 10, she traveled to Egypt with her friends again and traveled across the ocean to Greece; In April the following year, I arrived in Athens. Everywhere nightingale went, she visited charities, such as nursing homes, orphanages and related medical aid institutions. 1850 may 12, which happened to be her thirtieth birthday. She wrote this birthday speech in her notebook: I am thirty years old today, which is the age when Jesus Christ began to devote himself to preaching. There should be no more childish behavior from now on. There should be no more thoughts of love and marriage. Just let me think according to God's will and do according to his arrangement. She feels that it is God's responsibility to devote herself to nursing!

In the next few years, nightingale stuck to her ideals and pursued her meaningful work, but she never got the understanding and support of her family. However, she was not discouraged and still seized the opportunity to enrich herself at any time. By this time, she was dying and her knowledge and experience had gradually matured. Her cognition was obviously different from that of the society at that time, and many people could not understand it. For example, she is eager for a professional job so that she can take care of elderly patients and children in schools or hospitals. And all this is by no means an impulse to entertain ourselves and kill time, but really a planned professional work, occupation and sacred cause. This makes her a new woman in the19th century.

Third, from the initial promotion of nursing work to participation in the Crimean War, Nightingale's excellent ability to handle affairs has been demonstrated. She reduced the death rate of wounded soldiers at the front line from 40% to 2%, which shocked the whole country!

Florence nightingale's ambition finally touched her father and promised to give her 500 pounds a year. So, on August 1853 and 12, a nursing home was set up atNo. Harley Street 1 in London, and she began to display her ambition. She took a series of revolutionary management measures, which amazed people at that time: she emphasized the comfort of patients first and attached importance to the welfare of nurses. Ring the bell to call the nurse; Set up a winch in the kitchen to transport meals for patients; And the use of bulk procurement, saving money; It also advocates the fresh preparation of jam. She insists that any woman, regardless of her beliefs, rich or poor, can be taken in as long as she is sick. She showed excellent management ability and the members trusted her very much.

1854 In August, cholera broke out in the slums on the outskirts of London. Nightingale volunteered to take part in emergency rescue work regardless of her personal safety. She took care of dying patients in the hospital and ran around all day. Many people died in her arms. Mrs. Kaskell admired nightingale's righteous act because she personally experienced and felt nightingale's dedication. She described it this way: "She is tall, thin and slim; A short, thick brown hair; White and thin skin color; Gray eyes are shining with melancholy and depression, but sometimes they show happy waves, which is really unforgettable; Her teeth are beautiful and neat, and she smiles sweetly. Her head is covered with a long soft hair towel, which is tied up along the hair corner to make her white oval face more beautiful. She often wears a robe made of black silk and a black shawl, which gives people an elegant feeling. The impression of natural and graceful ... "1In March 854, Britain and France formally declared war on Russia to help Turkey. In September, the British and French allied forces landed in Crimea. In the report sent back from the front, there are many complaints about the wounded being left unattended. The report said that French wounded soldiers were taken care of by nuns, while Russian wounded soldiers were taken care of by nun sympathy group. Why are there no nuns in Britain to take care of the wounded soldiers? Upon hearing the news, Nightingale immediately wrote a letter to Hebert, the wife of the then Minister of Operations, expressing her willingness to lead 40 nurses to the battlefield at her own expense. 10 15, Minister Heibert agreed to her request and wrote back to Nightingale, inviting her to lead a group of nurses to Scutari, appointed by the government and given financial support. Nightingale readily agreed, and five days later, the government promulgated her as the head of the female nurse group of the British General Hospital in Turkey. The nurses' corps consists of 38 members, of whom 14 are professional nurses selected by hospitals, and the other 24 are selected by religious organizations. 1October 2 1 day, they left in a hurry wearing costumes. 1/kloc-0 arrived in Scutari on April 4th, and immediately got into the busy work. The former site of the British hospital was originally a military camp in Turkey. The building is simple and the equipment is extremely scarce. The whole hospital is dirty and messy. As it is scheduled to accommodate 2500 injured people, all corridors are set as wards. These corridors are all four miles long. Hospital beds are crowded, sanitary facilities are extremely poor, ventilation is particularly poor, stench is overflowing, sludge is everywhere in rainy days, sandstorms invade people in sunny days, and groups of mice run around. The environment is extremely bad. Each patient can only get 500 ml of water every day. Due to the lack of beds, many patients sleep on the floor and there are not enough quilts. Some are replaced by canvas, and many wounded soldiers prefer not to use it. Fuel has been lacking, and the food supply is even less satisfactory. General drugs are extremely scarce. Under such harsh conditions, a large number of wounded soldiers were infected with dysentery and cholera. Initially, based on traditional knowledge and jealousy, doctors advocated that they were not allowed to step into the ward without the doctor's instructions. Rejected for four consecutive days. Faced with this situation, nightingale first set about improving the diet of the wounded soldiers, changing dirty clothes and cleaning together. She deeply felt that a perfect hospital must have adequate water supply and good drainage system. Three months later, she cleaned 10 thousand shirts. In order to accommodate 800 new patients, she made emergency repairs to the ward at her own expense. Nightingale's active service spirit finally resolved the hostility of the military doctors and won the love and trust of the wounded. She put all her heart into nursing work day and night, and gradually put the hospital on the right track. Her office naturally became the center of radiation warmth and love. In addition to busy nursing management, she has to answer a lot of letters and inquiries. She found that there was something wrong with the health situation, so she wrote to members of the British government asking for expert support or taking some reform measures according to her suggestion. Thanks to her efforts, the death rate of wounded British soldiers at the front line has dropped from 40% to 2%. This achievement greatly encouraged the British ruling and opposition parties, and received rave reviews, which greatly encouraged her.

Based on the actual needs, two hospitals were established in the front line of Crimea, and nurses were needed to support them. 1855, Nightingale crossed the Black Sea and arrived in Balaclava to personally supervise the nursing work in these two hospitals. She suffered a lot in Crimea and went deep into the front line to visit, regardless of the danger of darkness and cold, regardless of personal safety. This professionalism greatly inspired the British army! She was so tired that she was unfortunately infected with Crimean fever. The doctor thought that she was incurable and her illness was near death, but she still insisted on writing, writing, writing, instructing all kinds of affairs and working in spite of illness. When the news reached Scutari, all the wounded soldiers wept for it. General Laagland, the field commander on Cork Island at that time, rushed to see her and reported her illness to London, which shocked the whole country! The doctor told her to go back to England to recuperate, but Nightingale insisted on staying in Crimea. Although she is ill, she knows very well that all her efforts will go up in smoke if she leaves. Few people can match her sense of responsibility of being loyal to her duties. It was not until July 1855 that she gradually recovered. According to "New Health Science", under the careful design of Nightingale, military nursing has gradually expanded health education and gradually promoted it. Every night, no matter whether it is windy or rainy, she will carry an oil lamp to the ward to inspect the patients and give her wholehearted comfort and care. Wherever she went, some wounded soldiers leaned over and kissed her shadow! This warm picture of human love is famous for the poem Lantern Girl by Ron Philo, a famous American poet.

With her firm ideal and ambition to save mankind, Nightingale independently developed modern nursing career in the front line. What an arduous challenge this is for a woman! She not only broke through many difficulties and made such achievements, but also started a great nursing career. This kind of behavior is rare among women in ancient and modern times, at home and abroad.

In view of South Legg's heroic behavior on the front line. 1855165438+1On October 29th, London socialite * * * initiated the establishment of the Nightingale Foundation. The British regard her as the new Joan of Arc. As soon as the appeal was made, donations from China people poured in. Soldiers in Crimea alone donated 9,000 pounds a day. The Queen of England donated a portrait of Arthur Wellesley Duke of Wellington. She specially gave florence nightingale a gold diamond brooch to express her personal praise and gratitude.

On March 1856 and 16, the Minister of Operations issued an order affirming Florence Nightingale's achievements and formally granting her the post of working in the army. Any transfer and service support of nursing staff must obtain her consent, and the chief military doctor must fully consult with her before carrying out nursing work. This is a great victory for nightingale. After the war, when she finally left Scutari, she went to the British cemetery and made an oath at their graves: "As long as I exist, I will fight for your lives. Since then, she has been practicing this solemn promise all her life. On April 29th, the last patient left the camp hospital, and on July 28th, she went home. The whole country in Britain was ready to welcome her back with a heroic triumph ceremony, but she didn't want to promote herself, so she quietly returned to London under the pseudonym of Miss Smith. On August 7th, she went back to Lihas alone and stayed in her hometown, which surprised her family. The next morning, the church in the village rang a series of bells to pay tribute to the heroine. Her name resounded through the sky and became a household name in Britain.

Fourthly, her rich practical experience and knowledge have established her academic position in the field of nursing; The establishment of modern nursing education is recognized as the originator of modern nursing.

Nightingale not only pays attention to the nursing management of military hospitals, but also pays attention to the national medical reform. 1859, she finished a "Hospital Summary", which put forward a revolutionary theory on hospital architecture and hospital management. She stressed that good construction, hygiene and management can make patients get better care. She put forward new views on ward management and changed the old nursing concept. The influence of this book in the field of health at that time was indescribable. Many soldiers in many countries have bought it and regarded it as an authoritative statement and model of hospital reform. At that time, the naming and classification of diseases were confusing, and hospitals often acted in their own way. Nightingale developed a standard model of hospital statistics, which enabled hospitals to accurately express the relevant death figures, and was adopted by hospitals in Britain one after another, and was recognized as a great contribution.

At the end of 1859, she published another book (Nursing Digest) for ordinary women to read, which immediately became a bestseller. It was very popular not only in Britain, but also in the United States, and later became a teaching material in nursing schools. June 24th 1860 Nightingale Nursing School, founded by St. Thomas Hospital, started. Since then, the nursing education system has been formally established, and Nightingale has also been made public. Think that the originator of modern nursing.

Nightingale's achievements are not only famous in Britain, but also recognized as a medical and nursing expert in Europe and America. Major medical problems and plans in the United States, Italy, Portugal, the Netherlands and other countries, as well as the establishment of the International Red Cross, also benefited from nightingale's assistance and support. 1865 5438+00 In June, she moved to London Street 10, which was the house her parents bought for her, and she has lived here ever since.

In February, King Edward VII of England awarded her the Medal of Meritorious Service. This is the first time that this medal has been awarded to a woman, which is really glorious. Some time ago, it was suggested to show the progress of nursing at the 60th anniversary celebration of Queen Victoria's accession to the throne, but nightingale opposed it. She doesn't want to show her photos to anyone and thinks it's stupid. But under the persuasion of Ms. Wan Taizhi, she agreed to show a bronze statue and the carriage she was riding. To her surprise, flowers were piled under her bronze statue, and veterans came forward to kiss the carriage in Crimea. She is regarded as the most respected virgin in the British army. 1965438+August 00 13 Barnadinger died in his sleep. Florence Nightingale's life has gone through the whole Victorian era. People who devoted themselves to social reform and achieved practical results like her really belonged to Phoenix Mao Qun at that time. She started the great cause of modern nursing with her personal vision and ambition, which is an unprecedented contribution to all mankind. Today, she was awarded the honor of nursing pioneer, which is well deserved.