Zhuhai port property evaluation center

Investigation Report on China Eight Cities Software Park

Author: Chen Rong

order

From August 25th to September 6th, 2003, this survey visited seven software industry bases in Dalian, Qilu, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Zhuhai. Our research has been actively supported and warmly welcomed by seven brother parks. The parks brothers are very much in favor of such targeted face-to-face communication and unanimously call for such communication to be carried out frequently.

This survey has three purposes: First, to investigate the development of the software industry in Brother Park and the characteristic support measures. Second, the problems existing in software parks. Third, the position of Zhongguancun Software Park in the national software industry base.

With the help of Brother Park, we basically achieved our goal.

We will explain the basic situation of this survey from the following nine aspects:

build

structure

industry

service

policy

talent

Basic situation in 2002

Characteristic project

exist problem

In addition, in this survey, Brother Park agreed to set up a software park branch, led by China Software Industry Association, and Zhongguancun Software Park was responsible for organizing the establishment of a unified endorsement agency for software parks.

Building supplies

1, construction scale-scale expansion, regional development

serial number

Software park

Overall planning area (square meters)

Area under construction or put into use (square meters)

New Area (Unplanned) (m2)

Regional industrial belt

1

Zhongguancun

Coverage: 1.39 million.

Building: 6 10000

39 1 ten thousand

Insurance amount: 700,000 yuan (under application)

Not yet (Bo Huang coastal zone is planned).

2

Dalian

65438+360,000

Phase I: 30,000 yuan

Phase II: 1.33 million yuan, 300,000 yuan in the early stage, and the actual usable area 1.654.38+0.00 yuan.

Lvshun South Road Software and Information Service Industry Belt

three

Shandong(Province)

28.5 million

Phase I: 6.5 million; Among them, the construction area of the incubation center is 6.5438+0.56 million.

22 million

Eastern high-tech industrial belt

four

Shanghai

733 thousand

Phase I and Phase II:153,000 yuan

Phase III: 580,000 (700,000) (software export base)

Yangtze River Delta

five

Hangzhou

408 thousand

138,000

270 thousand

Yangtze River Delta

six

Guangzhou

1190,000 (? )

6.69 million (including life science park, etc.). )

Chu Chiang Delta

seven

Shenzhen

370,000

65438+ million

Central District: 270,000 people

Chu Chiang Delta

eight

Guangdong Province

340,000

Phase I: 80,000 yuan

Phase II: 260,000 yuan

――

Pearl River Delta and Zhuhai Science and Technology Innovation Coast

2. Physical parks and virtual parks

serial number

Software park

Physical/virtual

1

Zhongguancun

They are all physical parks.

2

Dalian

They are all physical parks.

three

Shandong(Province)

They are all physical parks.

four

Shanghai

They are all physical parks.

five

Hangzhou

With the public service and technical support platform as the link, the high-tech zone software park established by the government will be connected with the software park built by enterprises and authorized by the government, and the local high-quality environment of the central software enterprise will be established or optimized, and the local high-quality environment will be extended to the whole city of Hangzhou through the network, and the concept of software park will be extended to the whole city.

six

Guangzhou

Gaotang New District is a physical park, which is connected with other branches through high-speed digital optical fiber network.

Use existing real estate resources as sub-parks and rationally digest idle assets.

seven

Shenzhen

They are all physical parks.

eight

Guangdong Province

They are all physical parks.

3. Conclusion:

In the early stage, software parks paid attention to the hard environment of developing software, and now they have a certain scale;

The enclosure of software park is fierce, and the area of Zhongguancun software park is not the largest, and the competition is intensifying;

With the continuous expansion of scale, software parks all over the world are looking for cooperation with other parks to build a software industry chain in a larger scope, trying to form regional advantages through regional differences, resource sharing and complementary advantages; Comparatively speaking, Zhongguancun Software Park is relatively weak in this respect;

The development of physical parks has gathered service objects and facilitated the service of parks. However, the large-scale investment in infrastructure has also increased the burden of the management center, thus affecting the support of the management center for industrial services (which can also be seen from the statistical comparison and industrial analysis of a few enterprises entering the park).

The crazy expansion of the construction scale actually reflects the contradiction between the government's pull and the industry's own development. On the one hand, the scale of the park is constantly expanding, which shows to some extent that enterprises have obvious willingness to enter the park, but there is no quantitative analysis basis for how big the area is and where it is built. Some software parks have changed from using idle buildings to developing physical parks, which has a government-oriented role.

Structural article

This organization, the support of the government, plays a huge role.

serial number

Software park

Running die

The department in charge of this work

comment

1

Zhongguancun

These three companies jointly invest and operate as joint-stock companies.

Zhongguancun Science Park Management Committee

The three companies * * * have the same capital contribution, and the shareholders require an annual return on investment of 8%, so the capital pressure is relatively high.

2

Dalian

"Officials Help the People"-Set up a construction and development committee in the park to establish the development goals and strategies of the park.

There is almost no statistical work in the park.

three

Shandong(Province)

Implement the "three-layer management" mode, and the executive layer is Qilu Software Park Development Center; The management organization is a public institution.

Ji' nan gaoxin ban

four

Shanghai

It is jointly invested and established by the Ministry of Information Industry and the Shanghai Municipal Government. The shares held by the Ministry of Information Industry will be transferred to CEC, and the shares held by the Shanghai Municipal Government will be transferred to Zhangjiang High-tech Park Development Company, which will operate as a joint-stock company.

five

Hangzhou

Hangzhou National Software Industry Base Co., Ltd. (5 companies, 1 state-owned enterprise) is jointly invested and established by state-owned assets management companies and key software enterprises in High-tech Zone.

Hangzhou gaoxin district administrative Committee

Strict selection of key enterprises to become shareholders requires that the capital should not be too high.

six

Guangzhou

Implementing the "three-layer management" model, the Guangzhou Software Park Leading Group is responsible for making decisions on major issues concerning the construction and development of Guangzhou Software Park, and there is an "Guangzhou Software Park Leading Group Office" under which the director of Guangzhou Science and Technology Commission is the director, responsible for coordinating the work of each park and providing business guidance to each park; Park management committees have been set up in all parks, and corresponding service organizations have been set up according to the current operating conditions. The management organization is a public institution, and its personnel are also members of Guangzhou High-tech Industrial Development Zone.

Guangzhou science and technology commission gaoxin Chu

National parks are managed by the district government, so it is difficult to promote this industry.

seven

Shenzhen

The management institution is a public institution, which is subordinate to the High-tech Office; Shenzhen Software Park Leading Group is the decision-making layer, Shenzhen Software Park Leading Group Office is the executive management layer, and Shenzhen Software Park Management Center is the service layer. At the same time, the leading group has a Software Park Advisory Group.

Shenzhen gaoxin ban

eight

Guangdong Province

Three foreign enterprises in Zhuhai jointly invest and operate in the form of joint-stock companies.

There is no pressure for return on investment for the time being.

Conclusion: According to the different establishment mode and management service nature, the above software parks can be divided into three categories: company mode (Zhongguancun, Dalian, Shanghai and Zhuhai); Government organization model-established by a government department (Qilu, Guangzhou, Shenzhen); * * * Building Model of Government and Enterprise (Hangzhou)

Government agencies or software park management services jointly established by government and enterprises have the following advantages:

Without the pressure of land development, we can fully consider supporting industrial development.

Generally, they are directly affiliated to high-tech zones, which makes it easy for software enterprises to implement preferential policies like high-tech enterprises.

The government has a deep background and strong coordination.

Co-construction of Hangzhou Software Park by government and enterprises: flexible mechanism, easy adjustment of industrial direction and low risk.

At the same time, there are also shortcomings:

High investment, almost regardless of returns, but the government's support is not unlimited, so the contradiction of capital loopholes will always exist.

The role of government affects the role of management service organizations in enterprises and the brand image of management service organizations.

It is easy to strengthen the dependence of enterprises on the government.

Software parks operating in company mode generally have the following problems:

The pressure is relatively high, and there is often a demand for return on investment.

Eager for more government policy support, such as land price concessions.

The investment in infrastructure construction is large, the recovery is slow, and there is a lack of funds.

In terms of industrial upgrading, the heart is willing but unable to do so.

However, the company model also has its advantages that cannot be ignored:

It is required to adapt to the market and reflect the needs of enterprises more truly and reliably.

Flexible mechanism and high efficiency.

This is even more important when choosing services for enterprises.

The operation mode of Dalian Software Park is worthy of attention. It is a typical case of supporting the software industry with real estate, preferential land price by the government, and supporting the construction of R&D building with residential income.

Zhongguancun Software Park Company has 40 employees, of whom 12 are specialized in infrastructure construction and approval, indicating that infrastructure construction accounts for a relatively large proportion;

No matter which mode, the relationship between software park companies (management committees) and enterprises entering the park is not obvious, and they are neither administrative directors nor business directors, which makes it difficult to carry out statistical work and industrial analysis in the park.

Industry-focus on positioning and build an industrial chain

1, park positioning

serial number

Software park

Park direction

Key development areas

1

Zhongguancun

Facing the domestic and foreign markets, absorbing domestic and foreign resources, focusing on introducing domestic and foreign large and medium-sized software R&D and integrated circuit design enterprises. Based on the principle of "building a career by using, export-oriented", we will focus on developing export-oriented and applied software products and build the brand of Zhongguancun Software Park.

Software export base

2

Dalian

From the initial establishment of "China-Japan software industry cooperation strategic portal" to the construction of "North Asia software and information service center". That is, based in Dalian, its business is oriented to North Asia such as Japan, South Korea and China, and it also radiates to other related regions such as North America. It has become the concentration area of international and domestic software outsourcing and information service enterprises, the largest software export base in northern China and the largest software professional training base in China.

Software export base

Software talents training base

three

Shandong(Province)

"Take the software production base as the construction goal, talent introduction and training as the development starting point, implement preferential policies to support industries, improve the service system and condense enterprises", and take the "software development and production base" as the initial positioning, and gradually build the software park into a software achievement transformation base, a software production and processing base, a software talent training base, a software product export base and an international exchange window.

Take "software development and production base" as the positioning. Encourage local enterprises to set up R&D centers and sales centers in developed cities such as Beijing and Shanghai, and attract software enterprises in developed cities to set up production and development bases in Jinan.

four

Shanghai

Construction of national software industry technology innovation center, software research and development center, software exchange center and software talent training and education center. Form the highland of China's software industry-Pudong Silicon Valley, and build a distribution center for information products on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean.

Realizing "two-wheel drive" with "three windings"

"Three Around" refers to informationization, structural upgrading and industrial base;

"Two-wheel drive" refers to the two markets that Shanghai faces in developing its software industry, namely, the domestic market dominated by applications and the international market dominated by software exports. Target fields of application software: finance, finance, futures securities, communication, security software, education software and management software.

Software export base

Fundamentals of chip design

National information security achievement industrialization base

Software Enterprise Incubation Innovation Base

five

Hangzhou

Build the base into a gathering place for software research and development, technology introduction and innovation, and transformation of achievements, build a brand of "Paradise Software", provide a demonstration for the development of the software industry in the whole city and the whole province, and promote the further healthy and sustainable development of the regional and national software industries.

Securities finance

Clothing and textile CAD

Development of industrial automation control software

Software labor export and software processing

six

Guangzhou

system integration

Embedded software and special software

application software

Export and foreign packaging and processing projects

seven

Shenzhen

The international software industrial park will be built into an international software export base, a software research and development base, a software technology innovation base, a software talent training base and an international software technology exchange and cooperation base.

Important software and basic software.

Embedded software.

Large scale integrated circuit design.

Large application software system software.

System integration, all kinds of software engineering contracting (including overseas orders, commissioned customization), etc.

eight

Guangdong Province

Relying on the geographical advantages of Hong Kong and Macao, Zhuhai Southern Software Park will be built into a major software product development base, a software talent training base and an important software product and information service export base in China.

Software research and development, integrated circuit design

Software export

Software talent training

2. Development Goals for 2005

serial number

Software park

Operating income in 2005

Foreign exchange earned by export in 2005

1

Zhongguancun

654.38+0.5 billion yuan

80 million dollars

2

Dalian

5 billion yuan

$300 million

three

Shandong(Province)

654.38+0.5 billion yuan

$65438+$500 million

four

Shanghai

654.38+300 million yuan

400 million dollars

five

Hangzhou

100-1200 million yuan

80 million dollars

six

Guangzhou

Not detailed

Not detailed

seven

Shenzhen

40 billion yuan (including embedded)

6543.8 USD+500 million USD

eight

Guangdong Province

654.38+0 billion yuan

Not detailed

3. Conclusion:

(1) The base began to focus on establishing a complete industrial chain and promoting industrial upgrading.

Zhongguancun Software Park has a vague positioning and unclear characteristics, which is not conducive to the strong development of the park in the future.

The park looks for characteristic development and pays attention to leading enterprises to drive the development of characteristic industries.

However, according to the orientation of the park, the characteristic development overlaps, such as software export, which is involved in almost every park, which requires a more detailed breakdown of the investment targets of each park.

Policy chapter-Policy promotion, you can do it

serial number

Software park

Characteristic policy

comment

1

Beijing

With the approval of the personnel department, the professional technical and management talents needed by high-tech enterprises and industrialization projects of high-tech achievements in other provinces and cities are recognized by the relevant departments of the municipal government, and the work and accommodation certificates are given to enjoy the treatment of the citizens of this Municipality. After working for three years, the household registration is recommended by the employer, and the formalities for entering Beijing are handled after the approval of the relevant departments.

The municipal budget arranges special funds for senior managers and technicians of software enterprises to set up high-tech enterprises or increase capital investment of enterprises, as well as financial subsidies for individuals to buy houses and cars for the first time. The subsidy standard shall not exceed 80% of the personal income tax paid in the previous year.

2

Dalian

For foreign enterprises entering the park, the income tax will be "two exemptions and three reductions" from the profit-making year.

The export value reaches 70% of the total output value, and the income tax rate is 10% (generally 33%).

For software developers working in software parks, including fresh graduates of university computer and related majors, Dalian Municipal Government has fully liberalized the settlement index.

Enterprises entering the park can buy or lease offices in the park at a discount, and employees of enterprises entering the park can buy high-quality commercial houses in the park at a discount.

4) The specific operation is very innovative: when an individual buys a house, the down payment will be made by the management committee of Dalian Software Park, and the company where the individual works will guarantee it, and then it will be paid back within the specified time.

three

Shandong(Province)

Establishment of Qilu Software Industry Development Fund

Software developers and base enterprise managers can buy or rent public houses in high-tech zones at cost.

Public housing

four

Shanghai

1) "three-year zero rent": from March 2000 to March 2003, the government subsidized the rent of software enterprises, with an annual rent of100000 yuan, totaling * * * 30 million yuan for three years.

In March, 2003, the policy period passed, and the Software Park Development Company set up a public platform and component library and charged the communication fee by half, which was equivalent to subsidizing software enterprises by 30 million yuan.

2) Shanghai implements the policy of "three exemptions and five reductions" for software enterprise income tax, that is, software enterprises are exempted from enterprise income tax from the first year to the third year, and the enterprise income tax is halved from the fourth year to the eighth year.

4) Investors set up technology enterprises and software enterprises in Pudong Software Park. The registered capital can be put in place by stages, and the initial contribution should reach more than 65,438+00% of the registered capital and not less than 30,000 yuan; The paid-in registered capital should be increased to more than 50% within 1 year, and all domestic demand should be in place within 3 years.

5) With the approval of the new district government, the reward for IC designers with independent property rights shall be exempted from personal income tax.

6) For a software enterprise that has settled in Pudong and developed and produced its own software products, the bank that has obtained a single export order of more than 500,000 US dollars and obtained a working capital loan for its software R&D and production will be given one-year loan interest at 30% of the benchmark bank loan interest rate.

Pudong Software Park covers an area of 30,000 square meters, including 8,000 square meters for Software Park Development Company and 22,000 square meters for enterprises. The actual land price of the software park development company is 100 yuan/square meter.

five

Hangzhou

1) Set up special funds for software.

In addition to the relevant special funds of provinces and cities, the high-tech zone will set up no less than 6 million special funds every year.

2) Improve the evaluation system of high-tech software parks.

In 2002, we recruited 18 new software enterprises, and completed the annual assessment in 2000/kloc-0 and rewarded them.

six

Guangzhou

1) The municipal government will provide 65,438+10,000 yuan for overseas students who come to the park to start businesses;

2) Newly-established enterprises approved to enter the planning area of the Software Park will be given a discount of 100-300 square meters (no more than 300 square meters) for office space, and rent and property management fees will be exempted for two years from the date of admission.

3) For the software enterprises entering the Software Park, the preferential policies will be implemented for eight years from the date of approval. Within 8 years, the local retained part of the relevant taxes paid by enterprises for independent research and development, production and sales of software technologies and products for 3 consecutive years will be fully supported by Tianhe District Finance; Sailfish supports 50% in five years.

4) If the enterprises in the park have passed the ISO 14000 certification, the district financial subsidy is 50,000 yuan.

5) Encourage software enterprises to export, and export 1 USD will reward enterprises with 3 cents.

1) By June 2003, the total rent-free area was10.9 million square meters, and the rent-free amount was 72 million yuan.

2) The value of software export incentives may expand.

seven

Shenzhen

Set up special funds for the development of software industry, and take out 500 million yuan as special funds to support the development of software industry before 2004.

During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, 50 million yuan will be allocated from the fixed assets investment plan every year for the construction of software parks;

The annual plan of science and technology development funds is limited to supporting software development, with an annual total of not less than 50 million yuan.

Start-up software enterprises that settle in incubators will be given a 50% rent subsidy for two years.

The environmental facilities in the park are invested by the government. After it becomes cultivated land, it will be sold to enterprises at the preferential land price of 100 yuan/square meter.

Special funds for the software industry are designated twice a year by the Information Office and the Finance Bureau in the form of project funding: free funding and interest-free loans.

eight

Guangdong Province

The communication fee is lowered by 30% according to the current price outside the area.

Deduct 4000 yuan in aid and expenses before personal income tax every month.

Foreigners working in the park can apply for license plates in Zhuhai and Macao.

Subsidize the three-year rent of enterprises entering the park (until 2006), and the government will give some subsidies according to half of the leased area.

The government will give a one-time reward of 500,000 yuan to the software enterprises above CMM2.

Zhuhai municipal government subsidizes employees of enterprises entering the park to reduce the burden of personal income tax, and the water and electricity charges are 20% lower than those outside the park.

Conclusion:

Three software parks have set up special funds for the development of software industry.

In the early stage, rent subsidies and land price concessions are two main ways, which can attract enterprises well and establish the image of software parks.

When the park enters the second stage of development and has a certain industrial base, the government can consider changing the support model.

Service chapter-serving enterprises and solving difficult problems

Software park

Technical support system

Business service system

Beijing

Three libraries and four platforms

Dalian

Large and medium-sized computer development centers and software

China Netcom Northeast Data Center Evaluation Center (software evaluation center does not do it)

Administrative assistant: provide a series of consulting and agency services such as enterprise registration and personnel;

Business assistant: connect the outsourcing market in North Asia with the resources of local small and medium-sized enterprises to realize outsourcing business;

Design assistant: design office facilities with the concept of "property customization"

Shandong(Province)

Software development test platform

Promotion and training of new technologies

Guarantee center, business center, certification body

Venture capital consulting,

Software talent pool

Shanghai

Software evaluation center,

Software communication information center, electronic publishing house, open laboratory, technology value-added service platform

Business and exhibition center

Hangzhou

Public service and technical support platform (5 support systems)

Invite experts for enterprises free of charge and prepare defense materials.

Guangzhou

Software evaluation and certification center, software incubation center

Software engineering project bidding center, software exhibition trading center, venture capital

Shenzhen

Public software development platform, software evaluation center, enterprise postdoctoral workstation and open laboratory.

One-stop comprehensive service, venture capital, asset evaluation, law firm, public and secret company, talent service center.

Guangdong Province

South Software Product Testing Center, Ericsson Mobile Application Testing Platform, Microsoft Open Lab.

Software export collaborative development platform, satellite multimedia information network platform

Software industry association

Software Import and Export Chamber of Commerce, Copyright Protection Center, Business Center

Conclusion:

1, Dalian Software Park put forward the goal of building the first international software community in China.

2. In terms of technical support, Hangzhou's practice is worth noting. That is, the value-added services of the third-party preferential network are also connected to the support system, and the support system is extensible.

3. The platform made full use of geographical advantages,

(6) Talent service

Software park

Talent service project

Zhongguancun

School of Software, Peking University

Dalian

Neusoft Institute of Information

Shandong(Province)

School of Software Information, Shandong University, software engineer training base, school-enterprise talent docking project.

Shanghai

cultivate

Hangzhou

Third, the software college talent registration and training system

Guangzhou

Postdoctoral research center

Shenzhen

Shenzhen Virtual University Park (already 43) has one park and many schools, and the city school has been built.

Guangdong Province

The training center of Sun Yat-sen University, Microsoft and the training center of the Computing Center of the Ministry of Information Industry will introduce the training system of Motorola University and jointly establish the School of Software Engineering.

Conclusion:

Relying on the advantages of local universities or regions, software parks seek innovation in talent service mode.