How to scientifically use poison bait to kill rats

First, cement to kill rats: stir-fry rice, corn, flour and other foods, add a little cooking oil, then mix in dry cement and put it in places where rats are infested. After eating it, the cement absorbed water in the intestine and solidified, which made the mouse bloat and die. Second, diesel kills rats: mix butter, engine oil and diesel oil and put them around the rat hole. When the mouse sticks to oil, it is easy to stick to dust and feel uncomfortable. They licked it with their mouths. After diesel oil enters the stomach with the digestive tract, it corrodes the stomach and kills them. 3. Killing rats with ammonia water: use ammonia water 1- 1.5 kg, pour it into the rat hole, and immediately block the hole. Its smell can kill rats. Poison the mouse hole with ammonia, and the mouse will not dare to enter it for a year. Four, lime rodent control: put lime into the rat hole, and then pour a small amount of water. When the hole is steaming, immediately seal the hole with wet soil. The carbon dioxide and heat generated by the reaction between quicklime and water can suffocate the mice in the hole. Five, bleaching powder to kill rats: after discovering the rat hole, seal the back hole, put 20 grams of bleaching powder from the front hole, and then pour a proper amount of water into the hole to quickly seal the hole. When bleaching powder meets water, chlorine gas will be produced, which will poison the mice in the hole. Six, methamidophos rodent control: 25 grams of methamidophos is mixed with 0.5- 1 kg of rice, soybeans, wheat and other grains, and after 5 minutes, when the grains are filled with liquid medicine, they are scattered in fields or places where rats are infested. Because the smell of methamidophos is similar to dried radish slices, mice like to eat it, and the poisoning effect is good, but this medicine should not be placed in the places where livestock and poultry come and go at home to avoid poisoning. Seven, you can also use super glue to stick the mouse: if the mouse sticks, it will not move and will starve to death. Super glue is safe, nontoxic and cheap. If you don't know where the mouse died after taking rat poison, you can borrow a dog from your neighbor, preferably where you can see it, so that you can find it and change it regularly. Edit this paragraph 1. Ecological rodent control. Take various measures to destroy the adaptive environment of rodents, inhibit their reproduction and growth, and increase their mortality. Deep ploughing, irrigation and afforestation can be combined with production, which will worsen their living conditions. This method must be combined with other methods to be effective. Edit paragraph 2. Biological rodent control. Protect the natural enemies of rats, such as owls, weasels, badgers, cats and most snakes that feed on rats, so as to control the number of rats. Edit the third paragraph. Control rodents with instruments. Catch mice with mousetraps and cages. This method is not suitable for large area or high density mice. The best effect of electronic mousetrap is to kill rats. The electronic mousetrap is based on the principle of myopia. When a mouse touches a thin wire, it will be knocked unconscious by the high voltage current of the thin wire. The electronic mousetrap will give an audible and visual alarm, then pick up the stunned mouse and hit the second mouse. If this is repeated for one night, you can catch 10- 100 live mice in one night. Edit paragraph 4. Drugs kill rats. This method has good effect, quick effect and wide application range, and it needs to kill rats in a large area. However, attention should be paid to the selection of rodenticide with high efficiency, low toxicity, low residue, no pollution and low risk of secondary poisoning, which will not cause physiological drug resistance in rats. (Rodenticide, carbendazim, diphacinone sodium salt, tetramine phosphate, Datong can not be used continuously. Why can't traditional rodenticide methods use the same rodenticide bait continuously? After the poison bait was poisoned and died, the chemical components of the poison bait remained in the body, and even if traces of the poison bait were found, its basic physical properties remained unchanged. When other mice find dead mice, they can smell the special smell of bait chemical composition besides the normal smell of mice. The IQ of mice is not much worse than that of humans. It is a very clever mammal. It has a keen sense of smell and a strong ability to distinguish and remember smells. Mice can judge that the death of their companions is directly related to the special smell of chemical components, and keep it in mind, so they will not eat food with special smell on dead mice, and will also prevent their companions from eating it. Even if the bait changes, the mouse won't eat it. Edit paragraph 4. Use 0.005% bromadiolone bait: Bromadiolone is the second generation anticoagulant rodenticide, which has good effect on farm rodents and domestic rodents. Preparation of 1. Poison bait: firstly, mix the mother liquor of 1 kg 0.5% bromadiolone aqueous solution with 4 kg warm water, fully stir, and then pour it into 100 kg bait (wheat or rice can be selected) and mix well. After the liquid medicine is sucked up, cover it with plastic film, pile it up for 30 minutes, and then spread it out to dry. 2. Making bamboo tube bait station: made of bamboo tubes with a diameter of 5-6 cm. The poisonous bait station in the building area is 30cm long, and the farmland area is 45cm long (excluding the protruding part for shelter from rain). Poison bait stations usually put 25-30 grams of poison bait. Check once every 15 days to make up for the decrease of poison bait. 3. Poison bait station placement: the farmhouse is placed directly on the wall root and fixed with pebbles, two for each household, one outside the pigsty and one under the back eaves. When used in the field, the bait station should be fixed and inserted into the ground with iron wire, and 3-5 cm should be left between the ground and the bamboo tube to prevent rainwater from pouring in. 1 poison bait station is placed per mu and along the ridge. The deratization time shall not be less than 20 days, preferably 30 days. 4. Precautions: When preparing poison bait, it should be carried out in accordance with the prescribed operating procedures. The place where poison bait is prepared should be far away from water sources and livestock and poultry. Don't touch the bait with your bare hands. The remaining poisons and baits should be recovered and kept in time. Poisonous bait, toxic garbage and collected rat carcasses that are no longer used should be buried deeply. 5. The specific antidote is vitamin K 1. Chemical deratization Chemical deratization is the most economical method in large-scale deratization. Pay attention to safety when using it to prevent poisoning accidents of people and animals. Chemical deratization can be divided into poison bait method and poison gas method, poison water method, poison powder method and poison paste method. (1) poison bait method 1. Commonly used rodenticides There are two kinds of intestinal rodenticides currently used: acute rodenticides and chronic rodenticides. Acute rodenticides, or quick-acting drugs, only work once. Chronic rodenticide or slow-acting drug is called after taking it for several days. The former is mostly used in the wild and the latter is mostly used in residential areas. (1) zinc phosphide (Zn3p2): It is a gray powder with obvious garlic smell, insoluble in water and lipophilic. It is stable when it is dry, slowly decomposes when it is wet, and quickly reacts with inorganic strong acid to release phosphine gas. It mainly acts on the nervous system and destroys metabolism. After poisoning, appetite decreases, activity decreases, hind limbs are often paralyzed, and finally they die. It acts quickly and is a quick-acting medicine. The concentration of prepared bait is generally 2% ~ 5%. The toxicity selectivity of this product is not strong, and the toxicity to human, poultry and livestock is similar to that to rats, so attention should be paid to safety. Mice that are not dead after the first poisoning are easy to refuse to eat when they meet again, so they are not suitable for further use. (2) gophacide (c14h13cl2n2o2ps): this product is white powder or crystal, almost insoluble in water, with no obvious odor, and relatively stable in dry state. Its main toxic function is to inhibit cholinesterase in nerve tissue and cells, which is highly toxic to rats and has low selectivity. Rats developed symptoms 4-6 hours after taking poison bait, and died about 10 hour. Poisonous rat phosphorus has good palatability to mice, and its refusal to eat is not obvious when it is encountered again. It has a good effect on both wild mice and domestic mice. Poisonous rat phosphorus is also highly toxic to people and livestock, but it is very weak to chickens. But it's strong for ducks and geese. Pay attention to safety when using. The common concentration of tetramine phosphate is 0.5% ~ 1.0%, which can also be increased to 1% ~ 2%. (3) Warfarin (C 19H 16O4): This product is white crystal, insoluble in water, and soluble in alkaline solution to form sodium salt. Odorless and tasteless, quite stable. It is the most widely used anticoagulant rodenticide in the world and a typical chronic drug. The toxicity of rodenticide is closely related to the times of taking medicine. Taking medicine once can be fatal only when the dose is quite large; When taken many times, although the total amount of each dose is far lower than the lethal dose of one dose, it may also cause the death of rats. It mainly destroys the coagulation ability of rats, damages capillaries, causes internal bleeding, leads to anemia, blood loss and finally dies. The effect is slow. Generally, they die 4-6 days after taking the medicine, and a few individuals can die for more than 20 days. Increasing the dose will not accelerate death. Because of the low dosage of rodenticide, good palatability, poison bait is easily accepted by rats, and its effect is slow, and it does not cause protective reaction, and the effect is generally good. However, the feeding amount must greatly exceed the acute bait, and the feeding period should not be shorter than 5 days. The chronic toxicity of rodenticide to Rattus norvegicus is very strong, but it is slightly weak to Rattus norvegicus and Rattus flavipectus. Among poultry and livestock, cats and pigs are more sensitive, and chickens, ducks and cows have strong endurance. Generally speaking, it is one of the safest rodenticides at present. The concentration of rodenticide is 0.025%. Because the dosage is small, the pure medicine is usually diluted to 0.5% or 2.5% mother powder or mixed with sodium salt solution with appropriate concentration, and then added to bait to make poison bait. (4) diphacinone sodium salt (C23H 16O3Na): This product is khaki crystalline powder, odorless and tasteless, soluble in ethanol, acetone and hot water, and stable in nature. The diphacinone sodium salt (C23H 16O3Na) is yellow and insoluble in water. Their toxicological effects are basically the same as rodenticide. The toxicity of diphacinone sodium salt to rats is stronger than rodenticide, so it can reduce the feeding times, but the risk to poultry and livestock increases accordingly. Its toxicity to houseflies and Rattus flavipectus is also stronger than rodenticide, and it has a good killing effect on Mongolian gerbils and other wild rats. The palatability of diphacinone sodium salt is not as good as rodenticide, especially at high concentration. Trichlorfon has good palatability. They are less toxic to chickens, ducks, sheep and cattle, but more toxic to cats, rabbits and dogs. It is also highly toxic to people and may lead to poisoning. According to the toxicity of diphacinone sodium salt, its concentration should be 0.0 1% ~ 0.0 125%, but in order to reduce the feeding times, 0.025% or even 0. 1% ~ 0.2% is often used to kill rodents in the field. But the higher the concentration, the worse the palatability, which will reduce the effect. 2. Baits and additives In addition to rodenticide, the quality of bait also directly affects the effect, so be sure to choose mice that you like to eat. At present, there are several kinds of bait used for killing rats in large areas: ① Whole grains or fragments, such as wheat, rice, naked oats, sorghum, broken corn and so on. ② Grain flour, such as corn flour and flour, is mainly used to make mixed bait. Generally, 60% ~ 80% corn flour and 20% ~ 40% flour can be used; (3) melons and vegetables, such as sweet potato slices and carrot slices, are mainly used to make poison bait, and now they are available. 3. Preparation of poison bait In order to ensure the quality, poison bait should be prepared centrally. There are three strict requirements: ① rodenticide and bait adhesive must meet the standards; (2) evenly mixing the bait, so that the rodenticide and the bait are evenly mixed; When using highly toxic rodenticide, it should be prepared into mother liquor or mother liquor with appropriate concentration before mixing with bait. The drug content of mother powder and mother liquor must be accurate; ③ The concentration of rodenticide is moderate, neither too low nor too high. Too high affects palatability, but reduces rodent control effect. For chronic drugs, increasing the concentration does not accelerate the onset of action accordingly. 4. Putting poison bait It is best to put poison bait by trained personnel. The feeding methods are as follows: ① hole feeding: suitable for wild rats with obvious holes; (2) According to the rat trail: it is not easy to find rat holes in most areas, but the activity place is easy to determine, so this method can be used for drug administration; (3) equidistant release: eliminate the wild rats in the open area, and put a bunch of poisonous baits at a certain distance in each row and column according to the chessboard mode; (4) Unified release: generally limited to wild rats, suitable for places with high rat density, vast territory and sparse population; ⑤ Strip application: Apply drugs in a straight line at regular intervals to kill wild rats. Bait can be released at night and collected during the day to avoid accidental injury to children, birds and animals; The method of poison bait box can also be used. The poison bait box can be made from local materials and adapted to the time. Generally, the bait box should not be placed for more than 5 days. If there are no mice in it for more than 5 days, you should change your position. When killing house mice, each household can put one or two poison bait boxes, but the location should be suitable, and fresh poison bait should be replenished in time when it is first used. After the rat density drops, check it once a month to ensure safety. 5. Scientifically use poison bait to kill rats. A. If the number of rats is less than 10, you can kill rats with sticky boards, rat cages or rat traps, or with acute rodenticide with fresh pigments. If the number of rats exceeds 20, when the effect of poison bait used in the past is not obvious, the dosage may be insufficient and the dose is not in place. This time, the drug selection should be replaced by chronic rodenticide and fresh bait to kill. In principle, the rodenticide used for the first time should be cheaper or safer for people and animals, and the rodenticide used for the second time should be slightly more expensive or more dangerous for people and animals. Rats like plant seeds and pasta. Therefore, when killing rats, we often use acute drugs to stick millet or poison bait with tiny flour particles, and adopt the way of "fairy scattering flowers" to feed them in the place where there are 2 square meters left. The concentration of drugs used by mice is often 1- 10 times higher than that of Rattus norvegicus. When using rodenticide in rural areas and in the wild, we should pay more attention to the safety of livestock, poultry, cats and dogs, otherwise it will affect the relationship with the masses. Chickens and pig farms can accept salt with diphacinone, and chickens can tolerate 0.05% bait 2 kg; A pig weighing 30 kg can tolerate 5 kg of 0.05% poison bait. But not for cats and dogs. Cats can die if they eat 6 grams of 0.05% diphacinone sodium salt bait or dogs eat 10 grams of 0.05% diphacinone sodium salt bait. Poultry, pigs, cats and dogs are sensitive to chlorpyrifos, bromadiolone and Dalong. Killing them is dangerous for dogs and rabbits, but quite safe for pigs, chickens and ducks. Chlordimeform is relatively safe for poultry and birds. It can withstand the influence of various climatic factors in the field and remain in the soil for a long time. B. What kind of bait to choose as the base bait after selecting the drug refers to the bait used by the unit, but not used in the past. You can ask the mouse what food it has eaten. It is easy for the mouse to accept the poison bait made from this food. In hot seasons or dry places, poisonous baits can be prepared with fruits such as apples and bananas and vegetables such as radishes and sweet potatoes. Bait preparation containers, tools and baiting articles should be cleaned after use to prevent pollution and poisoning. C. Feeding time should be at dusk. D. someone should lead the way when casting bait. Poison bait should be placed in places frequented by rats. When there are rat holes and rat paths, it should be placed in rat holes and rat paths 10 cm, with 25g each. Mark it, check it the next day, and record the lost quantity. It is a chronic rodenticide. If it is found lost, the bait can be doubled until it is no longer reduced. Give acute poison bait, and you can continue to use fresh poison bait the next day until the mouse activity is no longer found. E. Inform the customer about the performance and precautions of poisons, and hope to cooperate. F collected rat carcasses should be packaged, recorded and sent to the efficacy room for registration. G. build nests according to body length, weight and coat color. (If necessary, check the pregnant point and determine the number of rats. Check whether the number of rats counted in the inspection before deratization is consistent. Evaluate the rodent control effect. The rat density was investigated by the same method before and after deratization. The investigation method is powder trail method or bait loss method, and registration and efficacy evaluation (efficacy evaluation) are carried out. The formula is as follows: deratization rate (%) = average rat density before deratization-average rat density after deratization/average rat density before deratization × 100%. 1. Write a deratization report and file one copy. J. Follow up once a month, collect feedback and make records. Consolidate the rodent control effect. 6. Precautions for rodent control with poison bait A. Rodent control procedure 1) Field investigation of rodents: First, investigate the species, quantity, invasion route and habitat of rodents. 2) Formulation of prevention and control plan: According to the basic situation and biological characteristics of mice, formulate prevention and control plan. 3) Improve the environment: eradicate the breeding ground of rats, control the surrounding environment, and block the entry and exit of rats. 4) Apply drugs in batches and stages, and kill rats as planned. 5) Check the effect of dead rats, detect the density of rats and judge the number of rats. 6) Regular inspection: check the consumption of poison bait, remove dead rats, find new rat paths, and block them. 7) Consolidate the control effect, put in enough dosage, and check the density frequently. B. Precautions for deratization 1) Where there is a rat hole, the rodenticide must be placed in the rat hole, so that the rats can eat the rodenticide as quickly as possible to prevent other poultry or livestock from eating it by mistake. 2) Where there is no rat hole, put the medicine in the place where rats often haunt, and try to put it in a hidden place or corner, so as not to let children get it, and close the poultry and livestock. 3) Fragments or random scattering are prohibited. 4) It is best to continuously apply rodenticide for at least two to seven days. Withdraw bait after one week, pay attention to picking up dead rats when killing rats, and record the number in the disinfection service record (dead rats are concentrated and buried deeply). 5) Rodenticide must be put on the premise of ensuring safety, and obvious signs must be hung. 6) Disinfected utensils and medicines shall be cleaned and kept in a unified way. 7) When preparing bait, rodenticide should be sprinkled on the bait in proportion and mixed evenly. Workers must wear masks and gloves, and it is forbidden to operate with bare hands. 8) Don't use moldy grains when preparing bait, so as not to affect palatability. 9) The bait should be put in time, carefully kept and not lost to avoid accidents. 10) After work, clean it with lye and put it back. Workers should wash their hands and face immediately after taking off their work clothes. 1 1) Smoking, eating and talking are absolutely forbidden in the workplace to avoid accidental poisoning. 6. Do not use acute toxic rodenticide. Acute toxic rodenticide can cause death in mice within minutes or hours after taking it. After rats ate acute toxic rodenticide, the symptoms were very serious and very painful. Rats die quickly, usually outside their nests. As everyone knows, this is just a "taboo". Rats are naturally alert. When a mouse falls to the ground after taking medicine, the same kind of mice will immediately scatter and never dare to touch this poison bait again. This is actually a "spook", which enables most mice to escape. Moreover, most of the mice who took medicine first were old, weak and sick, while the strong mice survived, artificially optimizing the mouse population, making the remaining mice grow better, the offspring stronger and the future more difficult. Therefore, acute toxic rodenticide is not provided in rodent control activities. Most of the rodenticides banned by the state are highly toxic rodenticides, such as amide, sodium fluoroacetate, tetramine (also known as 424), tetramine and dichlorvos. Vendors of rodenticides usually call these rodenticides "no rat life", "three steps down", "smell them and die", "catch them all" and "Qiu's rodenticides", and people are buying, storing and using these rodenticides. In recent years, cases of death caused by eating poisonous rat poison by mistake are not uncommon. For example, in recent years, in Wangzhuang Village, Heze City, our province, an epileptic seizure characterized by nausea, vomiting, rolling eyes, foaming at the mouth, upper limb spasm and lower limb stiffness has frequently occurred, and even livestock and poultry have similar symptoms. The mortality rate is extremely high, and patients occur continuously in the village, and many families have no choice but to move out. Investigation by local health department shows that villagers use some illegal rodenticide dealers to sell highly toxic rodenticide banned by the state. Plants have a strong ability to absorb highly toxic rodenticides. If they fall into the vegetable garden or field by mistake, they will be absorbed, and people, livestock and poultry will do harm to them after using these plants. Studies have proved that this food decomposes very slowly in nature. Even if it is buried deep underground for decades, the excavated soil will be used to cultivate plants, and pigs will still die of poisoning after eating it. It can be seen that these highly toxic rodenticides are potentially harmful. (2) There are two kinds of poison gas for killing rats: one is chemical fumigant and the other is smoke agent. Commonly used chemical fumigants are aluminum phosphide and chloropicrin, as well as fuming agents with different formulations. Fumigation and deratization Some drugs are easy to volatilize into toxic gases at room temperature or produce toxic gases through chemical reactions. These drugs are usually called fumigants. The method of inhaling toxic gas to kill rats is called fumigation. Advantages of fumigation to kill rats: mandatory, no need to consider the habits of rats; Food and other foods are not needed, and the effect is quick and generally good; It also has insecticidal effect; Safer for livestock and poultry. Disadvantages: it can only be used in closed places; High toxicity, quick action and easy poisoning due to careless use; Large dosage, sometimes high cost; When fumigating and killing rats in holes, it is necessary to find holes, put drugs and block holes, which is inefficient. The use of this method is limited. It is mainly used for rodent control in closed places such as warehouses, and can also be used for rodent control in caves. At present, there are two kinds of fumigants used: one is chemical fumigant, such as aluminum phosphide, and the other is rodenticide. Chemical fumigant and smoke agent have the same characteristics: mandatory, quick-acting, generally safe for non-target animals, no need to feed, but the cost is high, the work efficiency is low, and the effect on some mouse species is poor. The selection conditions of chemical fumigant are: selective toxicity, convenient use, low price, good effect and antidote. Smoke is safer for non-target animals, but it may cause fire and needs to be lit before use. The fuming agent consists of main medicine, combustion improver and fuel, plus ignition part, and sometimes flame retardant is needed. General oral toxicity and fumigation toxicity, irritation and toxicity have no corresponding relationship. General pesticides are not toxic to warm-blooded animals. Visible smoke usually does not represent the total amount of smoke. These are all problems that should be paid attention to. At present, there is no universally accepted formula. When using the smoke agent, we should try to reduce the loopholes: if we can plug the hole first, it will be more economical if we only smoke and don't dig. Like the poison bait method, cigarettes cannot be used together. (3) Poisonous water is used to kill rats. Poisonous water is used to kill rats in places where water is scarce. Large areas, such as grain depots. We adopt a method to control domestic rodents all year round. In the dry season of spring and autumn, it is twice the result with half the effort to fill the water container with rodenticide solution to kill rats. As a commercial service unit, when the fruit used for killing rats is stuck with poisonous powder in a dry place, satisfactory results can be obtained. (4) Poison powder and ointment kill mice mainly because mice have the habit of adding hair to their front feet and bodies with their mouths. The prepared poison powder (generally more than 10 times the concentration of the poison bait) is scattered in places where rats often pass, or poison glue is applied around rat holes and corners of pipelines where rats often climb. This method is a good method for the residual stubborn rats (super rats) after deratization. This paragraph edits the organisms used to kill rodents, including both natural enemies of various rodents and pathogenic microorganisms of rodents; The latter is rarely used at present, and some people even hold a negative attitude. Use the natural enemies of rodents to control their numbers, so we should protect the natural enemies of rodents, such as owls, snakes, foxes, ferrets and so on. Although domestic cats can kill rats among natural enemies, they can spread plague and epidemic hemorrhagic fever, so cats cannot kill rats in the epidemic areas of these two diseases. There are many natural enemies of rats, mainly weasels, wild cats, domestic cats, foxes and other carnivores. Birds of prey such as eagles and owls, and snakes. Therefore, protecting the natural enemies of these rodents is conducive to reducing the harm of rodents. The ecological rodent control method in this section is mainly realized by worsening the living conditions of rodents and reducing the capacity of the environment to rodents. Among them, it is more important to reduce the hidden places of rats and cut off food sources. By improving the environment, including rat-proof buildings, cutting off rat food, transforming farmland, improving indoor and outdoor environmental sanitation, and removing hidden places for rodents, that is, controlling, transforming and destroying the living environment and conditions conducive to the survival of rodents, rodents can not survive and reproduce in those places. Ecological rodent control is an important part of comprehensive rodent control. Environmental deratization: Rats need water, food and hidden habitat to survive and reproduce. Therefore, creating an environment that is not suitable for its survival can greatly reduce the number of rats in a place and easily consolidate the results of rodent control. Therefore, first of all, we should do a good job in environmental sanitation, remove weeds around the house and articles piled at random, often clean indoor and outdoor sanitation, tidy up all kinds of utensils and sundries, and regularly check suitcases, wardrobes, books, shoes and hats to prevent rats from nesting. Cut off the food of rats: the food of rats includes not only human food, but also feed, garbage, leftovers from food industry, feces and so on. These things should be stored in a covered, seamless container, so that rats can't get food and passively eat poison bait, thus achieving the purpose of killing rats.