Short answer: What kind of work is Gu's Han Xizai Banquet?

Name the banquet in Han Xizai.

Category coloring painting

Five Dynasties (the original trace has been lost, this version is a copy of the Song Dynasty)

Author gu

The silk replica of this cultural relic, 28.7 cm wide and 335.5 cm long, is now in the Palace Museum in Beijing.

[Edit this paragraph] Description of cultural relics

Han Xizai's "The Night Banquet" is a masterpiece in China's painting history and one of the top ten famous paintings handed down from generation to generation in China. It depicts the scene of Han Xizai's family feasting, playing and having fun in a long scroll. In order to avoid the suspicion of Li Yu, the ruler of the late Southern Tang Dynasty, Han Xizai took lewdness as his hiding place. He likes to swim with the guests at every banquet. This picture depicts the whole process of a banquet in Hanfu. This long scroll has accurate and smooth lines, exquisite workmanship and expressive force. Elegant color, layered and unique.

In order to be suitable for desk viewing, the author divides the development process of the event into five pictures that are both related and divided. Composition and characters have gathered and dispersed, and the scene has moved. The portrayal of Han Xizai is particularly prominent. It appears repeatedly in the picture, either front or side, or moving or static, depicting subtly and vividly. Among the many roles, he is detached and generous, but there is no smile on his face. Under the contrast of joy, he reveals his inner depression and depression more deeply, which makes the characters have the nature of portrait painting in the plot painting. The whole painting is neat and delicate, and the line drawing is accurate and elegant. Characters often use bright colors such as scarlet, light blue, light green, orange and yellow, while indoor furnishings, desks and machine curtains often use dignified colors such as black gray and dark brown, which set off each other, highlight the characters and give the picture a calm and elegant meaning.

Han Xizai's Night Banquet was written by Gu, a great painter of the Five Dynasties. This picture scroll is not only a picture depicting private life, but more importantly, it reflects the customs of that particular era. Thanks to the author's careful observation, he never misses a detail, vividly portraying Han Xizai's life scene, and all the characters in the picture are lifelike. In this masterpiece, there are more than forty characters with different expressions, which appear repeatedly like montage, with outstanding personality and natural expressions. Han xizai's Night Banquet vividly reflects the life scene of the ruling class at that time from one aspect of life. With amazing observation and profound understanding of the protagonist's fate and thoughts, the painter created this masterpiece that deserves our eternal recollection.

The whole volume is divided into five sections, and each section is separated by a screen.

The first paragraph is "Listening to the Pipa", which describes Han Xizai and his guests listening to the pipa. The painter focused on the moment when the audience was concentrated at the beginning of the performance. The spirit and sight of each character in the painting are concentrated in the hands of the pipa girl, with compact structure and concentrated characters. However, the expression of people holding their breath made the scene very quiet. From this pipa player's hand, it seems that there are wonderful and crisp notes that shock the audience's eardrums and capture their inner feelings. According to their different identities and ages, painters depict their different postures, personalities and expressions, showing the author's extraordinary painting skills. There are seven men and five women in this passage, some of whom are real people. The pipa player is Jiao Fang's assistant, Li Jiaming's sister. Li Jiaming is the closest to her, and her head turns to her. The man in the red robe is the champion Lang Mei. Another student of Han, you, Lan, prostitute and Shan.

The second paragraph is "collective dancing", which describes Han Xizai personally beating drums for maiko, and the atmosphere is warm and turbulent. One of the monks stretched out his finger, as if he had just clapped his hands, and stared at Han Xizai's drumming without looking at the maiko, revealing an embarrassed expression, which completely conformed to the specific expression of this particular character.

The third paragraph is "intermission", which describes the rest scene in the middle of the banquet, and the characters are loosely arranged. Han Xizai, surrounded by the maids, lies on the back couch, washing his hands and talking to the maids. This is also a pause in the banquet plot shown in the whole picture, and the overall atmosphere is relaxed.

The fourth paragraph is "exclusive music", with dense characters. The musicians' playing actions make people feel the high and rich wind harmony and arouse the emotions of the appreciators. When the poetess played wind music, Han Xizai changed her casual clothes, sat cross-legged in a chair and talked to a maid. Female geisha who play music are arranged in a row, uneven and graceful, each with different dynamics, showing changes in unity, as if the picture is full of clear and pleasant music.

The fifth paragraph is "Farewell", which describes the end of the banquet, some guests leave, and some reluctantly talk and laugh with the prostitutes, ending the whole picture. A complete picture is interwoven with a warm, cold, lingering and gloomy atmosphere. Han Xizai's reluctance to life is implied in "eating, drinking and living", which in turn strengthens his persistence and yearning for life.

The use of furniture such as screens and beds in the picture has special functions. On the one hand, separate the pictures so that each picture can be independent. On the other hand, the pictures are linked together to form a unified picture. In the characterization, it highlights the outstanding skill of the painter, especially the protagonist Han Xizai, who has five scenes, but the costumes, movements and expressions of each scene are different, but the shape and personality are the same.

"Han Xizai's Night Banquet" has also reached a high level in painting with a pen. For example, Han Xizai's facial beard and eyebrows are in place, and his fluffy beard and hair seem to come from his skin. The lines of the characters' clothes are orderly and concise, very neat and free, and the lines outlined are like curved iron coils, which are both rigid and flexible. It is also unique in color application. In gorgeous colors, black and white are separated in large pieces, which plays the role of unifying the picture. People's costumes are bold, red and green, contrasting and echoing. Not many colors, but rich and unified. If you look closely, you can see that the embroidery pattern on the clothes is as fine as hair and extremely fine. All these show the outstanding achievements of China's traditional meticulous painting, which makes this work occupy an important position in the ancient art history of China.

It is said that this picture scroll was made by the court painter Gu Feng on the orders of Li Yu. Han Xizai, the main character in this picture, is from Beihai in the Five Dynasties. He is a scholar in the late Tang Dynasty, famous for his calligraphy and painting. Father was punished for something, so Han Xizai fled to Jiangnan and went to Nantang. At the beginning, Li Jing, the leader of the Southern Tang Dynasty, was highly prized. After Li Yu succeeded to the throne, the later Zhou Dynasty in the north threatened the security of the Southern Tang Dynasty. On the one hand, Li Yu made peace with the humiliation of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, on the other hand, he tried every means to suspect and frame officials from the North, and the struggle within the entire Southern Tang ruling group became increasingly fierce and precarious. In this environment, Han Xizai, an official living in higher vocational colleges, deliberately disguised himself as a corrupt and muddled person in life to protect himself, so that Li Houzhu would not doubt that he was a man with political ambitions. But Li Yu still didn't trust him, so he sent Gu and Zhou Wenju from the Academy of Painting to his house to spy on Han Xizai's activities and ordered them to draw what they saw truthfully for him. Han Xizai, who is still smarter than a fool, certainly understands their purpose. Han Xizai deliberately gave a hearty performance in the form of not asking about current events, singing and dancing, and letting life slip by the wayside. With keen insight and amazing memory, Gu recited the process of Han Xizai's banquet at home, and immediately began to paint after returning. After seeing this painting, Li Yu spared Han Xizai and others for the time being, but a masterpiece handed down from generation to generation was handed down.

1990,1On February 20th, 990, China issued a set of five stamps for the five generations of Han Xizai banquets. It consists of five independent but interrelated pictures: listening to music, watching dance, resting, blowing and seeing off. Each painting is separated by a screen, showing the scene of Han Xizai's night banquet.

[Edit this paragraph] Related information

Han Xizai

Han Xizai (902-970), a native of Qingzhou, was an official of Southern Tang Dynasty in Five Dynasties and Ten Countries. Tongguang Jinshi in the later Tang Dynasty. Because his father was killed by Li Siyuan, he defected to Wu. In the Southern Tang Dynasty, he was promoted to be a doctor and assisted the prince in the East Palace. Excavate ascended the throne, moved the official department to be the foreign minister, edited and edited the history museum, served as the doctor of Taichang, and worshipped the Chinese book.

In 958 (the first year of Jiaotai), the currency depreciated, and he proposed to cast iron money to increase its value. A new big money is ten old money; A new penny, when two old money. Imitating the specifications of Kaiyuan Bao Tong, Xu Xuan is a kind of book seal. New money was minted and widely circulated. Han Xizai paid a visit to the assistant minister of the Ministry of Finance and made money. Later, he was promoted to minister of war and was appointed as a bachelor of Qin Zhengting.

He reads widely. I have never worshipped anyone. Good at writing, history says that "the patent system is elegant and harmonious." Scholars and Taoist priests kept asking him for inscriptions. He is also good at talking, listening, dancing, and has exquisite brush and calligraphy works, which is as famous as Xu Xuan. Singing, dancing, painting and calligraphy are all tasteful. He played bohemian and guarded Mount Wu, which loves prostitutes. Wu Wangshan is extremely handsome and smart, and can sing and dance well. Han Xizai tasted drums, and let Wushan dance "Six Yao" have fun. There are "Han Xizai's Night Banquet" and "Zongle" to record his luxurious life.

The late master (Li Yu), who dared to speak with loyalty and justice, repeatedly tried to seal him as a phase, but found it absurd and shelved it.

He is an assistant minister in Zhongshu and a bachelor in Zheng Guangting. After his death, he was named Right Servant Shooter, with the same title as Pingzhang, and was named "Wen Jing". There are more than 50 collections, quasi-collections (lost) and mottoes. In The Road to Ancient and Modern Wang Ba, Shu Ya prefaces it.

During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period (907-960), the literati kept singing songs (or Jia Ji and Le Ji). According to historical records, there are more than 40 geisha in Han Xizai's family.

According to historical records, the evil custom of China women's foot-binding originated from Li Yu.

Four years after Han Xizai's death, in the seventh year of Song Kaibao (AD 974), Song Fabing attacked Nantang, and the following year, Jinling was broken. Li Yu surrendered and lived a humiliating life as "Lacrimosa" in the Song Dynasty. At this time, he wrote the sad and eternal swan song of "When is the spring flowers and the autumn moon?". Song Taiping rejuvenating the country for three years (978), Li Yu died, this time he was poisoned by Song Taizong.

There are many records in the ancient "Han Xizai's Night Banquet". After many textual researches, this volume belongs to the codex from Xiaozong to Ningzong Dynasty (1 163- 1224) in the Southern Song Dynasty, and its style basically reflects the original appearance, reaching a high level, which can be called the treasure of ancient paintings handed down to this day.

Regarding the original author and painting background of Han Xizai's "The Night Banquet", there is such a record in Volume 7 of the Northern Song Dynasty's "Xuanhe Painting Spectrum": "Gu is also from Jiangnan. This is a question of impersonating Li Shifu. Being good at painting is unique to a character. At that time, China calligrapher Han Xizai traveled around the world with great prestige. He is very talkative and likes to drink at night. Although the guests were rubbing miscellaneous things and cheering wildly, he was no longer restrained. Li cherished his talents and ignored them. The sound spread all over the world, and I heard it was bleak. However, I want to see the way lights and candles are intertwined. I was ordered to sneak a look at it in the middle of the night so that I could remember it and draw it. Therefore, there was a night banquet. "

The author of "The Painting of Xuanhe" thinks that it is indecent for Li Yu to order people to "write about the personal humiliation of courtiers" and should "read it and abandon it". However, this painting still entered the imperial government's gallery in the Northern Song Dynasty, and there are still several paintings in the imperial government's collection, such as Gu Dazhong's "Han Xizai Zongle Map" recorded in "Painting of Xuanhe" and so on. Since the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, many descriptive books have been found, and Mr. Xu Bangda has made a detailed textual research on this in his book "Gu Shuhua Pseudo". It can be seen that Han Xizai's "The Night Banquet" is the motif and blueprint that later painters continue to copy in the history of painting.

In addition to Gu, there is also a painter Zhou Wenju. "Life Zhou Wenju gu figure Han Xizai night swallow figure, to see two weeks painting; What I saw in the capital is slightly different from Zhou's deeds. "(Dong Hua Jian) It can be seen that at least two painters were sent to spy on Han Xizai to understand his whereabouts and manners. Painted in five years in Gande (964).

Mr. Tai Jingnong quoted the writings of the Song Dynasty in "The Banquet and Han Xizai" (written in 1967), saying that "when the first emperor ascended the throne, there were many dead pigeons, while Han Xizai was afraid of it. The more frank he was, he violated social laws, cut off his goods, sold prostitutes and attracted hundreds of people. "

Gu's original work has long been lost, but Han Xizai's Night Banquet, which is now in the Palace Museum in Beijing and handed down from generation to generation, is considered to be the oldest existing manuscript, which is said to be the manuscript of the Northern Song Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty. This painting is colored with silk, 28.7 cm long and 335.5 cm wide.

At the beginning of Qianlong, this painting was transferred from private collection to Qing Palace, and was included in the first episode of Shiqu Baodi. 192 1 year, Puyi was taken out of the palace and sold, and then bought by Zhang Daqian and brought to Hong Kong. In 1950s, it was bought back from Hong Kong privately and put into the Palace Museum in Beijing.

A volume of Han Xizai's Night Banquet is divided into five sections in chronological order, and each section is cleverly separated by a screen, which is both related and independent. There are many original opinions in the picture, which reflect the author's keen and delicate observation and skillful expression. From the structure of the whole painting, the painter divides the picture into four parts by using three large vertical screens, and expresses the sense of space depth of each part through the symmetrical layout of objects such as reclining couch, desk and screen. There are 46 people in the whole picture (2 1 female 28 male). Some characters appear frequently, and their images are unified. Han Xizai appeared five times in the painting, three-quarters on the left, right and front, but the shape and spirit remained unchanged; His eyes were wide open, his brow furrowed and he was worried. With the development of the dinner plot, Han Xizai changed his clothes many times from wearing a black robe (listening to songs) to taking off his yellow shirt (playing drums), to wearing a black robe (resting), to wearing only underwear (blowing hair) and finally wearing a yellow shirt (seeing Fujian off).

In front of the water, there are 20 sentences left by people in the Southern Song Dynasty, which are "Xi Zai's romantic life is clear and broad, and he is a celestial official, ...". Starting from the seal script "The Night Banquet" written by Cheng Nanyun in Ming Dynasty, there is a question about the Qianlong emperor of Qing Dynasty, who is separated by a river.

Listen to music. The air under the stage seems to be condensed, and everyone is listening with bated breath, indulging in melodious music. Han Xizai, sitting on the sofa wearing a black E-crown, his hands naturally droop. The guest sitting on the sofa wearing a red robe and a square towel is Lang Meili, the new champion of the year. Other guests and waiters sitting or standing in the room are listening to Geji playing the pipa. Several boxes in front of them are full of wine and fruit.

Lang Mei (name, address and official calendar are all to be tested) Song Gande won the first prize in the Southern Tang Jinshi Examination in 1967. At that time, he was in his twenties and liked singing and dancing. He is a frequent visitor to Han Xizai banquets. There should be 19 winners in the Southern Tang Dynasty, and there are 9 recorded winners. Others 10 will not be recorded.

The two guests on the chair in front of the bed are about the doctor and Zhu Ziweilang. The middle-aged man sitting with his back to the audience is Dr. Chen Zhiyong. He is well-dressed and has a correct sitting posture. Dr. Taichang is in charge of the five rites ceremony of the imperial court and is responsible for the sacrificial ceremony. He suggested that posthumous title, a royal official with three or more titles, was a position with clear hope, and he was not competent for the authority of imperial etiquette.

Other guests attending the concert included,, Zhu,, Chong Ji, Lan Wei and Shan.

On the far right side of the picture, that is, behind the couch, there is a bed with black golden flowers. There is a red quilt and a pipa on the bed. Prove that there have been or have been geisha sleeping here.

The woman who plays the lute opposite Han Xizai is Li Ji, the sister of Li Jiaming, the deputy envoy of Jiao Fang. She wears a tall hairpin and a colorful dress, holding a lute in her hand. It was Li Jiaming who leaned down beside her. The girl in blue standing on Li Jiaming's left is Wu Wang Mountain. The other two officials look like people, one of whom is Han Xizai's favorite pupil, Shu Ya.

Watch dancing and play drums. Han Xizai took off his robe and sleeves, drummed and danced for Wu Wangshan's green waist dance ("Six Yao Dance"), and the song and dance activities of the dinner reached a peak, which was also the climax of the plot structure of the whole volume. Han Xizai's beard is Li Jiaming, the special envoy of Jiao Fang. The man in red is A Lang. My good friend monk Deming met this scene unexpectedly. In this mixed entertainment, he felt embarrassed and stood awkwardly, but he couldn't stop listening to this moving dance music. Han Xizai once told monk Deming the intention of lavish banquet: "I came here to escape from life in the country." So he "travels around the world with your dignity. He is so loud that he only drinks at night. Although the guests were mixed and cheered wildly, he was no longer restrained. "

In the study of music and dance etiquette, the gesture of the listener and monk Deming crossing their hands in the volume is the sign language "fork hand" in Song Dynasty.

Wu Wangshan, a small and exquisite prostitute, is dancing in response to the festival, while Han Xizai rolls up his sleeves in front of the Jie drum, grabs the drumstick and drums to announce the rhythm.

Liu yaowu

"Green Waist" is a big name in music and dance in Tang and Song Dynasties, belonging to the category of "soft dance" in Tang Dynasty. Also known as Liu Yao, Lu Yao and Xerox. The dancers are dressed in long sleeves and narrow skirts, and their movements are light and feminine. The movements are mainly dance sleeves. The rhythm changed from slow to fast, and the dance was elegant and smart, like a bird that was surprised to fly. Liu Yao's music is very popular, so there is a poem "Liu Yao mink sings by everyone", which is often used as a pipa solo.

In this painting, Wu Wangshan performed "six kinds of dances". The dancer turned her back to the audience and came from the upper part of her right shoulder. He was wearing a sky-blue long-sleeved dress, with his head slightly tilted, his eyebrows slightly lowered, his back behind him and his right foot slightly raised, and he was about to step down. The hands behind her seem to be separated from the bottom to both sides, waving her long sleeves, and her expression is subtle and charming. Han Xizai's Night Banquet is the only dance relic with clear time, specific occasion, dance name and dancer's name.

Liu Yao dance was still popular in the Song Dynasty. There are various names of "six hexagrams" in the number of official dramas in the Southern Song Dynasty, such as: six hexagrams of Cuihu, six hexagrams of Yingying and six hexagrams of Cook. From this, it can be proved that in the Song Dynasty, Liu Yao had been absorbed by the art of traditional Chinese opera. China's traditional operas absorbed the historical facts of ancient traditional dances and showed them clearly.

Jie drum

Jie: [name] (1) castrated ram. Generally refers to sheep [wet], (2) another example, Jie (the smell of goats), (3) an ancient national name in China. Originated from xiao yue branch; Once attached to the Huns. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, Shangdang County (now counties near Lucheng, Shanxi Province) scattered the Han nationality, engaged in agriculture and was enslaved by the Han landlords, so it was called "Hu Jie". Believing in the "Hu Tian" Jin Dynasty and establishing the post-Zhao regime, it is one of the sixteen countries in Wuhu. Hu Jie (formerly used to refer to foreigners from the north). Jie: [move], castrate [cast], Jie chicken, castrate chicken also. -Qing Hao "Popular Compilation").

Lei Drum is an ancient drum in China. Thin waist. It is said that it originated from the Jie nationality.

The joint is a musical instrument from abroad. The drum skin is made of ram's skin, so it is called Jiegu. The sound it makes is mainly the second method of Yang method in the twelve ancient laws. In ancient times, residents of Qiuci, Gaochang, Shule and Tianzhu all used Jiegu.

The knot drum is located in the Dutan drum and a pull drum (Dutan drum, smaller in shape than the waist drum). Answer the wax drum, which means wiping the drum) and the chicken drum. In the past, it was painted bucket-shaped, surrounded by mountain Sang Mu, placed under the bedstead and struck with two drumsticks. The sound of Jie drum is rapid, intense and loud, which is especially suitable for playing fast-paced songs. It can be used for fighting drums and cheering for soldiers on the battlefield. At the same time, when enjoying the scenery on a tall building, it can also be played when the moon is bright and the wind is cool, and the drums can spread far away, which is very different from other musical instruments.

Jiegu mallet is generally made of wood such as Dalbergia odorifera, dog bone and pepper. Wood must be dry, so as to prevent moisture and make it flexible and greasy. Only when the wood is dry, the drum sound is the clearest and loudest, and satiny means letting the Jie drum beat the hoofbeat like a horse running. When rolling paint barrels, use hard iron, the iron should be thin and the roll should be uniform. If the iron is not rigid, the edge of the drum is uneven and elastic. When the coil is uneven, the drum skin is tight and loose, and the force is uneven when hitting. Just as the strings of a stringed instrument are not tied properly, the sound of the piano is not allowed to escape. Such a drum will also sound out of tune.

In the Tang Dynasty, many people loved and were good at Jie Gu. Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was one of them. He often said: "Jiegu is the first of eight tones, which can't be compared with other musical instruments." And make a drum song "Autumn Wind is High", which is played whenever the air is crisp in autumn. Song, the prime minister at that time, loved vocal music and was especially good at playing Jie drums. He said to Xuanzong: "When playing drums, if you can make your head like a green mountain peak and your hands like white raindrops, then you are an expert at playing Jie drum. It means that you can't move your head when you beat the drum, and you are in a hurry, just like a heavy rain. Musician Li Guinian is also good at playing Jie drum. Once, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty asked him how many drums and sticks he had broken. Li Guinian said, "I have broken 50 drums and sticks. Tang Xuanzong said, "You are not special. I have already discounted three cabinets. " (Out of Taiping Guangji) ("Jie Gu's Poetry" Author: Xiao Chen finishing)

After a drum dance, exhausted Han Xizai hurriedly put on his robe and sat on the couch with four maids. A maid is serving him to wash his hands (the one with the washbasin is dressed in blue and petite, so it should be Wu Wangshan). Han's fingers were lightly touched with water, and his face was sullen and absent-minded. Next to him, one maid wants tea, and the other maid is preparing a flute, flute and pipa. The candle in the picture has burned halfway, indicating that it is midnight. The two sets of scenes are skillfully connected by two women who seem to have just left the front hall and are about to go to the back room.

After sitting on the sofa, there is a bed with red golden flowers. The bed is a blue quilt, as if someone were in it. A woman is holding a pipa and three bamboo flutes.

Blow. Han Xizai took off his clothes and sat in a chair, bared his chest, waved a fan to drive away the heat, talked to the ladies-in-waiting, and enjoyed the ensemble of five prostitutes playing the flute, as if indulging in debauchery, with three ladies-in-waiting.

Chen Zhiyong (another student, Shu Ya) rolls dice. The five geisha are all sitting, each with its own state, gathering and dispersing differently, which is very vivid. In the corner of the screen, another male guest stood by the screen, turned around and whispered to the woman outside the screen, guiding the viewer's eyes to the next screen.

The musicians in the volume were openly arranged in master classes or couches, which was unprecedented before the Northern Song Dynasty. Before the Northern Song Dynasty, there was no etiquette for women to use their seats in front of men. In addition, the shapes of furniture such as screen inserts, chairs, sitting piers, dental strips, paper strips, bowls, candlesticks, etc. The furniture appearing in the volume of Hanshu is also consistent with the furniture used in other Song paintings and the artifacts unearthed from the Song tombs.

Go back to the party to see the guests off. At the end of the song, Han Xizai changed into a yellow shirt, adjusted her clothes a little, and got up and waved goodbye to the guests. Han Xizai stood facing right, in the center of the audience's line of sight. With a drumstick in his hand, he gestured with the other hand and stayed enthusiastically. )。 That Chen Zhiyong (? ), can't afford to sit, and loathe to give up two prostitutes; At the end of the volume, a woman cries goodbye, and a man tries to persuade her with gentle words. ......

This volume is no longer just a picture, but a combination of visual images and words. This change needs special attention, because it not only profoundly changes the process of watching and understanding paintings, but also represents the general situation in China painting art-an ancient painting often adds inscriptions by new collectors. Therefore, there is a complicated relationship between the inscription and painting: on the one hand, the inscription is based on painting, which embodies the priority of painting. For example, in The Banquet in the Forbidden City, the earliest biography of Han Xizai written by an anonymous person in the Southern Song Dynasty after this painting comes from literature records, while others are directly related to the characters painted in the painting. Subsequently, the poet or painter will identify the characters in the picture according to this narrative, or will sprout the implied meaning of the blank in the picture. In this way, the inscription inevitably changes the inscription and the viewer's recognition and understanding of the painting content, and the inscription has a priority over the picture. Whether it is literature description or inscription, most of them are based on the description of the theme of the picture, and rarely involve the formal expression characteristics of the picture itself. The role of the painter in artistic creation is almost completely ignored. The reason why Gu's "Banquet Map" was copied repeatedly by later generations is inseparable from his artistic achievements.

This picture was first recorded in Dong Tang's Painting Guide in Yuan Dynasty, and later recorded in Sun Chengze's Gengzi Ji Xiaoxia and Gu Fu's Splendid Life in Qing Dynasty.

[Edit this paragraph] Related collectors

Tail a paragraph of "The Practice of Han Xizai" written by Anonymous; After the volume, there are the "Shaoxun" gourd seal in the Southern Song Dynasty and the "Shangqiu Collection Original" seal in the Qing Dynasty. Followed by the running script Biography of Han Xizai, followed by a poem written by Ban Weizhi Taiding in the third year of Yuan Dynasty (1326), and an inscription by the owner of Yuzhai. Wang Duo wrote inscriptions in the Qing Dynasty across the water, followed by collections such as "Jiaolin Jushi" and "Xiao Wei Caotang Painting", and the seals of collectors such as Wang, Liang Qingbiao in the Ming Dynasty. There is also the long postscript of Emperor Qianlong and the seal of the collection of the Qing government.

Shimiyuan

Southern Song Dynasty powerful minister. This word is the same as uncle. People from Yinxian County, Mingzhou. In the 14th year of Xichun (1 187), he was a scholar. In the third year of the Jubilee (1207), the northern expedition in Hanyazhou failed, and the rulers came to find the mastermind. At that time, Shi Shi, assistant minister of the Ministry of Rites, and Yishan of Zishantang colluded with Queen Yang and others, and sent Xia Zhen, who was in charge of the official business in front of the temple, to kill Han Tuozhou with a hammer in the garden, and then wrote to him to send money for peace. Therefore, Shi was promoted to be the right prime minister and special envoy of the Tang Dynasty, and was independent of Zhao for seventeen years.

In the 13th year of Jiading (1220), the crown prince begged for death. The following year, Qin Shihuang's younger brother, the son of King Yi, became a prince and changed his name to Hong. Stone is so powerful that he can't keep his heart calm. A few days later, he wrote: "It is absolutely necessary to match 8,000 Li" and called it "Xin 'en", which means that the stone will be exiled to Xinzhou (now emerging in Guangdong) or Yangjiang (now Guangdong) one day. When I was afraid, I sought to abolish it. I got the imperial clan Zhao and Ju from Yuezhou, gave them precious sincerity, and made them queen, which I strongly support.

In August of the seventeenth year of Jiading, he died and taught Zhao to establish Guicheng, renamed Yun, for his own use. The emperor's name is Ji Wang and he lives in Huzhou. In the first month of the first year of Baoqing (1225), Pan Ren and others from Huzhou tried to establish a king, but they were forced to hang themselves and play dead. Since then, he and Song Lizong Zhao Yun have been alone for nine years. Shi was in power for twenty-six years in two dynasties. Take Xuandian and Xue as the heart, Wang Yu as the eyes and ears, and Feng as the minions. He is good at political affairs and has power both inside and outside. Xue, Hu, Nie Zishu and Zhao Rushu, four people with attached stones, are the closest friends, and people call them "four trees"; Li Zhixiao, Liang Chengda and Mo Ze spared no effort to exclude dissidents, and people called them "Three Fierces". Courtiers Zhen, Wei Liao Weng, Hong, Hu and others all talked about it and were all driven away. Shi and others have always adopted a policy of concession and compromise to Jin, and at the same time madly plundered the people of the Southern Song Dynasty. He has the right to take bribes, and the goods are paid to the public. A large number of new coins are printed, and they are not exchanged with gold, silver and copper coins. Only the old coins are exchanged with the new coins, and the old coins are folded in half. As a result, it will be flooded, the currency will fall, prices will soar and people will suffer. Shi has always been trusted by Hehe, and he was promoted to be a big official and knighted. He died in Shaoding for six years (1233) and was posthumously named Wang Wei, making great contributions.

Ban Weizhi

Word Gong Yan,No. Shuzhai, Daliang (now Kaifeng City, Henan Province); Or that Songjiang (now Songjiang County, Shanghai) people live in Hangzhou. Deng was the founder of Hangdao Confucianism and studied under Deng. During the Yuan Dynasty, accompanied by Deng, he applied to write the Tripitaka for the royal family. Too, recommend and supplement Professor Fu Liang (now Poyang County, Jiangxi Province). Soon, he moved to Jinzhou (now Jinxian County, Hebei Province) to serve his sentence. During He Zhinian, he was promoted to the general manager's office of Shaoxing Road. Shunzhi for three years (1332), most books were supervised by the secretary. In the third year of Zhiyuan (1337), Changshu, Pingjiang Road, was well known, except for doctors. Since Zheng Zheng took office, he has promoted Confucianism in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. The rank of Confucianism is full, and then it goes north to Dadu, and it is granted to wait for the system. Zhishi returned to the south and died in Hangzhou. Ban Weizhi is knowledgeable, versatile and good at calligraphy. His lyrics and songs are also famous. Yuan Zhongsi became Ghost Record and was selected as one of the top ten composers of Jin Fang Gong Ming. Zhu Mingquan's Taihe Yin Zhengpu listed it in Linz Yingjie 150 people.

Sun Chengze

Sun Chengze was a famous scholar in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, and he wrote A Tale of Tianfu and A Dream of Spring.

Word, number, number Beihai, number. Tuigu Born in the twenty-first year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1593), he was admitted to the imperial examination in Chongzhen in four years and retired in Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty in ten years. He died in the 15th year of Kangxi at the age of 84 (Yan Chongnian's "Sun Chengze's Life Test"). His ancestral home is in Shandong. /kloc-At the beginning of the 5th century, Ming Chengzu ordered his family to move to Qingzhou, Shandong, and other government officials went to Shanglinyuan (in Beijing Nanyuan). Therefore, Sun Chengze's generation is regarded as "old Beijing". When Sun Chengze was appointed as the left assistant minister of the official department during the Shunzhi period, Chen Mingxia, a college student who recommended me, was appointed as the official department minister. It is anti-system for Shunzhi to recommend cabinet ministers by assistant ministers, thinking that Sun has other plans and improper intentions. After that, Sun Chengze "asked to get rid of the disease and (not) allow it." After Sun Chengze "retired", he built a villa-Mingshun Park in this Gaogang area north of Liangjiayuan, and wrote books for more than 20 years. At this time, he also built a villa in Jingxi, named "Tuigu". Jingxi Yingtaogou was originally named Tuigu, hence its name.

Luo Song

Luo Song (1634- 17 13) is a native of Shangqiu, Henan province, also known as Mantang, Xibei and Mianjinshan. In the fourth year of Qing Shunzhi, the guards were ordered to ban the DPRK, and they came first in the exam for a year. In the third year of Kangxi, Huangzhou was sentenced to general punishment, and was repeatedly moved to the doctor of punishments, and then transferred to the aisle, moved to Gauss, Shandong Province, and was promoted to the governor of Jiangxi and transferred to the governor of Jiangsu. Jin official department ministers, plus Prince Shaobao Zhishi. He is the author of 50 volumes of Xibei Draft and two volumes of Yunlang Bibi. This volume of "Luo Song" is stamped with the seal of "Original Works of Shangqiu Luo Song".

Zhang Daqian

After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Zhang Daqian once lived in the Summer Palace in Beijing. He was going to settle in Beijing, and at that time, A Qing Wang Fu's house happened to be for sale. Zhang Daqian was very satisfied with the house, so he negotiated the price with the owner and paid a deposit.

One day, Zhang Daqian learned from the mouth of an antique dealer that Han Xizai's Night Banquet was bought by Beijing Yuchi Mountain House (owner Ma Jichuan). Zhang Daqian wanted to buy this famous painting after hearing the news. Han Xizai's "The Night Banquet" is the quintessence of Chinese painting, a rare treasure, which was treasured by emperors of all dynasties. Puyi, the last emperor, brought this painting to the Puppet Manchuria Palace in Changchun, northeast China. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, some of the lost treasures in the Puppet Manchuria Palace were scattered among the people, among which Han Xizai's Night Banquet was transferred to the Yuchi Mountain House in Beijing. In the evening, Zhang Daqian came to the home of a friend surnamed Xiao in Nanxin Street, Beijing to discuss the argument. Xiao Yunzhong, a friend's son, is a student of Zhang Daqian. His friend asked him to accompany Zhang Daqian to the Fish Pond Mountain House. Boss Ma asked for five hundred and twenty gold, and Zhang Daqian agreed. He hurried to a friend's house with a picture scroll to enjoy this rare and famous painting with his friends again. They looked at the painting for a while and decided that this "The Night Banquet" was definitely an original, not a fake. Zhang Daqian decided to postpone buying a house in Wang Fu and buy "The Night Banquet" first. He has a seal that says, "north and south, east and west, are inseparable." . Stamp the scroll.