What is neighborhood sports?

Neighborhood movement, in essence, refers to neighborhood effect. Residents or local units are worried that construction projects (such as garbage dumps, nuclear power plants, funeral homes and other neighborhood facilities) will bring many negative effects on their health, environmental quality and asset value, thus stimulating people's aversion complex and breeding the psychology of "don't build in my backyard", that is, taking strong, resolute and sometimes highly emotional collective opposition or even boycott.

Psychological and cognitive factors that lead to the neighborhood effect;

1, distrust the government and project sponsors.

When people generally lack trust in the government, or when the affected communities encounter failures or negative experiences in communication with the government, residents tend to feel unsafe and unfair because of the lack of transparency in the decision-making process. Once the government's economic compensation scheme is obviously unfair, it will easily lead to excessive self-protection behavior.

2. Lack of knowledge and information.

When stakeholders lack full understanding of the short-term and long-term consequences of public welfare neighborhood facilities, it is easy to accept some inaccurate or wrong concepts, subjectively narrow the positive role of neighborhood facilities and exaggerate their negative consequences.

3. Narrow and one-sided views on problems, risks and costs.

"As long as it's not built in my backyard" and "why should we bear the consequences that the whole society should bear" are all narrow views that may appear when there is a lack of social responsibility. In grass-roots social politics, these views are easily supported by the masses, and may also be manipulated by some grass-roots politicians.

4. Emotional evaluation of neighborhood facilities.

On the one hand, the decision on the location and compensation of neighborhood facilities is often considered to be imposed by the community, which leads to emotional reaction; On the other hand, antagonistic emotions and behaviors will aggravate the community's subjective expectation that the facilities may be threatened, forming a vicious circle.

5. General and special risk aversion.

For residents with risk aversion tendency, they are more inclined to pay attention to the negative effects brought by neighborhood facilities.

Extended data

Reflections on solving the dilemma of neighborhood avoidance;

1, and the cost of interest expression is low.

Every specific neighborhood movement is an extreme expression of interests, and citizens, society and local governments have paid a huge price. In the meantime, citizens don't know or the threshold for obtaining information is high, the channels for expressing interests are narrow, and the local government's response to demands is slow, which leads to small things dragging on and big things dragging on, all of which need reflection.

It is urgent to construct a low-cost interest expression mechanism. It is necessary to timely, accurately and comprehensively disclose government information involving the vital interests of the masses and reduce the cost of obtaining information by relevant interest groups; Broaden the channels of interest expression, not only let all stakeholders share a stable public discourse space, but also let all parties concerned have rational discussions and debates, so as to avoid the groups whose interests are damaged from becoming the silent majority or the explosive majority; It is necessary to respond to the demands of interest groups in a timely manner, absorb and integrate public opinion, and form a practical impact on decision-making output.

2. Damaged interests are compensated.

Neighborhood facilities are legitimate because they involve personal interests and public interests. In order to give consideration to both, it is necessary to explore the establishment of public compensation mechanism, so that the injured minority can obtain interest compensation and realize Pareto equilibrium, thus ensuring public interests. Public compensation should be close to the people, easy to accept and easy to operate.

Compensation can be cash compensation. For example, in Taiwan Province Province, China, before the operation of the waste incineration plant, the Environmental Protection Bureau provided cash compensation at 5% of the bid price in the main project; It can be compensation for public services, building public service facilities and increasing public welfare, such as building schools, parks and libraries to improve the quality of communities; It can also be compensation for employment opportunities. A reasonable and sufficient package of interest compensation is likely to make opponents accept neighborhood avoidance projects.

3, forming a buffer isolation belt.

From the process, the Ningbi movement has a process from the initial individual atomization protest, to the series through social media, and then to seek the support of opinion leaders, social knowledge, professionals and social organizations. In this process, the buffering and isolating functions of social organizations are very important.

4. Social organizations should be cultivated and developed vigorously to form a buffer space between the government and the public.

It is necessary to give play to the role of social organizations in guiding interest groups to express their interests rationally and legally, and resolve contradictions in the bud and initial stage. Especially in neighborhood conflicts, we should mobilize social organizations to restrain or discourage their members from participating, give up excessive behavior, minimize the number of participants and deviant behavior, and truly become a buffer and regulator of society.

5. Pay attention to the guiding role of opinion leaders, professionals and intellectuals.

They are often important participants in the neighborhood movement, and it is in an instant to stop boiling or add fuel to the fire. It is necessary to establish a think tank, recruit talents and play a role in peacetime. Only in an emergency can we guide the neighborhood movement to develop in a direction that is in line with the public interest. Tsinghua teachers' and students' organizations, like PX, are good examples.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Neighborhood Effect

China Youth Daily-Neighborhood Movement: It is the pain of development and the pace of progress (the last five paragraphs)