Ma Longtan's enthusiastic charity.

In his later years, Ma Longtan served as honorary president of the Red Cross Society of Siping Street, president of the Moral Society and president of the Association of Hometown in Lu Zhi. He is enthusiastic about charity and donated money to support the construction of Qingyun Temple, Yongshou Palace and Mosque Hall in Siping City. Hometown people are willing to be guarantors when looking for jobs. They often spend money to buy coffins to bury starving people in Siping street, which is called "Ma Renshan". 1February, 940, died in Siping apartment, and the coffin was temporarily buried in Yunan, Dong Qing, Siping Street. 1948, his descendants moved to Fangshen Goutun in the suburbs. Fengcheng has its monument, praising: Fengshan is always there, duck water often flows, and merits and demerits are the same.

Ma Longtan (1857- 1940) was born in Ma Zhong village, Qingyun county. Smart since childhood, different from ordinary people. Quiet and demure, but extremely talented, he entered school at the age of five and never forgets anything. He is proficient in the subset of classics and history within a few years, so he is called a child prodigy. In his spare time, he studied martial arts to keep fit and taught himself the art of war. He was good at riding and shooting. By the age of eighteen, he was proficient in martial arts and gained a reputation.

Ma Longtan has been generous in helping people in need since childhood. One year near the Spring Festival, eight-year-old Ma Longtan asked his father for some money to catch up with his family. Seeing a strong man in rags kowtowing to passers-by in the street begging for his father's treatment fee, he gave all his money to the man without hesitation. After the family came home to report, Ma Fu not only didn't blame Ma Longtan, but also praised him for doing the right thing, saying that a man should take care of both home and abroad. It was this sentence that influenced Ma Longtan's life.

His father, Ma Qifeng, was a local gentry, and won the admiration of the public. 1In May of 868, the Nian army invaded Qingyun, and the elders of the county and township begged Ma Qifeng to take the lead in organizing the permanent defense against the enemy with his own fame. Ma Qifeng generously agreed, and soon set up an Yingyong team. In the battle with the Nian Army, Ma Qifeng and his eldest son Ma Longwen died one after another and were awarded the title of General Wei Zhen by the court. At the age of 18, he was the father of Yin, inherited the hereditary post of a captain, and was ordered to study in Beijing for two years. After returning from Beijing, Ma Longtan made a wide range of friends. He is charitable, helpful and solves difficult disputes for his neighbors. In case of drought, he opened a warehouse to help the people and was highly respected by the village.

Due to Ma Longtan's enthusiasm for making friends, generosity and wealth, coupled with years of drought and excessive disaster relief expenses, this originally wealthy family soon declined. 1896, when Ma Longtan was 39 years old, he decided to go out and do something, but he was depressed when he traveled to Beijing and Tianjin. Coincided with the signing of the Sino-Russian Secret Treaty, the Qing government promised Russia to build the Dong Qing Railway in the northeast. 1898, while forcing the Qing government to agree to lease Lushun port for 25 years, Russia demanded the construction of the "Nanman Branch Line". In order to turn Northeast China into a base for Russia to expand its aggression and dominate Europe and Asia, Ma Longtan decided to leave Shanhaiguan and participate in the construction of Nanman Railway. 1900, when Eight-Nation Alliance captured Beijing, General Fengtian increased his courage to recruit soldiers. Ma Longtan said generously: "A gentleman gives his life to serve the country." So he led hundreds of people into the army, entered the Gai 'er Army, and was appointed as a duct tape, which opened the prelude to his all-round military career.

Military professional knowledge

1890, Russia invaded Heilongjiang and Jilin from the north and east, and attacked north along the railway from Luda area. On September 28th, Russia occupied Liaoyang and approached Fengtian. After Ma Longtan joined the Beggars' Sect army, he fought with the Russian army for several days in a row, quickly showing his outstanding military ability, hitting the Russian army many times and becoming famous in one fell swoop. Later, in order to protect the safety of the mausoleum and keep the ritual vessels intact, he was awarded four products of Hualing by the imperial court.

At that time, in the northeast, there were wars and conflicts, thieves and robbers were rampant, and the people were in dire straits. Ma Longtan was ordered to suppress thieves. Because of his resourcefulness, proper command and almost invincible, he soon eradicated the bandits. Ma Longtan soon became a man who made robbers famous. Soon, he was promoted to patrol general, Wang, commander and other positions because of his outstanding military exploits.

In the process of suppressing bandits, he paid tribute to Corporal Xian, recruited talented people, and his prestige and strength continued to grow. During this period, he became sworn brothers with Zhang and Wu, became three famous military brothers in Fengtian, and was listed as one of the eight masters in Tongliao, becoming an important military force in Northeast China. Ma Longtan's Wu Lue is quite famous in the northeast, and his sworn brother Zhang Dui is both respectful and afraid. Zhang and Wu are both bandits, and their teams often do things that disturb the people and bully the people. However, Ma Longtan is very strict in managing the army. He asked his team not to commit crimes against residents in autumn. Once any troublemakers are found, they will be severely punished. In Ma Longtan's team, some people are bandits, and sometimes they relapse and harass the people. When Ma Longtan was informed, he personally tried and publicly executed those who took the lead in doing evil, which made the military discipline serious and maintained social order. In Fengcheng, there is a folk song "Ma Longtan is strict in running the army, catching bad guys, redressing people's grievances, and it's still sunny in Fengcheng ...".

During their stay in Fengcheng, Ma Longtan, the Japanese were salivating at this and had a difficult negotiation. On one occasion, several Japanese ships wandered in the river and made trouble. When Ma Longtan got the news, he knew it was by no means simple, because since the year before, the Japanese have been actively planning to form a "Zongshe Party", with the intention of expanding the sphere of influence in Northeast China and establishing "Manchu independence". This action is a provocative excuse for Japanese actions. If it is not handled well, it will lead to a big conflict with very serious consequences. Ma Longtan skillfully resolved a crisis by combining rigidity with softness. Later, when I learned that Ma Longtan was guarding this place, I dared not make waves easily, so the eastern region was rough. However, in the defensive field where Wu was stationed in the area, due to poor handling and constant friction, not only the local defenders had a headache, but also brought great pain to the local people. From this incident, we can also see Ma Longtan's literary skills. Zhang Chang, the king of Northeast China, often said, "Brother Longtan, commander of the East Horse, was shocked and made me worry-free."

Defend the frontier and let the people live and work in peace and contentment

At that time, the composition of military forces in Northeast China was very complicated, and most people were full of personal ambitions, with the aim of promoting to a higher position and making a fortune. Only Ma Longtan, who has always cherished a person who saves the country and loves the people, took "protecting the environment and people" as the starting point and the end result of all his actions when he saw that it was difficult for him to save the crisis. No matter how the situation changes, his determination to protect the environment and people has never wavered, and he has achieved good results, which is really rare in the officialdom in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China.

In the year of Xin Chou, gang leader Qi Lin gathered thousands of people to occupy Fengcheng, and Ma Longtan led a team to suppress Lien Chan. After the main force was eliminated, Yu Fei surrendered and begged for mercy, and the social order was controlled and obviously improved. In the 14th year of Guangxu, Ma Longtan led the right patrol battalion to Fengcheng. After he took office, his main goal was to eliminate violence. In a few years, the thief was caught and the case was not solved, which made the local people live a relatively stable life.

19 1 1 year, the revolution of 1911 broke out, and the provinces responded one after another, and the Qing regime was in chaos. Due to its special historical and geographical location, Fengcheng is extremely complicated. There are both revolutionaries who run around, and some stragglers who try to use the name of revolution to take chestnuts from the fire and disturb public order. The situation is very unstable. As a generation of Toshihiko, Ma Longtan has a profound analysis of the situation. He knew that the Qing Dynasty was dying. At this time, many people advised him to conform to the situation and be a vassal of the revolution. However, Ma Longtan has a deeper thought about this. He knew that Zhao Erxun, a crafty old scoundrel in Northeast China, was waiting to see. Once one step ahead, take him to crusade, but the people in Fengcheng are still making trouble. In particular, he considered that Japan and Russia have always coveted the Northeast, and if they take advantage of this gap, the mountains and rivers of the motherland will fall into the hands of foreign invaders. He made up his mind to defend his country and pity Gu Bangben. In order to prevent foreign invaders from finding gaps in the territory, he was on guard day and night and trained hard. In order to avoid civil strife, he worked hard to reduce the burden on the people, cut taxes and donate miscellaneous items, and attached importance to "promoting learning and educating people." At that time, many close friends were worried about his fate, but Ma Longtan turned a deaf ear to it and wrote a letter to his best friend, saying, "Although you are wise, you'd better go with the flow. Although you are in the foundation, it is better to wait. Although this is a principle throughout the ages, I am a microscopic person, and it is difficult to decide whether to be a dry Kun or to change it. However, I have no other ideas than trying my best to protect the safety of the people. " At the same time, he also confessed his own affairs: "If he is really like what he said in the future, I still hope that my brother can remember the years of friendship, collect my body and summon my soul. Merits and demerits are judged by future generations. My heart is my heart, God knows. " Its feelings are moving. After the overall situation was established, Fengcheng people were safe and sound, and they all admired Ma Longtan's foresight afterwards. 19 12 When the Republic of China was founded, Ma Longtan felt that the people in Northeast China could finally enjoy the peaceful and prosperous times, and happily wrote a poem, "Heroes never have too much blood, so don't let the sword be idle. Athletes have good skills and are willing to congratulate their compatriots. " The joy is beyond words.

At the end of this year, Fengcheng people set up a merit card for Ma Longtan, praising his merits and saying, "Fengshan always serves, ducks and waters often flow, and all merits are the same." Because of the war, Fengtian exacted a dime a dozen taxes, bandits were rampant, and the people were miserable. Kuandianzi under Ma Longtan's rule was in conflict with the government because of tax payment, and the situation was very critical. Local officials reported to Ma Longtan on the grounds that the people held a rally against taxes, and Ma Longtan went to the scene to learn the truth, be frank and reasonable with the people, thus avoiding a big bloody conflict. Under the auspices of Ma Longtan, in the next few years, the tax burden in this area was reduced, and Ma Longtan won the heartfelt support of the masses. Spontaneously set up a public monument for Malaysia's political integrity in the county, praising: "To the east of Kanto, there are great men, literate and armed, looking to sages ..... whoever is good at encircling troops will be sure of Tian; The public can steal, and the public can rule the border; Zhou En Xia Yi, Wei Zhen Long Yuan. "

Noble integrity

Loyalty and patriotism run through Ma Longtan's life. Whether resisting the invasion of Russia or opposing the civil war, he set out from the interests of the country and the nation, regardless of his own honor and disgrace. He deeply felt the pain brought by the war, so he strongly opposed the civil war. Facing the jittery situation in Shanhaiguan and the intrigue of the forces beyond the Great Wall, Ma Longtan was worried.

At that time, Zhang's personal ambition was expanding, not only to be the king of Northeast China, but also to dominate China. As a result, the contradiction with various factions deepened day by day, especially the relationship with Feng gradually reached the point of incompatibility, the two factions refused to give way to each other, and civil war was on the verge. Ma Longtan mediated many times, and finally both sides made concessions to avoid a civil war.

Zhang has always been suspicious of his talents, thinking that the articles on martial arts are much higher than himself, so he has taken precautions and suppressed them everywhere. 1920, Zhang dismissed General Dong Fang from his military post and transferred him to Daoyin Liaoyuan as a negotiator, in charge of Liaoyuan Fu Shang. Ma Longtan's tax cuts in Tao Chang promoted learning, promoted advantages and eliminated disadvantages, and won the hearts of the people.

Before the war between Zhang and Wu Zhifeng broke out, he personally went to Fengtian to find Zhang, and Chen expressed interest. He hoped that all directly affiliated service departments would try their best to bury the hatchet, unite various factions in the south, * * * set the overall situation of China, and * * * deal with the increasingly obvious Japanese aggression against China. However, Zhang, who was greedy for money, not only refused to listen to advice, but also became more skeptical. He was afraid that Ma Longtan had a deep mass base, and once he openly opposed the civil war, his hegemonic plan would be destroyed. So, in March of 1922, Ma Longtan was once again transferred to Sitao Railway Supervision and Senior Consultant of the Inspection Department of the three northeastern provinces and the Political Department of the two armies in Heilongjiang Province.

Shortly after Ma Longtan took office, he heard that Beijing Ministry of Communications would send a man named Guo Zebi to be the engineering director of Sitao Railway. Ma Longtan had long heard that this man was a pro-Japanese, willing to be a traitor, and immediately became furious and refused to accept it. The Beijing authorities had to take it back and appoint someone else.

At the beginning of the construction of Sitao Railway, some people were bought by the Japanese and wanted to contract the right to build roads to Japan's Okura Co., Ltd., but it was rudely returned by Ma Longtan. He was furious and asked, "Which is more difficult, Zheng Tao Railway or Beijing-Suiyuan Railway?" And made it clear: What Mr. Zhan Tianyou could do many years ago, we should do even more today, and give the country the right to build roads to foreigners. To put it mildly, we are incompetent, to put it seriously, it is treason! At Ma Longtan's insistence, the Zhengzhou-Taolu Railway was all designed by China people themselves, which greatly enhanced the ambition of China people.

193 1 After the September 18th Incident, Japan occupied three northeastern provinces and established the puppet Manchukuo. Knowing that there was nothing Ma Longtan could do, he resigned from all his posts and lived in seclusion in Siping, preferring to live a poor life rather than be seduced by Japanese officials. His eldest grandson used to work in Manzhouli Railway Bureau, and also resigned at the behest of Ma Longtan. However, because Ma Longtan has a high reputation in the Northeast, the Japanese want to use him to win people's hearts. When the Puppet Manchukuo was founded, Ma Longtan was declared governor without authorization and posted notices in an attempt to create a fait accompli and force Ma Longtan to submit. Ma Longtan flew into a rage when he heard the news. He went to the Japanese constitutional team to protest with crutches, hit his head on the corner of the table and vowed to die. The Japanese have no choice but to take back the order. Tianjin Ta Kung Pao reported the incident with the title "Ma Longtan's wrath touched the Japanese" and praised Ma Longtan's national integrity.

After the July 7th Incident, some of Ma Longtan's subordinates and old friends joined the puppet regime, and some even became local dignitaries. They visited or sent people to Mafu to invite Ma Longtan to participate in politics. Ma Longtan flatly refused: "It is your business that you are willing to be a traitor. I would rather die than do it!"

Li Du runs a school.

The reality makes Ma Longtan deeply realize that backward education is one of the important reasons leading to the country's weakness and poverty, so he attaches great importance to education, and he never gives up his insistence on education, whether he joins the army or is busy with government affairs. During his tenure as Tao Chang's hermit, he rebuilt the Confucius Temple, rebuilt the school, made a splash and advocated the reading atmosphere.

1924, when Ma Longtan was a consultant of Sitao Railway, he felt that No.15 Middle School in Lishu County was dilapidated, so he spent all his money to build a new middle school abroad, making it the school with the best equipment and conditions. There is also a story about donating money to run a school: Ma Longtan asked the treasurer how much money he had left, and the treasurer said there was still 10,000. When he learned that Ma Longtan was going to donate money to run a school, he said that he had just spent time, but in fact it was only five or six thousand yuan. Seeing that Ma Longtan was determined to donate, he had to ask Ma Longtan to give a number. Ma Longtan didn't say a word, but just picked up a pen and wrote a big "crooked" word, which made Mr. Accountant open his mouth and didn't close it for a long time. It is said that Mr. Accountant later had this word carefully framed and passed down from generation to generation as a family precept.

Ma Longtan has always had a wish for many years, that is, to run a school for his hometown so that all children in his hometown can enjoy education. However, due to various reasons, it has not been possible. After Ma Longtan's seventieth birthday, he was determined to put this long-cherished wish into practice. He called the whole family together, expressed his thoughts, and told his children and grandchildren that it is better to accumulate wealth than to accumulate virtue, and their children and grandchildren should rely on themselves. He will "accumulate all his life" and run a school for his hometown.

Immediately, he sold his family business into a modern foreign land, sent it to Qingyun's hometown, and established the first voluntary school in Shandong-"China-Malaysia Private High School". Although Ma Longtan is a Confucian scholar, he is very open-minded. He made it clear that the new school must not set up private school content, and the courses were all set up according to the most advanced schools in the country at that time, including Chinese, arithmetic, geography, history, music, drawing and self-cultivation gymnastics, including horizontal bar, parallel bars, football and wooden gun. Education has abacus, accordion, China map and foreign map for teachers to hang on the wall for lectures. At that time, even the facilities of some public colleges and universities were not comparable.

Students who enter the school must pass a rigorous examination. As long as their grades meet the admission criteria, they can enter school and enjoy free treatment. Except for students' meals, all expenses are borne by Ma Longtan, and the salaries of principals and teachers are also paid by Ma Longtan. Since the establishment of the school, a large number of talents have been trained, and Qingyun County, a remote and remote place, has become famous for a time.

Longtan is an official in many places, and it is a fat job. You want to make some money from it, that's a piece of cake, but he has always been honest and clean. By the time he died, he left no decent property to his descendants, which should be said to be unique in that era. Ma Longtan is a veritable Confucian general, who has read a lot of poems and learned a lot about ancient and modern times. He likes riding horses and shooting guns all his life, and amuses himself with calligraphy in his spare time. Chinese and foreign people keep asking for books. Ma Longtan's handwriting is very good, especially the running script. Ma Longtan is also keen on compiling local chronicles. In the third and sixteenth years of the Republic of China, he donated huge sums of money twice to extend the use of Confucianism, edited the Annals of Qingyun County, personally prefaced the title of the chronicle, and earnestly entrusted: "Only the elders in Hebei Province tried their best to correct the fallacies, but I failed to do so, so as to make it an official history", which made an important contribution to protecting Qingyun's history and culture.

1940, Ma Longtan ended his legendary life and died in Siping apartment at the age of 84. When the news came out, the whole city mourned. On the day of burial, people from Fengtian, Tao Chang, Fengcheng and other places rushed to Siping, and tens of thousands of people spontaneously went to see me off, and the team stretched for five miles. Up to now, Siping still retains Ma Longtan's former residence for future generations to admire.