What will be the final outcome of the old houses and communities in the city center?

What will be the final outcome of the old houses and communities in the city center? Combined with past experience and foreign cases, I would like to talk about my personal views and discuss them for reference only.

I. Basic understanding of old houses in old communities 0 1 The nature of old houses in old communities.

China implements two forms of land ownership: state-owned and collective-owned.

Urban land is generally state-owned, while rural and suburban land is collectively owned. Then, the old houses in the old downtown area are likely to be built on state-owned land except the land collectively owned by the village in the city.

02. Term of land use of old houses in old communities

According to the different building ages of old houses in old communities, the nature of houses will be different. Early old residential areas generally belong to welfare houses. 1998 After the housing commercialization reform began, the old houses and communities built in the city center generally belonged to commercial housing.

Generally speaking, the land use right of welfare housing is often allocated, and there is no limit on the term of use, but it can be used freely; Commercial housing land use rights are often sold for 70 years; But there are also distributions, and there will be some in the early stage of commercial housing. For example, the Jinxing Community in Kunming.

03. Why should we discuss the land rights of old houses in old communities?

It's simple, "the room leads to anywhere."

Houses cannot be built out of thin air, castles in the air, but must be built on land! After it is built, it can't move. It belongs to typical real estate.

Therefore, it is necessary to discuss land before discussing the house, and the property of land rights determines the direction of the house.

Second, the nature of land determines the final trend of old houses in old communities: 0 1, self-built houses in urban villages.

There may also be villages in the city center, often collective land. Although the houses built on collective land are old, they still belong to farmhouses (rural cooperative houses can also be classified as farmhouses, and some are small property houses).

Because there is no limit on the use period of the homestead, as long as the old farmhouse can live safely, it can still live and be passed down from generation to generation regardless of whether the household registration has moved out. The final direction of the house is completely decided by the property owner himself.

Of course, once the government expropriates the demolition, the final direction of the house will have to follow the policy, and individuals cannot control it.

02. Urban Welfare Room

In the welfare housing distribution of various old communities in the city center, land is often allocated, with no limit on the use period and no need to pay the use fee. Generally speaking, as long as the house is safe to live in, the house can continue to live, retain property rights and inherit from generation to generation.

However, it should be noted that since welfare housing is allocated land and used free of charge, even if the property rights have been divided into the names of employees, the final direction of such housing is more determined by policies.

For example, the housing reform unit is revoked, the unit does not exist, the right to speak is weakened, and the original rights and interests may be difficult to maintain. After the corresponding welfare housing is old, it is easy to be demolished. At that time, it will be difficult to keep the old community and have to face compensation and resettlement.

03, downtown commercial housing

The commercialization of housing began in 1998, and the first generation of commercial housing began to appear.

But in fact, before 1998, there were also commercial houses on the market. Some early commercial housing rights were expressed in the form of state-owned land transfer, but the house was commissioned and not as big as the current commercial housing.

Because the old houses in such old communities belong to pure commercial houses, the land has been paid and the transfer procedures have been completed; The house is also made of reinforced concrete and bought with money. After a certain number of years, the old houses in this kind of old community will face transformation, that is, the transformation of the old community in full swing in recent years, which will prolong the service life of the house, improve the community environment and make the old houses and old communities live better.

After these renovations are completed, the old house still faces the problem of the expiration of its service life. The final trend of the house is roughly as follows:

① Demolition and resettlement

The old houses in the old residential area in the city center have good location advantages, complete facilities, large land value and low building density, so many developers are often willing to invest in demolition and rebuild commercial residential areas on the original site.

For the owners of old houses, they can choose monetary compensation and leave with cash; You can also choose to move and continue to live in this area.

② Financing and reconstruction

The old residential area in the city center has good location advantages, convenient life, low floor area ratio and few households. At the expiration of 70 years, the house has become a dangerous building, but no developer is willing to invest in demolition. The owner can renew the land use fee for another 70 years, and then raise funds together to entrust a professional construction unit to build a house. Part of the new house is allocated by the original owner, and the rest can be sold and the funds are returned.

③ Nationalization.

The land life of the old community is 70 years. When this period expires, the house is already dangerous and can't live. No developer is willing to invest in demolition, and the owners can't reach an agreement to raise reconstruction funds. The house should be nationalized with the land!

After the government is nationalized, it has nothing to do with the original owner. Dangerous old houses can be linked with land use rights, re-listed for sale, demolished by delisted units themselves, and then built according to the plan.

④ Update again.

The old houses in the old community can still live safely after the 70-year land use period expires. Then the owner can renew the land use right for 70 years and continue to live in the house after paying the money. Of course, the transfer of property rights such as sale, mortgage, inheritance, replacement and gift is also possible.

The old house in the old community may be used for more than 70 years! Although the national standard is not less than 50 years, because there are many such examples abroad.

For example, the property right of an apartment in Singapore is 99 years. Minor repairs for five years, major repairs 10, and the house can really live in 1999. After the expiration of 1999, houses and land will be nationalized again and distributed by the state, which has nothing to do with the original property owners.

Old capitalist countries like Germany, the United States and Canada have built commercial houses for hundreds of years, and the life span of many of their houses has exceeded 100 years!

My friend bought a house in Canada and was 287 years old when he bought it. After several generations, I can still live a normal life, but I need constant renovation, repair and maintenance. Land is not the right to use, but ownership, private ownership, can be passed down from generation to generation! It laid the foundation of property rights for the sustainable existence of the house.

However, the disadvantage of private ownership of land is that it has to pay taxes every year, which is still relatively heavy, roughly two points. In other words, a house with a value of 1 10,000 needs to pay more than 20,000 property taxes every year. Most of the tax revenue is controlled by the local government, which is used to improve local people's livelihood, develop local education and hire police to maintain local law and order. Very few people pay the federal finance, which may be a major reason for the low housing ownership rate in developed countries!

Nowadays, many people blindly call for a property tax, but don't forget that the premise of others is that the land is private! In other words, all your houses and land can be taxed, because whoever demolishes the house, the property owner will demolish it if he wants, and it will be "sacred" if he doesn't want to demolish it! Even if the king comes, you can say "no"!

There is a classic case about house demolition and private property protection abroad, that is, "wind energy can enter, rain water can enter, but the king can't!"

King William I of Prussia (predecessor of the German Empire) found a low and ugly mill in front of his palace, which affected the image of the palace! So he sent someone to commandeer it in the name of the country. Who knows that no matter what the conditions, the miller does not agree. In a rage, the king forcibly demolished the mill, but the miller entrusted a lawyer to take the king to court, and finally the court ruled that the king should be restored to its original state! The reason is that private property is inviolable.

But now, my house is mine, just built on other people's land. I just rent land. When the 70-year lease expires, I have to pay the rent again to keep the house. If you don't pay, even if you can live in the house, you will be taken away; And even if the land is renewed, you have to pay the house every year. What should I say? It's hard to say, so the property tax is difficult to produce!

Third, what about the old community in the city center? 0 1, accept conversion

In recent years, with the introduction of policies, the central government allocated a large amount of funds to start large-scale renovation of old residential areas. In my opinion, if you don't need to pay for it yourself, you just need to give up some rights of the community in exchange for the transformation of the community, which is ok.

After all, after the renovation of the old community is completed, all kinds of living facilities will be better, which will help improve the living experience, enhance the value of the house and extend the service life.

02, accelerate the upgrading.

At present, housing prices are very high, and some comrades may not be able to afford new commercial housing, so they buy the old community next to others. This is a good opportunity for some old owners to replace their old houses. It may be a good choice to cash in and carry a bag.

03, waiting for demolition

The most valuable thing is not the house, but the land!

In the old community in the city center, what is valuable is not the house, but the land. It goes without saying that the land in the city center is so scarce. It is precisely because of this scarcity that many developers are willing to invest in the demolition of old communities.

Therefore, based on the scarcity of land brought by location advantages, there are still many choices in the future, and they still have the initiative. If you are worried, speed up the replacement, and if you are calm, rent it out and wait for the demolition. It should be good.

Thank you for inviting me. What is the final outcome of the old house and the community? Old houses in every city have two endings, either to exist or to disappear. Left-behind old houses exist in different ways, such as quadrangles in Beijing and old houses in Shanghai. They are protected because of their historical and cultural values and will be preserved as historical and cultural labels forever. And how will the old cities of most cities in China exist? Basically, there will be a gradual upgrading process, which is the "old reform" we often hear, which is the final outcome of old houses and old communities.

Why take the form of "old reform"? First of all, the old houses and communities in the old city have problems left over from history-old and shabby. Faced with the problems of old houses, old apartments, inconvenient parking and insufficient greening, it must be changed.

Secondly, although the houses in the center of the old city are old, the advantages of surrounding supporting resources can not be ignored. Because the center of a city is based on the accumulation of years of development, basically the supporting facilities are very complete and mature. Generally speaking, the old houses and communities in the city center are not far from schools, hospitals, shopping malls and other supporting facilities. Some "shabby" houses are even more expensive than those in the new district, because there are resources for school districts. Due to the mature supporting resources of the old center and other factors, it can only take the form of "transformation" rather than "demolition"

With the advancement of urbanization in China, the current government is carrying out a large-scale old reform, which is more moderate and appropriate than the traditional demolition form, and can better protect the original appearance of the building and retain its architectural value.

It has been heard for a long time that the poor live in the old cities of many developed countries and the rich live in the suburbs. At that time, I thought that one day I could live in a big house in the suburbs. In the past few decades, I have realized my dream of living in a big house in the suburbs. Looking back at the city, most of the old houses in the city are still there, but the house prices have soared, and everyone has become a paper millionaire, multimillionaire and all kinds of envy.

The first reason is demolition, the second is the school district, and the third is convenience.

The old towns in foreign countries can't be demolished casually. It seems that our Wang Fu and luxury houses in Beijing will also stay, but most quadrangles are really broken. After decades of private construction, quadrangles have long been "rich" caves with no protection value. Tearing down the old and building the new is the final outcome.

In addition to the school district, the quality of a school depends largely on the quality of students. When young parents have given birth to children in big houses in the suburbs, high-quality students have moved out. Several traditional famous schools laid the foundation in the 1980s and 1990s, and the branch schools run by famous schools have been quietly moving out. Of course, now they rent out the big house in the suburbs and rent the small old house in the school district at a high price with their children. They are the main force supporting housing prices in the old city. What about the future? As soon as the policy changes and the prestigious schools move, I am afraid that the school district will be just a chicken feather.

Not to mention convenience. In the era of online shopping, it is equally convenient everywhere. Parking is a daily thing, and you can't go to the theater for several years.

The economy is not good, and the company is moving out to save rent. After the epidemic, online telecommuting is expected to be as popular as online shopping. What else was in the city at that time? Did a developer throw money at the red-eye nail house? I'm afraid not.

8. The old community built in the 1990s has a history of 30 to 40 years, and has gone through the old age. The external walls are mottled and the pipes are old. Because the floor is not too high, and it is a reinforced concrete structure, if there is no external influence (such as earthquake), it will not be a problem for decades.

In a wealthy city, Shanghai has carried out all-round transformation of all the old residential areas. Roof slope, repaving PVC pipes, thickening cement paint on the outer wall and white interior wall. There is nothing left in the decoration except the overall structure. In addition to the old look, it also adds a lot of color to the city.

In the third-tier city where I live, the financial strength is not enough, so the transformation of the old community in the city center lacks drastic motivation. Only a few changes have been made in standardization, sanitation and wall painting along the street, and the corroded gas and tap water pipes and outdoor power supply wiring have been updated. As long as the building has no safety and quality problems, normal use is completely ok.

8. Houses built in the 1990s were poorly laid out, but citizens still wanted to demolish and rebuild them. First, if it can be circled into a commercial center, the relocated households can enjoy preferential policies and realize their dreams of a new home. The second is shed reform, supported by state funding, tearing down old communities and rebuilding new ones. Third, the government raises funds to build public welfare projects.

After all, the old community is so big that it is impossible to reach the designated position in one step. Without the above three opportunities, we can only make do with it.

At present, many residents living in old communities are not very rich economically, or are older retirees. Demolition is a headache. A few nail households can delay the renovation of old residential areas for several years, even ten or eight years. Wealthy developers can't afford to play.

Therefore, some small-scale counties and cities would rather give up the old residential areas in prime locations and choose new locations, government agencies, business districts and schools in new areas. This has expanded the urban area and reduced social contradictions.

For the old community in the city center, from the second-class old village to the husband's housing community in the middle of last century, there is generally "demolition, modification and retention". In the past few years, it was mainly demolition and relocation, and in the last two years, it was mainly retention and modification.

"demolition"

The most common and understandable "demolition" is to tear down the old house to make room for new development. Generally, the demolished plots have a good developer's intention to invest and develop, or the municipal works are relocated (building subways, highways, public venues, etc.).

However, after two years, the era of stripping the rich is over.

Change/stay

With the rising cost of demolition, the slow pace of land acquisition in real estate development and the implementation of various style protection, the old houses in the old urban communities began to change from demolition to preservation and transformation.

For the old residential areas with more characteristics and better location, the original residents can be relocated and transformed into pieces for hotels, offices or high-grade houses. And social funds can be introduced, and the area and function are also very different from the original.

But personally, I think that for residents living in old houses and communities in the city center, if they want to improve their lives, they should take the initiative to find a solution to the housing problem instead of waiting for demolition or transformation. After all, sometimes waiting is years or decades. . . Is it worth it?

In addition to relocation, "demolition" can also be the demolition of the original community. After the demolition of the old community, the plot ratio will be increased at the original site to build new houses and increase the living area and public facilities of the original residents.

Large residential areas, especially those facing the street, are waiting for demolition. Small-scale houses in back streets and alleys are hard to say without demolition. Don't think that everyone can get happiness. It is very likely that a considerable number of old houses will eventually become a dead end of urban construction because of their size and location. For the above-mentioned houses, the government is not interested, and developers are even less interested, so the final demolition is hopeless. Fortunately, the government will paint the walls and smooth the road for you. As for the invisible places, such as the underground pipe network and cables in the building, it is unlikely to be repaired. And there is no place for parking and greening, and we can't do it.

The results of old houses and communities in the city center can be roughly divided into three situations: permanent preservation, demolition, transformation and upgrading. This has nothing to do with economic development, but the implementation time is different. The more developed the economy, the faster the progress, and vice versa.

Permanent preservation of ancient buildings with local characteristics and cultural values in the city center can only be repaired and restored, and it is impossible to dismantle or upgrade them. For example, Shikumen in Shanghai, various foreign buildings and ancient towns left over from the early days, all have strong cultural value. They are all specially protected historical sites, which are no different from precious cultural relics. Therefore, such buildings in the city center, as cultural heritage, will be passed down and preserved forever.

Some old houses in the city center were demolished, and the construction of old residential areas was chaotic, the architectural design was unreasonable, the quality was poor, and it was difficult to upgrade and transform. For example, in the 1960s, a family in the center of Shanghai was divided into a husband's room of 20-30 square meters without a bathroom. Every day, they empty the toilet and then brush it. Living there is not only inconvenient, but also the house is seriously damaged and aging, almost beyond repair, and upgrading is meaningless.

There are also residential areas built in the 1980s and 1990s, all of which are brick-concrete structures and old-fashioned apartments, which are simply not suitable for modern life. The building materials of this kind of house are so poor that it is almost impossible to change the apartment type, and some of them have even cracked and deformed. These two types of houses are in the demolition planning of the Urban Planning and Construction Committee, which is only a matter of time.

Shanghai's economy is developed, and its urban construction progress is very fast, which is not comparable to that of ordinary cities. But today, there are still many old houses and communities that are planned to be demolished, but they have not been specifically implemented. These residents are also eagerly awaiting, hoping to demolish and change their living conditions as soon as possible and live a happy life as soon as possible.

The residential areas built in the middle and late 1990s were upgraded, and the building technology was quite advanced, and the materials, structure and apartment type were more scientific and reasonable. These houses can also make small changes to the huxing in order to better conform to the modern lifestyle. It's just that flat roofs were popular at that time, and there were cracks and leaks. In addition, elevators were not widely installed, which brought us many difficulties in our current life. Especially the aging is serious, there is no elevator, and it is difficult for the elderly to move.

Shanghai has begun to upgrade this kind of residential area. First, the flat roof is put away and changed into a sloping roof. Both the actual water leakage and the appearance of the city have been greatly improved, and the effect is particularly obvious. The sewer was thickened, deepened and reloaded, and the elevator was redesigned and built. After the upgrade, these communities are not much different from the new ones, and they are already very livable.

The old houses and communities in the city center are nothing more than the above three results, especially the second case. At present, such people have the most difficult life and the most inconvenient life. Only when the whole people work hard to develop the economy can we speed up the demolition and live a happy life as soon as possible. For cities where the city center will not move on a large scale, the old community will become more and more expensive and its value will climb.

Cities that move to the city center, the old houses and communities in the city center, have a high probability of becoming "slums".

For most cities, the overall cost of old city reconstruction is very high, so the best choice for the government is to invest resources in other areas that can develop rapidly. The migration of medical treatment resources and educational resources will inevitably lead to the migration of urban centers.

Regarding the question of whether to stay in the old community, in fact, the strategies of cities of all sizes are mostly the same at present:

Make overall plans to promote the comprehensive transformation and organic renewal of old residential areas. We will carry out seismic reinforcement of old residential areas, energy-saving renovation of buildings, renovation of old-age facilities, supplementary construction of barrier-free facilities, installation of elevators in multi-storey houses, and increase parking spaces to improve environmental quality and public service capabilities. Establish a long-term mechanism for daily management and maintenance of old residential areas, and promote the standardization, socialization and refinement of property management.

It can be predicted that unless public infrastructure construction or large-scale commercial and residential projects with high premium are carried out in the future, the possibility of relocation of old houses is extremely small. Probably waiting for it can only be slowly getting old. ......

With the development of the city, what will happen to the old houses and communities in the city center?

First, the old house in the city center is in the city center. There is such a house, which is called the "youngest" in the old city. This part of the old community is the house at the beginning of the city. With the development of the city, the scope of the city is getting bigger and bigger, and the area where this old house is located has become the center of the city.

In the downtown area, it is the most prosperous area of the city and the radiation range of the central business district. It has the most mature supporting facilities, such as transportation hub stations (high-speed rail, subway, light rail, public transportation and taxis are concentrated), such as branches of major banks, such as major supermarkets (New Century, Yonghui, Gome, Suning, Box Horse, etc.). ), as well as major schools and hospitals, can be said to be the most mature and complete supporting areas in the whole city. And this old house stands side by side with many modern high-rise buildings, becoming a different kind of scenery in the city center.

But because of the age of the old house, the appearance of the house has been ruined and looks broken and old. Buildings in old residential areas are often messy, and the indoor pattern of houses is smaller than that in new residential areas. Even some old houses may become dangerous buildings. No wonder they are called "youngest".

Second, the ending of "old broken small" The old houses in the old community are really called "old broken small", but their area is the most valuable area in this city. So with the promotion of new urbanization, what will be the ending of this old house?

First, a small number of dangerous houses were demolished or rebuilt. Some old houses are too old, or they are forty or fifty years old. The blue tiles on the house are crumbling, and the beams under the house can no longer support the collapse of the house. An old house like this has become a dangerous building. Only by re-planning after demolition can we keep the city updated.

Secondly, most old houses will be completely new because of the "old change". Most of the old houses, although seemingly "old and small", are only about 30 years old and can continue to live. In view of this kind of old houses, the "old reform" promoted by China this year will be the gospel of these old houses.

Finally, whether it is "demolition" or "change", it must be "adapted to local conditions". Demolition is to tear down and start over, and residents should leave their long-term residence; The "reform" is a minor repair, which is relatively more moderate and saves manpower and material resources. For different cities, it is also a city center, but the road of urban development is different, the direction of urban planning and development is different, and the treatment of old houses in the city center is also different. Whether it is "demolition" or "renovation", it is necessary to "take measures according to the city".

To sum up, the pace of urban development has never stopped, and the pace of urban renewal has been advancing. The old houses in the city center are all in the most valuable areas, which have affected the development of the city, or have been "demolished" or "changed". In short, it is necessary to "adapt to local conditions."

Hello, I'm glad to answer your question!

What will be the final outcome of the old houses and communities in the city center? In fact, there is no need to worry too much about these problems. After all, China's real estate industry started in the 1980s and 1990s, and more than 20 years have passed, which is a common problem that the country should consider. For the city center, if nothing else, this land must be very valuable, and developers can rebuild it after demolition. Some places are already in trial operation, that is, the difference per square meter is 17 yuan, and finally they can continue to live. Now all property certificates are real property rights, that is, in addition to your personal residence, you also have the right to use the land behind, so if there are quality problems in the later community, you will face the trend of demolition and reconstruction, and then make up the difference to allocate such a plan!