What does the "management class" in the self-study exam mean? What is independent undergraduate course?

The so-called economic management class refers to the subjects of probability theory and mathematical statistics that you need to take in this major. The difficulty range of the exam is "economic management". The so-called economic management refers to: marketing, accounting, financial management, human resource management, tourism management, logistics management, e-commerce, legal commodity science, economic information management, actuarial audit of international commercial insurance, and computerized accounting of property management. These majors have a low degree of mastery of the requirements of probability theory and mathematical statistics, which is different from science and engineering majors. So when you buy reference books for this exam, just buy those who specialize in economic management.

Independent undergraduate course refers to a kind of self-study examination major which is set up for college graduates in various forms of higher education to continue their studies, and is independent of the junior college level. Self-study examination management institutions in most provinces implement the same management as undergraduate majors, and only those who hold a diploma of junior college (or above) or are in junior college (or above) can apply for the examination. Candidates can also obtain an undergraduate diploma after meeting the prescribed graduation requirements.

That is to say, it is higher than a junior college, but it is different from a four-year undergraduate course.