Entrepreneurship and Development of Chengdu Jin Shu Handicraft Factory

The birth of "temporary self-help workshop for silk workers" greatly stimulated the enthusiasm of Shu brocade workers. With the spirit of "one heart and two hands, self-reliance and everything", they leveled the land, knocked down the bodhisattva, set up a simple workshop and made the wood machine work step by step. Workers fight by the loom during the day and sleep at its feet at night. No matter how hard and tired the workers are, they all say, "The self-help workshop is our own home!" "

1951September 28th, due to the increasing number of self-help workshop workers in the silk industry and the gradual expansion of production scale, the Chengdu Silk Production Cooperative was established under the guidance of the government. Its source of funds: the Land and Resources Bureau allocated 33 mu of land with an amount of 40 million yuan (note: at that time 1 10,000 yuan was equivalent to 1 yuan in cash); The Construction Bureau allocated 60 million yuan; The Labor Bureau allocated 1.7 million Jin of rice, equivalent to RMB 1.0 1.49 million yuan; City Association allocated 73.79 million yuan; Self-help workshop shares 5.49 million yuan. A total of 280.77 million yuan. (Note: At that time, 1 ten thousand yuan was equivalent to 1 yuan now. In order to build, all members volunteered to work for three months without compensation. By the end of 1952, the cooperative had 65,438 employees and 72 hand looms, with an annual output of 3 1565 meters, a total industrial output value of 84,000 yuan, a profit of 2,400 yuan and a fixed capital of 65,438. The main products are plain satin, blossoming satin, national satin, narrow quilt cover, portrait of Chairman Mao, resisting US aggression and aiding Korea, and fighting tigers. Products are uniformly sold by the municipal department store, and raw materials are supplied by the municipal silk company. This period is the fastest development period of Shu brocade production. Five silk production cooperatives have been established in Chengdu, and they compete with each other in skills and product evaluation, striving to be advanced. The rapid development of Chengdu silk production cooperatives has set a banner in Chengdu brocade industry.

1954: the monthly salary of workers was increased from 8 yuan to 26 yuan on 1952. The cooperative built the first dormitory on the first floor, used electric lights, held night classes for workers, and carried out some cultural and sports activities suitable for workers. At the climax of 1956 cooperation, the number of employees grew to 266, with an annual output of silk products132,000m, total industrial output value of 484,000 yuan, profit14,600 yuan and tax profit of 22,000 yuan, four times that of 1952. With the development of national economy, the improvement of people's living standards and the continuous improvement of purchasing power, the supply of silk products has not adapted to the backward productive forces. In order to change this situation, the Party branch of the cooperative issued a technical transformation call of "changing wood machines into motors" to the employees of the whole factory. At that time, the wood machine used for production was "Kangxi year system", which was not only primitive, but also inefficient. This machine is basically made of bamboo and wood, and it is very large. The production of Shu brocade requires two people to operate on the same stage. The nose part is placed in the into the pit, and the operator in front of the machine is half into the pit, and the other is jacquard. Two people must cooperate tacitly. It takes tens of kilograms of arm strength to throw a shuttle of weft, and the labor intensity is quite high, but the production output is very low, and each machine can only produce 2 to 3 meters per day. It has become the unanimous wish of the people of Jin Shu to transform this woodworking machinery.

From 65438 to 0957, Liu Yuzhou, then secretary of the Party branch of the cooperative, led some workers to make unremitting efforts and make bold innovations, and successively improved the "hand-lost shuttle" into a "hand-pulled shuttle" and the "bamboo silk loom" into an "iron wood electric loom". The advent of electric loom has replaced the old and backward wooden machine production mode for more than two thousand years for the first time, greatly reducing the labor intensity of workers and improving work efficiency. The output of each electric loom is 10 times that of the wood machine. In order to further develop and study Shu Brocade in an all-round way,1In August, 957, under the leadership of provincial and municipal handicraft production cooperatives, Shu Brocade Experimental Research Institute was established, with 6 participants.

1958 Chengdu handicraft administration established Chengdu arts and crafts school to train silk designers. In July of the same year, Chengdu Silk Production Cooperative was renamed as the local state-owned Chengdu Jin Shu No.1 Factory. During this period, Jin Shu No.1 Factory put forward the call of "inheriting and developing traditional skills, enriching and enriching the original characteristics of Jin Shu", strengthened the design and technical management institutions, organized designers and technicians to systematically develop, collect and sort out Jin Shu products, and produced "dragon and phoenix", "phoenix wearing peony", "white crane scattered", "dragon and phoenix showing samples", "double lion playing ball" and "people love it"