Should the central air conditioner be cleaned regularly?

Problem description:

I'm a robot for cleaning central air conditioning, and I want to make an investigation.

Analysis:

With the gradual increase of temperature, central air conditioners in some office buildings have been turned on one after another, and some problems have followed. Many white-collar workers working in office buildings complained to reporters that when the air conditioner is turned on, there are often some dirty things floating down. A Mr. Liu said: "I just washed my hair and sat under the air outlet of the air conditioner for an afternoon. When I go back at night, I get dirty." A miss Li also complained: "There are often some dirty things floating in the glass." Coincidentally, not long ago, a five-star hotel in Shanghai also had a pile of garbage blown to the air conditioning outlet. Including dead mice, dust and countless other dirty things.

Office building: the central air conditioner has been used for ten years but I don't know it needs cleaning.

Generally, the air duct of central air conditioner needs to be cleaned after 1-2 years of use, and the key point is to remove dust and all kinds of bacteria and dust attached to the pipe wall. Because the air-conditioned room is relatively closed, the indoor temperature and humidity are very suitable for the growth and reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms, especially fungi. Last year, Nanjing Health Supervision Office and Provincial Health Supervision Office "joined hands" to inspect the sanitary condition of central air conditioning in six large shopping malls and hotels in Nanjing. Results The results of dust accumulation at the bottom of air conditioning pipeline, the total number of bacteria in dust accumulation and the number of mold in dust accumulation all exceeded the standard in 6 sampling units, reaching the moderate pollution level. Yesterday, the reporter investigated the central air-conditioning cleaning of some office buildings in Nanjing, and the results are still not optimistic.

The reporter first dialed the telephone number of Nanjing Sanmeng Property. When the reporter asked if the company regularly cleaned the central air conditioning of the building under its jurisdiction, the staff of the company later said, "We will clean it ourselves regularly." . Then he said, "We'll get someone to clean it." . The reporter then dialed Sufang Property, and an employee of the company said, "We once asked someone to clean it up." Another employee's answer is "I don't think I have cleaned it." The reporter also dialed the property of Jinluan Building. The person who answered the phone said, "The central air conditioner in the building has been used for ten years. I have never heard of cleaning the central air conditioner. " The reporter called several companies and found that none of them cleaned the central air conditioner regularly.

Cleaning Company: It costs 65,438+10,000 yuan to wash a floor.

According to professionals, at present, commercial buildings and high-rise property management centers are unable to clean the air ducts themselves. Due to the limitation of construction area, the pipeline is well concealed and the layout structure is tortuous, so it is impossible for the property to clean up these dead ends. Therefore, cleaning the central air conditioner must find a professional cleaning company.

The reporter interviewed some cleaning companies, and they all said that the current market for cleaning central air conditioners in Nanjing is very small. The person in charge of Nanjing Jieshi Company said: "The last time I received such business was two years ago, and the final price was not negotiated." Nanjing Mong Kok Cleaning and Maintenance Company said it hadn't been washed for a year or two. The slightly better Red Sun Cleaning Company said that only four or five office buildings were cleaned last year.

It is reported that the cost of hiring professional departments to clean the ventilation pipes of central air conditioners is high, which has also become the main reason why many buildings are not cleaned. The market price of companies engaged in central air-conditioning cleaning is generally around 30 yuan per square meter, and the charges are calculated according to the expanded area of air-conditioning ducts. Then, for a relatively large commercial building, the cleaning cost of only one floor will exceed 65,438+10,000 yuan. "Neither the building property company nor the owners' committee is willing to bear such a high cost," said the boss of a cleaning company.

Link: Cleaning the central air conditioner is available.

In 2003, the national ministries and commissions issued "Cleaning Code for Air Conditioning and Ventilation System" and "Hygienic Code for Central Air Conditioning and Ventilation System in Public Places". And the central air conditioning system in public places must ensure that the content of some dust and microorganisms is controlled within a certain range. All components of air-conditioning system in public places, such as filters (nets), heaters (humidifiers), condensing plates, etc., should be inspected, cleaned or replaced once a year. However, neither of the two specifications mentions the punishment for units that do not implement the above provisions. Some experts believe that the code is different from laws and regulations and difficult to implement. Therefore, even if the relevant departments require owners of public places to clean air conditioners, it is just empty talk and there is no corresponding punishment procedure. Only by formulating feasible "health management measures" according to the Code can the central air conditioner "run healthily".

The pollution of central air conditioning is amazing.

According to the data of the Ministry of Health, there are currently more than 5 million central air-conditioning users in China, with an annual growth rate of 10%. Due to the lack of relevant awareness, everyone has no concept of cleaning central air conditioning. The Measures for Hygienic Management of Central Air Conditioning and Ventilation Systems in Public Places clearly stipulates that centralized air conditioning and ventilation systems that have been put into operation should be evaluated every two years to prevent airborne diseases, and they can continue to operate only after passing the evaluation; When the amount of dust on the inner surface of the air duct is more than 20g per square meter, it is regarded as severe pollution, and the ventilation system should be cleaned and disinfected immediately. Accordingly, many developed countries have stipulated the maximum amount of dust per square meter in the air duct.

According to relevant persons from Beijing CDC, from 2003 to the end of 2005, Beijing CDC conducted four stages of sampling inspection on the sanitary condition of central air conditioners in public places, and the results showed that more than 90% of the inspected places were moderately polluted. However, in 2004, the Ministry of Health organized a nationwide supervision and inspection on the hygienic status of central air conditioning and ventilation systems in public places, and the results were shocking: serious pollution accounted for 47. 1%.

In this case, not only is the indoor fresh air insufficient, but it is also easy to cause diseases. Ma Lina, a doctor at Beijing You 'an Hospital, said that the virus was spread through dust particles attached to the air. Free dust carries germs and blows them into every room with airflow, so that infectious diseases caused by these germs and viruses spread among susceptible people in different rooms. Air conditioning and ventilation systems are communicators.

Why is it difficult to follow the rules?

In recent years, the great harm of irregular cleaning of central air conditioning has attracted the attention of decision-making departments. In 2003, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine issued the Cleaning Standard for Air Conditioning and Ventilation System, and the Ministry of Health issued the Hygienic Standard for Central Air Conditioning and Ventilation System in Public Places. In 2005, the Ministry of Construction and the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine jointly issued the national standard "Code for Operation and Management of Air Conditioning and Ventilation Systems"; In March this year 1, the Ministry of Health promulgated the Hygienic Management Measures for Central Air Conditioning and Ventilation Systems in Public Places. Although the relevant departments have established legal and policy guarantees to improve the sanitary condition of central air conditioning, it is difficult to change the situation with rules to follow.

"In addition to the lack of knowledge of operators in public places, the high cleaning costs have also discouraged many customers." Ying Hua, the head of Shanghai Nianfu Cleaning Company, said less. It is understood that central air conditioning is divided into three parts: internal machine, main machine and pipeline. Air duct is a kind of pipeline, through which hot and cold air reaches the designated place. It costs one or two hundred yuan to clean an internal machine, but because the cleaning of air ducts is more complicated, it costs two or three hundred thousand yuan to clean 10 thousand square meters of air ducts, and some large buildings need millions of yuan after cleaning. "At present, few customers are willing to clean the central air conditioner, which also keeps the cleaning cost high," Yinghua Shao added.

According to Yao Xiaoyuan, director of the Environment Institute of China CDC, China's current Regulations on Hygiene Management in Public Places was promulgated on 1987, and some of its contents have not met the needs of the actual development. Therefore, the relevant departments will feel out of touch with reality in the process of law enforcement, so that the relevant law enforcement can not be accurately put in place.

Health supervision needs to be strengthened urgently

However, laws and regulations are not enough to make the central air conditioner clean regularly. People concerned believe that operators of public places should establish a responsible attitude towards public health. While improving laws, regulations and implementation rules, relevant departments should strengthen supervision and, within a certain scope, strengthen law enforcement. Strictly manage the central air conditioning in public places with large traffic such as shopping malls and supermarkets. At the same time, citizens should enhance their awareness of air conditioning hygiene.

There are also views that while promoting regular cleaning of central air conditioners, we should start with newly installed central air conditioners. Wang Chuanwei, an engineer of Shanghai Nianfu Cleaning Company, suggested that relevant departments should formulate corresponding standards to prevent irregular behaviors during project acceptance. When the equipment is installed and not in use, it should be cleaned once to eliminate construction garbage and dust.

At present, the central air-conditioning cleaning market has a huge space, but there are few companies and the quality of personnel is uneven. Yinghua said little, there are only thirty or fifty professional central air-conditioning cleaning companies in Beijing, and there are more than a dozen well-equipped ones. Western developed countries began to pay attention to the air duct cleaning of central air conditioners from the late 1970s to the early 1980s, and it was not until around 1990 that central air conditioners were generally cleaned, and corresponding industry and national standards were formulated. China attaches importance to the cleaning of central air conditioning, which is a matter in recent years, and it will take time to standardize it.