What are the majors of the first-class constructor? What's the difference between them?

Of course, there are ten majors, namely: construction engineering, municipal engineering, electromechanical engineering, highway engineering, water conservancy and hydropower, mining engineering, railway engineering, port navigation, civil aviation engineering and communication engineering.

Although they all belong to the first-class builders, the difference is quite big. Based on my own experience and online information, I summarize the following ten differences in terms of significance, discipline, employment direction and scope of practice.

? A, construction engineering

Meaning: an engineering entity formed by the construction of various buildings and their ancillary facilities and the installation of supporting lines, pipelines and equipment.

Main subjects: theoretical mechanics, material mechanics, structural mechanics, architectural physics, surveying, civil engineering materials, soil mechanics, engineering geology, basic engineering, concrete structure design principle, steel structure design principle, road engineering, architectural architecture, civil engineering construction, introduction to nuclear architecture, architectural drawing and drawing reading.

Employment orientation: engineering management personnel of technical departments of construction enterprises, supervisors of supervision companies, technicians of bidding companies and management personnel of construction units. There are also construction management positions of real estate development companies and engineering technology companies, cost consulting and project evaluation positions of engineering consulting and evaluation institutions, engineering management positions of star-rated hotels, technical positions of construction units and engineering management positions of government construction departments.

Business scope: building construction, decoration, foundation and foundation, earthwork, architectural decoration, building curtain wall, ready-mixed commercial concrete, concrete prefabricated components, ancient garden buildings, steel structures, high-rise buildings, elevator installation, fire-fighting facilities, building waterproofing, anti-corrosion and thermal insulation, attached lifting scaffolding, metal doors and windows, prestress, blasting demolition, building intelligence and special specialties.

? Second, the municipal engineering

Meaning: refers to municipal facilities construction projects. In China, municipal facilities refer to various buildings, structures and equipment. Established within the planning and construction scope of cities and towns (townships), providing paid or unpaid public goods and services to residents based on government responsibilities and obligations.

Main subjects: basic theories, knowledge and skills of water supply and drainage engineering, water pollution control, water resources utilization and protection. Through the study and training in foreign languages, engineering design, management and planning, I have the ability of engineering design, scientific research and management planning in the fields of water science and environmental science and technology.

Employment orientation: Municipal public works enterprises and institutions are engaged in construction technology and management, quality management, construction supervision, safety management, project cost and contract information management.

Business scope: earthwork, foundation and foundation, ready-mixed commercial concrete, precast concrete components, prestress, blasting and demolition, environmental protection, bridges, tunnels, road pavement, road subgrade, road traffic, urban rail transit, urban and road lighting, sports facilities, water supply and drainage, gas, heating, garbage disposal, landscaping, pipelines and special specialties.

? Three, mechanical and electrical engineering

Meaning: It mainly trains applied professionals engaged in electromechanical application and management, vocational education and popular science.

Main subjects: mechanical drawing, engineering mechanics, mechanical design, hydraulic transmission, mechanical manufacturing, electrical and electronic technology, computer application, single chip microcomputer application, motor drag and control, factory power supply, machine tool numerical control technology, mechanical and electrical equipment fault analysis and maintenance, etc.

Employment orientation: suitable for product development, manufacturing, equipment operation, maintenance and management of mechatronics, as well as technical, management or teaching work related to teaching, scientific research, production, administrative departments and majors.

Business scope: electromechanical, petrochemical, electric power, smelting, steel structure, elevator installation, fire-fighting facilities, anticorrosion and thermal insulation, hoisting equipment installation, electromechanical equipment installation, building intelligence, environmental protection, electronics, instrument installation, thermal power equipment installation, power transmission and transformation, nuclear industry, furnaces, smelting electromechanical equipment installation, chemical petroleum equipment, pipeline installation, nondestructive testing, offshore oil and sports facilities.

? Fourth, highway engineering.

Meaning: refers to the survey, measurement, design, construction, maintenance and management of highway structures. Including: subgrade, pavement, bridge, culvert, tunnel, drainage system, safety protection facilities, greening and traffic monitoring facilities, as well as service facilities for construction, maintenance and monitoring such as houses and factories.

Main subjects: advanced mathematics, English, computer foundation, soil mechanics, bridge engineering, tunnel engineering, subgrade engineering, structural mechanics, management principles, engineering drawing, surveying, building materials, highway engineering, bridge engineering, highway engineering bidding and contract management, construction organization and budget estimation, and highway construction enterprise management.

Employment direction: mainly for construction enterprises and project supervision units in highway engineering construction industry, engaged in highway engineering construction and project management.

Business scope: highways, foundations, earthwork, ready-mixed commercial concrete, precast concrete components, steel structures, fire-fighting facilities, building waterproofing, anti-corrosion and heat preservation, prestress, blasting demolition, highway pavement, highway subgrade, highway traffic, bridges, tunnels, attached lifting scaffolding, lifting equipment installation and special specialties.

? Five, water conservancy and hydropower

Meaning: To cultivate high-quality skilled talents with the abilities of water resources analysis and evaluation, water conservancy and hydropower planning, design and construction of small-scale water conservancy and hydropower projects, construction project management, technical management and operation management of water conservancy and hydropower projects.

Main subjects: civil engineering, water conservancy engineering.

Employment direction: water conservancy and hydropower project management, construction enterprises (institutions); Engaged in technical management and operation management of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, construction project management, construction management, hydrological information processing, water resources analysis and evaluation, reservoir dispatching, water quality monitoring, water source engineering construction, urban and rural water supply, flood control and emergency rescue, river regulation, soil and water conservation and other technical and management work.

Business scope: water conservancy and hydropower, earthwork, foundation and foundation, ready-mixed commercial concrete, precast concrete components, steel structure, building waterproofing, fire-fighting facilities, lifting equipment installation, blasting demolition, foundation treatment of hydraulic structures, metal structure fabrication and installation of water conservancy and hydropower, electromechanical equipment installation of water conservancy and hydropower, river and lake improvement, dikes, hydraulic dams, hydraulic tunnels, power transmission and transformation, pipelines, nondestructive testing and special specialties.

? Six, mining engineering

Meaning: the process of transforming mineral resources into useful products through a series of technical processes such as exploration, mining, mineral processing and smelting.

Main subjects: mining machinery, mine electrotechnics, coal mine geology, engineering surveying, mine pressure and its control, mining, mine ventilation and safety, mine engineering, etc.

Employment orientation: Management departments, institutions, enterprises, design units and research institutes in mining and related fields are engaged in education, planning, design, construction, production and management.

Business scope: mines, foundations and foundations, earthwork, towering structures, fire-fighting facilities, anti-corrosion, thermal insulation, environmental protection, hoisting equipment installation, pipelines, ready-mixed commercial concrete, concrete prefabricated components, steel structures, building waterproofing, blasting demolition, tunnels, kilns and special specialties.

? Seven, railway engineering

Meaning: railway route selection, railway track, subgrade, railway station and hub.

Main subjects: civil engineering, traffic engineering.

Employment orientation: Engaged in technical and management work in planning, survey, design, construction, consultation, scientific research and education, investment and development of railway engineering and urban rail transit.

Business scope: railways, earthwork, foundations and foundations, ready-mixed commercial concrete, precast concrete components, steel structures, attached lifting scaffolding, prestress, blasting and demolition, railway track laying and girder erection, railway electrification, railway bridges, railway tunnels, urban rail transit, railway electric power and special specialties.

? Eight, the port channel

Meaning: it focuses on the main needs of three fields: water conservancy engineering, ship and ocean engineering and civil engineering.

Main disciplines: hydraulic engineering, marine engineering and civil engineering.

Employment orientation: national transportation departments (such as design institutes, engineering bureaus, port authorities and scientific research institutes affiliated to the Ministry of Communications), water conservancy departments, oceanic administrations, enterprises and institutions affiliated to major domestic oil companies, and planning, design, construction, management and scientific research units of civil construction industry.

Business scope: Port and waterway, earthwork, foundation and foundation, ready-mixed commercial concrete, precast concrete components, fire-fighting facilities, building waterproofing, anti-corrosion and heat preservation, attachment of lifting scaffolding, blasting and demolition, port and coast, port loading and unloading equipment installation, waterway, shipping steps, navigation equipment installation, water traffic control, foundation treatment of hydraulic structures, production and installation of hydraulic metal structures, slipways and navigation AIDS.

? Nine, civil aviation engineering

Meaning: training technical management personnel of civil aviation units engaged in civil aviation airport projects.

Main subjects: civil aviation airport engineering practice, civil aviation airport engineering technology.

Employment orientation: I can engage in airport operation command, terminal management, clearance protection, non-aviation business development, industry consultation, navigation operation management, civil aviation safety management, etc. in civil aviation management departments, civil aviation airports, scientific research institutes and educational institutions.

Business scope: civil aviation airport, earthwork, ready-mixed commercial concrete, concrete prefabricated components, steel structure, high-rise structure, elevator installation, fire-fighting facilities, building waterproofing, anti-corrosion and thermal insulation, attached lifting scaffolding, metal doors and windows, prestress, blasting demolition, intelligent buildings, bridges, airport roads, airport air traffic control, terminal weak current system, airport visual navigation aid, aviation fuel storage and transportation, HVAC, water supply and drainage.

? X. Communication engineering

Meaning: It is mainly the principle and application of information transmission and signal processing in communication, and uses various engineering methods to deal with some practical problems in communication.

Main subjects: circuit analysis, signal and system, communication principle, logic design, electronic circuit foundation, communication electronic circuit, electromagnetic field and electromagnetic wave, advanced language design, microcomputer principle and interface technology, operating system principle, telecommunication transmission principle, digital signal processing, modern communication network, modern switching principle, mobile communication and optical fiber communication.

Employment direction: there are two main directions, one is software and the other is hardware. Software such as software development, network design, application software compilation, etc. In terms of hardware, I mainly go to companies such as electronic communication equipment.

Business scope: communication broadcasting, communication lines, microwave communication, transmission equipment, switches, satellite earth stations, mobile communication base stations, data communication and computer networks, local networks, access networks, communication pipelines, communication power sources, integrated wiring, information engineering, railway signals and special specialties.

Finally, I'll give you a summary:

From the unpopular point of view, the number of applicants for the five majors of construction engineering, municipal engineering, mechanical and electrical engineering, highway engineering, water conservancy and hydropower is relatively large, while the number of applicants for the five majors of mining engineering, railway engineering, port waterway, civil aviation engineering and communication engineering is relatively small.

From the point of view of passing rate, the construction, mechanical and electrical are about 5%- 10%, municipal, railway, water conservancy and hydropower are about 3%, and communication, mining, port waterway and civil aviation are about 2%.

From the perspective of market demand, the three majors of architecture, municipal administration and electromechanical have the largest demand, while others are relatively few;

From the perspective of certificate income, the certificate income of architecture, electromechanical and highway is relatively low because of the low difficulty of examination and the large number of people passing, while the municipal and water conservancy are more difficult and hot, and the certificate income is at a medium level. The rest, such as port and shipping, civil aviation and other majors, have relatively high incomes because there are fewer people with certificates in their fields of practice.

Personal advice, if you just want to take a certificate to increase your income, you can consider it; If you want to work, you should choose the one that suits you, study hard and prepare for the exam carefully.

I hope the above content can help everyone! ! ! ?