About the poet's background

Su Shi (1037-1101): a writer and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. Zi Zizhan, a famous Dongpo layman, was born in Meishan, Meizhou (now Sichuan). Su Xun. When Jia You Jinshi Zongshen was in power, he was the foreign minister of Zubu. Because of opposing Wang Anshi's new law and seeking a foreign post, he served as a judge in Hangzhou, knowing Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou. Later, he was demoted to Huangzhou for writing a poem "slandering the imperial court". At that time, Zhezong was a bachelor of Hanlin, and once knew Hangzhou, Yingzhou and other places. , a former does history. Later, he was exiled to Huizhou and Danzhou. He died in Changzhou in the second year after returning to the North. Chasing Wen Zhong in Southern Song Dynasty. Being of the same clan as my father and brother, they are collectively called "Three Sows". Politically, it belongs to the old party, but it also has the requirements of reform shortcomings. Wang Yang is one of the "Eight Masters" in Tang and Song Dynasties. His articles are bold and fluent. His poems are fresh and vigorous, good at using exaggerated metaphors and unique in artistic expression. A few poems can also reflect the sufferings of the people and accuse the rulers of extravagance and arrogance. The bold and unconstrained writing has a great influence on later generations. "Nian Nujiao, Red Cliff Nostalgia" and "Shui Diao Ge Tou, Ice Dust Mid-Autumn Festival" are widely circulated. He is good at running script and regular script. He studied under Li Yong, Xu Hao, Yan Zhenqing and Yang Ningshi, and he can find a new way. The end of the pen is ups and downs, naive. Cai Xiang, Huang Tingjian and Mi Fei are also called "Song Sijia". He can draw bamboo, learn literature and like making strange stones. On painting, he advocates "spirit likeness" and thinks that "on painting, it is similar in shape and adjacent to children"; He spoke highly of the artistic attainments of "painting in poetry and poetry in painting". His poems include Seven Chapters of Dongpo and so on. There are some books that survive in the world, such as Teacher Xie's Essays, Several Sacrifices to the Yellow Emperor, and Huangzhou Cold Food Poems. His paintings include "Strange Trees and Stones" and "Bamboo Stones". (Cihai 1989 Edition)

Liu Yong (? -about 1053), a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. Formerly known as trilateral, the word Jingzhuang. Later renamed Yong, the word Qing, ranked seventh, Chong 'an (now Fujian) was born. Jin jingyou is the foreign minister. The world is called Liu Qi and Liu Tuntian. As a bohemian, he was down and out all his life. His ci mostly describes the scenery of the city and the life of a geisha, and he is especially good at expressing his feelings of traveling and service. There are many slow words. Description, scene blending, popular language and harmonious melody were widely spread at that time, which had a certain influence on the development of Song Ci. Yulin, Klang, Ganzhou and Wang Haichao are all famous. But there are decadent ideas and low tastes in his works. There are only a few poems left, "Boiling the Sea Song" describes the poor life of the salt people, which is very painful. There is an action set. (Cihai 1989 Edition)

Li Shangyin (about 813-about 858), a poet in the Tang Dynasty, was born in Yuxi, Huaizhou, Hanoi (now Biyang, Henan). Kaicheng Jinshi, a former county commandant, secretary lang and Dongchuan our envoy. Influenced by the struggle between Niu and Li, he was marginalized and impoverished all his life. His poems exposed and criticized the separatist regime of the buffer region, the rampant eunuchs and the corruption of the upper ruling group at that time. The western suburbs are famous for their hundred rhymes, two feelings and heavy feelings. Most of his poems are epic poems, represented by Jia Sheng, Sui Palace and Fu Hou. Untitled poems also have their own meanings, and different schools have different interpretations. He is good at discipline, rich in literary talent, rigorous in conception, graceful in emotion and unique in style. But there are too many useful classics and their meanings are obscure. I also work four or six articles. Li Yishan's poems have been lost, and later generations compiled Fan Nan Wen Ji and Fan Nan Wen Ji Supplement.

Han Yu (768 ~ 824) was a writer and philosopher in the Tang Dynasty. Return the word. A native of Changli, Henan (now Mengxian), his ancestral home is Han Changli, and he served as assistant minister of the official department in his later years, also known as the official department of Han Dynasty. Posthumous title "Wen", also known as Han Wengong, is a descendant of the nobles in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and his father Zhong Qing is a small bureaucrat. Han Yu lost his father at the age of 3. Raised by my brother Han Hui. Later, he was exiled to Guangdong with the Korean Association. After my brother died, my sister-in-law Zheng and I returned to Heyang. Later moved to Xuancheng. He studied at the age of 7, and he can write at the age of 65, 438+03, and studied under Du Guji and Liang Su.

As the old saying goes, at the age of 20, I went to Chang 'an to study, but I didn't get the third test. At the age of 25, he was admitted to imperial academy and failed in three tests. He went to Jin Dong in Bianzhou and Zhang Jianfeng in Xuzhou as shogunate, and then went to the capital as a doctor. At the age of 36, he was appointed as a censor, and was demoted to Yangshan order for writing a letter about drought and hunger, demanding the reduction of corvee tax and accusing the government of failure. Shunzong acceded to the throne, using Wang clique to carry out political reform, but holding an opposing position. Xian zong acceded to the throne, was pardoned, returned to the north, and became a doctor in Guo Zi. He changed the Henan order, became a foreign minister, and passed through the official to the right bastard of the prince. Because of the confrontation with eunuchs and powerful people, the official has been frustrated. At the age of 50, he pacified the Yuanji rebellion in Huaixi Wu from Pei Du, served as a marching Sima, and promoted the idea of strengthening centralization and opposing separatism in the buffer region. After being appointed, Huai Xiping was promoted to assistant minister of punishments. He rejected Buddhism all his life. In the 14th year of Yuanhe (8 19), Xian Zong welcomed the Buddha's bones into Da-nei and tried his best to dissuade them, so he was demoted to Chaozhou Secretariat. Move to Yuanzhou. Shortly after returning to China, Li Guan took up some important positions, such as offering wine to Guozi, assistant minister of the Ministry of War, assistant minister of the official department and so on. At that time, assistant minister of the Ministry of War, the town of Wang Ting, rebelled. He went to Fu Xuan and succeeded. In this final stage, there are more political successes. Throughout his life, Han Yu has made great achievements in politics and literature, among which literature is the main achievement. Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, they have opposed parallel prose and advocated ancient prose, and they have fought fiercely for a long time. Due to the advocacy of Liu Zongyuan and others, the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty was finally formed, which opened up the development path of ancient prose since the Tang and Song Dynasties. His poems have unique achievements and have an important influence on the development of Song poetry. Han Yu's anthology was compiled by his disciple Li Han, and the other was compiled by Song people. Among the existing Korean ancient books, The Collected Works of Mr. Changli and The Collected Works of Five Hundred Phonetic Changes, edited by Wei Huaizhong of South Song Qingyuan, are the best, among which many lost old notes of Song people are preserved and photocopied. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Collected Works of Mr. Changli and Collected Works of Waiji by □ were the most widely circulated versions after the second edition of Dong Ya Tang by Xu in the Ming Dynasty. The book completely records Zhu's textual research and extracts 500 notes. Liao's original engraving is photocopied today. There are two kinds of single-line poems in Qing Dynasty: Gu's Notes on Mr. Changli's Poems and Fang Shiju's Notes on the Chronology of Han Changli's Poems. Qian Zhonglian's Annotation of Han Changli's Poems in the Year is another year's collection of notes. In Song Dynasty, Fang Yiqing's Han Ji Ju Zheng and Zhu's Han Wen Kao Yi, Qing Dynasty's Han Ji Dian Kan, Wang's Reading Han Ji Yi, Shen Qinhan's Han Ji Bu Zhu and Fang Cheng's Han Zheng, and Xu Zhen's Han Ji Zhu. Han Yu's life story can be found in Huangfu □ Epitaph of Mr. Han Changli, Han Gonggong Tombstone and Li Ao's Han Gongxing, which are the most original materials. Zhu also made detailed comments on the old and new editions of Tang Shu. There are several chronologies and chronologies, among which Zi Han Chronology written by Song Hongxingzu is the most detailed. Qin Fangqing's Chronological Examination was engraved after all the articles of Hongpu. His research works such as Compilation of Moths, Collection of Nest Classics and Miscellany by Yu are of academic value. The relevant parts of Zhao Yi's Poems in Oubei, Fang's Poems and Lin Shu's Korean Studies are representative works of poetry criticism. The most famous single paper is On Han Yu by close friend Chen Yinque.