What should I do if the outer wall of the house leaks?

In our daily life, have you ever encountered a situation where the house leaks and it rains all night? There are many cases of water leakage in houses, but in most cases, the external wall of houses leaks. How do you solve this problem? Many people are tinkering, but in vain. We must first find out the cause of water leakage in the house, and then take concrete measures to solve the problem. Then the next small series will give you a detailed introduction to this situation!

What should I do if the outer wall of the house leaks? And cause analysis:

Causes of water seepage in external wall:

(A) design factors

Waterproof treatment is an important quality project in building construction. In practice, the waterproof design of buildings is complicated because of the difference between the performance of waterproof materials and the climate in the north and south of China. Once there is a problem in the waterproof design of the project, it will directly cause leakage of the external wall of the building.

(2) Material factors

All kinds of new wall materials used in modern building construction basically have the characteristics of large porosity, strong water absorption and poor impermeability. Therefore, in the process of masonry, it is generally difficult to achieve a full and dense effect of cement mortar in mortar joints, especially vertical joints. Because of the different material properties, the joints between the wall and reinforced concrete beams and columns, and the joints between the window frame and the wall often form cracks, which in turn causes the leakage problem of the wall.

(3) Construction factors

In terms of construction, there are relatively many external wall leakage problems caused by construction technology and construction technology:

First, Rachel bars are not embedded in the connection position between the external wall columns of frame structure and related themes, or Rachel bars are not set firmly, or the spacing, length and quantity of Rachel bars do not meet the specification requirements. When the temperature expansion coefficient is quite different, the connection position will crack, forming a water leakage prone area;

Secondly, in the process of building wall construction, the mortar of leveling layer and plastering layer is not designed and configured according to the specification, which leads to the change of mortar strength and the wall leakage based on drying shrinkage and cracking;

Thirdly, in the construction process, there is a problem of insufficient cohesive force between the external wall brick and the base mortar, which leads to the occurrence of empty drum disease, and the jointing of the brick is not dense enough, resulting in sand holes or cracks, which leads to water seepage on the wall;

Fourth, in the construction, the slope of the building window sill, drip tank and eagle mouth is not handled properly, which is easy to cause wall leakage due to rainwater infiltration;

Fifth, in the process of building construction, all kinds of pipes and different reserved holes passing through the external wall are not sealed well, which will also cause leakage of the building wall.

In a word, there are many factors that cause the leakage of external walls of housing construction projects in China at present. In order to ensure the overall quality of housing construction in China and avoid the leakage of external walls, it is particularly necessary to strengthen the research on waterproof treatment methods of external walls of residential projects.

Solution of external wall leakage

(A) pay attention to the waterproof design of building exterior walls.

At present, the standard design standard of building exterior wall waterproof design is basically blank in the design and construction of building construction industry in China. In the design drawings of buildings, there are no structural details related to the waterproof structure of external walls, and there is also a lack of relevant construction instructions, which usually leads to the construction personnel being at a loss. It can be said that external wall leakage, as a common quality problem in housing engineering, must attract our attention. Construction enterprises should start with the design link, and formulate relevant audit specifications and construction technical specifications as soon as possible in view of the leakage problem of building external walls, so as to provide effective and effective solutions for the leakage of building external walls

(2) Strictly control the construction quality of each working procedure of the external wall.

In order to do a good job in the quality control of external wall construction, polymer cement mortar with waterproof and anti-crack performance should be used in the construction process, or certain building fibers should be mixed in the mortar to effectively avoid or inhibit the continuous development of cracks caused by mortar shrinkage or temperature change, improve the anti-crack performance of plastering mortar, and effectively avoid external wall leakage. In general, the plastering treatment needs to be carried out in layers, and the thickness of plastering at a time should not exceed 10mm, and enough time should be left between two layers of plastering treatment.

In addition, when the plastering treatment of the external wall enters the jointing stage, plastering, leveling and sizing should be carried out at the jointing end, and then cut into reverse joints with a ruler. Before the next layer of plastering, fully spray water at the mouth of the cave, and then brush a layer of 10% 802 colloidal cement slurry. After the mortar is completely sucked into the wall, plastering can be continued.

In the process of painting the decorative layer of the external wall, we should try to choose decorative materials such as synthetic polymers with strong impermeability and certain elasticity to improve the impermeability of the wall; However, when the facing layer is ceramic tile, the construction personnel must do a good job of jointing, and use 1: 1 polymer cement mortar to form a special organic composite network structure, which completely blocks the cracks in the mortar, thus achieving the purpose of seepage prevention.

(3) Do a good job in anti-seepage treatment of exterior wall details.

The anti-seepage treatment of exterior wall details mainly includes the hole repair of water supply and drainage pipeline through the wall and the waterproof sealing treatment of the fixed position of exterior wall riser. Because of the relatively large number of these parts in the external wall of the building, these details are not as easy to operate as the general large-scale construction, so in the construction process, there are often problems such as cracking and leakage of the external wall due to careless construction and low construction quality. Therefore, in the process of construction, it is necessary to do a good job in seepage control treatment of various details, requiring construction personnel to treat the construction with a high sense of responsibility on the basis of making full use of their own technology and experience, strengthen the inspection of detailed construction, and find out the problems existing in the seepage control treatment of details in time and make adjustments. It should be noted that the detail treatment should be carried out before plastering the external wall, and it is suggested to use expansive cement mortar and waterproof sealing material to treat the pipeline through the wall.

(d) Pay attention to the anti-seepage treatment around the doors and windows of external walls.

The doorframes and window frames of modern buildings are basically aluminum alloy. The anti-seepage treatment around the door frame and window frame should be filled with loose materials such as mineral cotton sliver and Boris cotton sliver in layers. When plastering the external wall, notches with a width of 5-8 mm and a depth of 5-8 mm must be reserved at the outer side of the window and the edge of the frame to ensure the sealing and adhesion of the sealant; In addition, the groove base filled with sealing material must be kept clean and dry, and the sealant should be evenly filled into the groove, and there should be no pores and gaps on the surface; Finally, in order to prevent rainwater from infiltrating into the tiny gaps of mortar around the window frame, it is suggested to fill the capillary holes with film-forming or permeable waterproof materials.

(5) Choose a reasonable waterproof material to protect the external wall.

Effective selection of waterproof materials is an effective means to prevent external wall leakage. In practice, when choosing waterproof materials, we should try to choose those normative materials that meet international standards, and choose waterproof materials according to the actual situation of the project, so as to effectively protect the external wall of the building through waterproof materials.

Well, the causes of water leakage on the external wall of the house and the specific solutions have been introduced to you. In fact, the leakage of the external wall of the house has a great relationship with the material selection of the building, so we must pay attention to the material selection in the future, and never buy some poor quality materials at low prices. Of course, even if there is a leak in the house, don't worry. We just need to find the cause and solve it with the right medicine. Of course, we should also pay attention to maintenance in the later stage.