How to avoid the regret of concealed engineering?

Concealed engineering usually refers to pipeline engineering and structural engineering hidden inside the decoration surface during the decoration process. It is difficult to check the quality of this decoration project after it is completed at home. Careless construction will bring great hidden dangers, so we must be careful in the construction process in the early stage. The concealed work of family decoration mainly includes six aspects.

First, what are the hidden works?

Waterway reconstruction of family decoration

Circuit conversion of decorative literacy

Comprehensive analysis of ceiling installation process

Hidden wall foundation treatment

Second, how to check and accept to avoid regret of concealed works?

13 problems that should be paid attention to in waterway reconstruction

Common quality problems and treatment methods in circuit reconstruction project

Common problems and treatment measures in suspended ceiling construction

Four Should's of Wall Acceptance

Design concept of waterway reconstruction in family decoration

As soon as the house was closed, the decoration was really put on a certain agenda. Many owners are buying houses for the first time, and there is no particularly clear concept about the steps of decoration. Many people simply don't know how to pretend at home and what it should look like. In fact, in home decoration, not only the style design is important, but also the construction design can not be ignored. For example, waterway design is very important. If you don't feel very inspired about your kitchen and bathroom layout planning, I suggest you consult a professional.

First, the design of kitchen waterway reconstruction

The wading facilities that can be put in the kitchen are: vegetable basin, kitchen treasure, gas water heater, water purifier, water softener and washing machine.

1. In the design of the kitchen: the water is mainly related to the dish basin in the kitchen cabinet, and the water pipes need to be led under the dish basin, so it is necessary to ask the kitchen cabinet designer to design a favorite plan at home before the water and electricity transformation, and replace the water pipes according to the design of the kitchen cabinet.

2. Selection of heat source for vegetable basin: If the property provides hot water, the vegetable basin can use the hot water provided by the property. There is no need to buy kitchen treasures because the consumption is not large. There is not much hot water in Shenyang community, so you can consider installing a kitchen treasure.

3. Choice of water heater: This problem mainly depends on the distance between the kitchen and the bathroom. If the distance between them is close, it is more suitable and convenient to install gas water heater. What is hot is cold water and gas, and hot water is inexhaustible. As long as you use it immediately, the loss is not big. If the distance between the two is far away, you can consider the electric water heater, so that the heat loss is small and you can make full use of hot water when washing in the bathroom. The gas water heater must be installed near the window, and the smoke exhaust hole of the water heater should be placed outdoors, remember! ! !

4. Whether the washing machine is placed in the kitchen depends on the area of the kitchen and the living habits of the users. If the washing machine is placed in the kitchen, generally only the drum washing machine can be considered. Second, the main design of toilet waterway reconstruction.

If it is a double bathroom, the main bathroom is used for the daily life of the owner, and the sanitary ware should be placed as simply as possible to meet the most basic requirements, namely: bathtub or shower, washbasin (as far as possible), toilet and body cleaner (optional).

1. Choice of bath mode: Sunway can consider installing a bathtub. It's comfortable to take a bath when you are free. You should customize a suitable bathtub according to the size of the room. The bathtub can be made of acrylic, which is economical and easy to maintain. It is not recommended to choose a whirlpool tub, which is not practical. Repair rate is tall.

2. Choice of washbasin: There are few dressing tables in the living room now, and many of them solve these problems in the bathroom. So try to consider using a basin. It is more convenient to put some toiletries and toiletries, which will make the bathroom simple.

3. Choice of bathroom: Many netizens gave a detailed explanation on the choice of bathroom in the decoration forum of Seconds. Just search it when you pretend, so I won't go into details. The main consideration is the pit spacing. The toilets in the lower row are generally only divided into the rear 300 and the rear 400. Just measure before you choose.

4. Body cleaner: The usage rate in Europe is very high. We don't use it much in Shenyang because the developer has not reserved this position. Many times, we want to pretend, but we can't let go. If there is space, you can consider it.

Third, the guest toilet waterway reconstruction design

Putting trivial things in the guest bathroom should not only meet the basic bathroom functions, but also put the washing machine and mop pool in the guest bathroom, as well as an extra water heater to keep the main bathroom clean and tidy.

1. Column basin can be selected for washbasin: column basin can be considered due to many guest and bathroom functions and limited space.

2. Choose a shower for bathing: because there are many people, it is convenient to achieve the goal. There is also a high frequency of bathing in summer, and it is very uncomfortable to stand in the bathtub every time. If space permits, try to consider the shower room, which can be separated from dry and wet, so that you won't get wet every time you go in after taking a shower.

3. The choice of bathroom: refer to the main guard.

4. Selection of washing machine: drum and automatic. As long as the location is better. It should be noted that the washing machine had better not use the same water as the floor drain, because the washing machine has a large flow when draining water, and it is easy to overflow water upwards.

5. Selection of the mop pool: This problem refers to the floor laying of the bedroom and living room and the capacity of the bathroom. If there are many floor tiles, it is better to install a mop pool, which is more convenient. If it's the floor, don't do it. Get a bucket and it will be solved.

6. Installation of water heater: The water heater depends on the number of people living in the house and whether there is a bathtub. If you have a bathtub, don't choose an electric water heater below 80 liters. If there are many people, try to choose a bigger one. 50~60 liters is enough for two people.

Circuit conversion of decorative literacy

The meaning of circuit transformation:

Circuit transformation is the first step of the whole decoration construction, which refers to the decoration process of replacing all or part of the circuits used by the original developers according to the decoration configuration, family population, living habits and aesthetic concepts. Generally, it is called hydropower reconstruction together with waterway reconstruction. Hydropower transformation is the most important part of concealed engineering, which is easy to cause potential safety hazards, and the owner should pay attention to it.

The process of circuit conversion:

According to the design drawings, the construction personnel shall determine the anchor point with the owner → protect the finished product on the construction site → stretch the line according to the line direction → slot according to the line direction → unpack → clean up the muck → fix the electric box → thread the steel wire → connect all kinds of strong and weak electricity, without exposure → close the electric trough → accept and test the strong and weak electricity.

Matters needing attention in circuit transformation:

1. Precast floor slab of second-hand house should avoid slotting pipes on the basis of the original floor slab as far as possible to prevent the old building from being damaged by large vibration during construction.

2. It is not advisable to slot the jumper on the ground at will to avoid the pipeline area; It is not advisable to drill holes in the ground to fix the pipeline at will, so as to avoid the pipeline area.

3. When opening the tape, avoid the reinforcement. You can move it up and down and even change its position. It is forbidden to break steel bars.

4. It is forbidden to open a long horizontal slot on the wall to walk the electric tube. The load-bearing wall is easy to damage the structure, and the long-distance reinforcement breaking of the light wall will still cause future troubles. 5. Without special circumstances, the catheter should not be placed in the plastering line, which is prone to dead bends and dead lines.

6. The pipe bender is used to turn PVC cold-formed conduit with a pipe diameter less than 25MM, and no elbow can be added when turning.

7. It is forbidden to use three-way wiring for the walking tube, so it cannot be maintained in the later period.

8. After laying the PVC conduit, it is necessary to glue the interface with PVC.

9. The floor in the wet area of the bathroom should not be electrified; If it is unavoidable, the ground must be a whole pipe, and no pipe joints can be left.

10. The conduit is laid and fixed in advance, and then it is threaded with steel wire.

1 1. Circuit wiring should be based on the principle of "the shortest distance between two ends", and wiring without reason is prohibited, which will unnecessarily increase the expenditure of hydropower transformation and easily lead to artificial "dead line".

12. In general, the spacing between junction boxes of strong and weak wires shall not be less than ≥500MM, and the spacing parallel to the ground shall not be less than 200 mm.. Weak current conductors, especially copper axis cables, must use multilayer shielded cables.

13. The equipotential connection junction box in the bathroom cannot be sealed.

14. Reference data of socket switch panel in each room. The height of the master switch for lighting control is 1400- 1500MM, and the left-right spacing is 200MM；. The height of ordinary socket is 350-400 mm; The height of the bedside double control switch is about 850 mm. The height of the wall-mounted TV power supply depends on the space size and TV size, and the general height is1000-1200mm. For background music, temperature control, intelligent lighting and electrical control, please refer to the lighting master switch for the height value of weak current panel for easy control.

15. It is strictly forbidden to bury non-conduit wires directly under the wall, roof and ground.

16. Specification for concealed laying of PVC conduits. The diameter of 2.5 square BV conduit is 16MM, and the diameter of 4 square BV conduit is 20MM, which ensures that the standby capacity of concealed conduit after threading is ≥60%.

65438+

18. In principle, it is forbidden to directly connect single-core cables and multi-core cables in high-voltage transformation. If unavoidable, the joint must be tinned.

19. Strictly abide by the design scheme of strong and weak current wiring scheme. When the conduit length exceeds 15m or there are two right-angle bends, the cable box should be increased or the radius of the right-angle bend should be appropriately increased. There are too many detours in buried pipelines. When laying pipelines, the lines shall be laid at the nearest distance according to the requirements of design drawings and site conditions.

20. Telephone lines, TV lines, network lines, audio lines and other strong wires and weak wires shall not be inserted in the same tube.

2 1. High-voltage conductor pipes and water pipes, gas and weak current pipes cannot be concealed in the same tank.

22. In the water and electricity decoration of home decoration, it is necessary to define the line color of high-voltage conductor: the color of phase line (L) should be any one of red, green and Huang San, neutral line (N) should be blue, protective line (PE) should be yellow-green, and control line should be white.

23. In the electrical transformation, a junction box must be installed at any joint, and no joint can be left in the straight pipe; No wired junction box can be blocked with gypsum or cement, and it is easy to maintain by adding a cover plate.

24. After the completion of electrical engineering construction, necessary inspections and tests should be carried out, such as the action of leakage switch, the insulation resistance of each circuit and the electrification of electrical appliances, the lighting of lamps and lanterns, the control of switches, etc. The next step can be carried out only after passing the inspection (the acceptance method will be detailed in the next hydropower acceptance).

25. After the circuit transformation is completed, relevant detailed drawings must be issued.

What should the owner do for this step:

Before the hydropower project, we should plan how to place all kinds of electrical appliances at home and participate in the circuit design in an all-round way. Before roughly determining the location and number of switch sockets, we must carefully consider the possibility, feasibility and availability. To communicate clearly with the workers, no one wants to pull wires everywhere on the walls and floors of their new homes.

Comprehensive analysis of ceiling installation process Six steps of fixed ceiling installation

The installation of integrated ceiling involves all kinds of piping problems in kitchen and bathroom, which needs special attention. Below, Handing ceiling installation master showed us the whole process of ceiling installation, although there are only six steps, but reminded consumers to pay special attention to the order not to make a mistake, otherwise the most satisfactory effect will definitely not be achieved.

What we must know before installing the ceiling!

1. Do you want to install cabinets or ceilings first?

After the wall tiles are pasted, you can install the ceiling. Install the ceiling first, because the level and height of the cabinet depends on the ceiling.

How high is the ceiling from the roof?

The kitchen room is 20~25cm, and the bathroom is 25~30cm. As long as the above pipes can be effectively sealed and there is enough discharge space, the ceiling should be hung as high as possible to leave more space for life.

3. How many lines should be laid in the kitchen and bathroom?

. Kitchen: Cool Bar 2 line, LED light bar 1 line (one line for each switch).

Toilet: Yuba bus has six live wires 1 zero wires (five-way switch) and LED bus 1 wires (single switch).

4. Do you need to embed the pipeline before installing the ceiling?

Yes, the pipes of the range hood should be embedded in advance before installing the ceiling.

The following are the ceiling installation steps.

Prepare tools

1. Prepare all kinds of tools needed for ceiling installation.

Installing ceiling sealing line

2. Determine the installation height, install the edge line of the ceiling, and the installation of the corner line will determine the installation height and levelness of the ceiling.

Installing expansion pipe

3. Install the expansion pipe and determine the stress point. Six screws will bear the weight of the whole integrated ceiling. First, measure the dimensions on the ceiling, drill holes and screw in the expansion pipe screws. The connection between the screw and the ceiling is the benchmark of the whole ceiling installation. The screws must be vertical to the ceiling and firmly fixed, and each screw must be parallel. Under normal circumstances, the ceiling only needs 6 screws, which can make the whole ceiling very strong.

Main and auxiliary keel installation

4. Installation of main keel and auxiliary keel. Keel is the foundation for installing gusset plates and electrical appliances. First, the main keel is connected and installed with a large hanger. The main keel is stuck on the large hanger, and the required main keel is selected and intercepted according to the space size. After the main keel is clamped, check whether the installed main keel is parallel, and adjust it in time if it is not parallel. Secondly, the triangular keel is connected with the main keel. According to the number of main keels, insert the triangular pendants into the triangular keels, fix the triangular pendants on the main keels in turn, and adjust the spacing of the triangular keels to 300mm before fixing.

Bucket plate installation

5. The installation of gusset plates, especially the installation of the first row of gusset plates. After the keel is erected, the lampblack machine mouth is reserved, and the pinch plate can be installed.

electric installation

6. The electrical installation is heavier than the pinch plate and needs to be fixed with machine screws. Before installing electrical appliances, the required height of electrical appliances must be set aside. According to the design drawings, confirm the exact installation position of the main engine, and then start to install electrical equipment.

It is the key to improve the wall surface and do a good job in basic treatment.

The basic treatment of wall surface is an indispensable link in wall decoration. If the basic treatment of your home wall is not done well, it will leave hidden dangers. For example, there are phenomena such as wall cracking and peeling. Therefore, the basic treatment of the renovated wall should be done in strict accordance with the standards.

Part 1: The first step of base treatment is to check the wall foundation.

Generally check the hollowing, cracking, flatness, verticality, yin and yang angle and water resistance of putty. The wall should have sufficient strength, and its surface quality should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standards.

First, check the new wall.

1, check whether there are any hollows and cracks on the base plate.

The hollowing of the wall will seriously affect the adhesion of the coating. Usually, visual inspection, knocking, scraping with hard tools, hand rubbing and other methods are used for inspection. If the phenomenon of empty drum is found, it must be completely eradicated, and repaired and leveled with matching putty or cement mortar in the same proportion as the wall mortar to ensure that the coating is absorbed evenly and there is no seam trace.

2. The overlapping trace of plaster at the grass-roots level

The uneven overlapping marks of the base material will affect the beauty of the decoration, so it needs to be polished with a grinder before construction.

3, wall nail head

Before painting, chisel off the nail, knock off the wall, and then coat the nail head with antirust paint.

Second, about the old wall.

1, pulverization, drip mark, dust accumulation

Brush the base with a bamboo broom to repair the uneven parts.

Step 2 shell

Knock off the paint that is about to peel off.

Step 3 crack

After the outer coating is cleaned, different surface roughening and flattening treatments are selected according to the size of cracks.

4, lampblack oil, grease

You can scrub with alkaline water and then rinse with clean water.

Bian Xiao's summary: The above mentioned the inspection of new and old walls before renovation and the handling of different situations. Next, let's learn more about the foundation treatment work that needs to be done before the construction of the wall facing layer.

Part II: Cleaning the wall, brushing the interface agent and leveling.

After the stains and unevenness of the wall base are treated, you can brush the interface agent and level it.

First, deal with the grass-roots wall.

Different basic treatment methods are slightly different, but the general requirement is that the basic level should be flat and clean before brushing. For rough room walls, leveling and cleaning are needed; For whitewashed walls, the old paint needs to be removed and used for 5 years. 2. Brush the interface agent.

After the basic cleaning treatment of different wall foundations is completed, you can choose to brush the interface agent next. The interfacial agent can enhance the adhesion to the base and avoid the phenomenon of hollowing and shelling of the plastering layer. When brushing the interface agent, it must be evenly brushed.

Third, leveling treatment.

After brushing the interface agent, it is necessary to level the uneven wall. For uneven walls, plaster gypsum should be used for leveling, so that the error of walls is not more than 3 mm.

Fourth, waterproof treatment.

If it is a bathroom, balcony and other waterproof walls. , waterproof coating must be used. In the past, waterproof materials only needed simple brushing, but now most new waterproof coatings are two-component or even three-component. Therefore, before the construction, we need to know how to configure and what is the proportion of configuration. If it is not blended in proportion, the blended waterproof coating may not achieve the original effect.

The third part: the wall crack-proof base must be handled well.

Wall foundation cracking is the most serious cracking on the wall surface. Therefore, before the wall decoration, we must do a good job of crack prevention at the grassroots level. Let's take a look at how to prevent the base from cracking before painting the wall.

1, where crack prevention treatment is needed.

Junction of new and old walls: In the process of decoration, new walls are often built according to the design needs. Because the new wall and the old wall are different in building materials, construction time and construction skills, cracks usually appear at the junction of the new and old walls.

Joints of different bases: During the decoration process, there will be splicing between the wall and other materials, such as the splicing between the wooden frame of the wardrobe and the wall, and the splicing between the ceiling and the wall. Because different substrates are different, their connection ability is poor, so cracks are easy to occur at the joints, and anti-cracking treatment is needed.

Slotted wall construction site: Water and electricity decoration requires slotting and burying pipelines on the wall, and improper repair after slotting will also lead to cracks on the wall.

2, basic anti-crack treatment commonly used materials

In order to prevent the wall foundation from cracking, in general, it is only necessary to paste kraft paper, dacron cloth, grid cloth, bandage and other materials at the cracked part of the wall, the junction of light wall and load-bearing wall, and the junction of gypsum board.

3, anti-crack treatment steps at the grass-roots level

Cement mortar leveling: After the peeling and loosening of the wall surface are cleaned, the gap shall be leveled with cement mortar. During construction, the ratio of cement to sand should be 1: 3. If the ratio is high, it is easy to crack.

"Sticking cloth" treatment: there are two kinds of anti-cracking treatment for cracking parts: whole wall treatment and local treatment. For example, the internal insulation wall and cement or gypsum are suitable for the whole wall when the quality is not good, and the grooves left by hydropower transformation and cracks around construction holes are suitable for local treatment. The general treatment method is sticking cloth or kraft paper.

The fourth part: three parts of materials and seven parts of construction support, putty batch scraping

After cleaning the wall surface at the grass-roots level, brushing the interface agent, leveling and cracking prevention, the next step is to brush putty. Putty has a great influence on the later wall quality. Let's learn more about the construction method of batch scraping putty.

1, prepare putty

If ordinary putty powder needs to be prepared on site, the ratio of putty powder to water should be strictly controlled according to the product description. At the same time, stir it as evenly as possible, then let it stand 10 ~ 20 minutes and stir it evenly again before use.

2, batch of putty

Scrape with a scraper or spatula as usual. Try to make it completely fit the wall when scraping, and don't scrape it repeatedly in one step.

Batch scraping thickness: the thickness of batch scraping putty is generally between 0.8 ~1.5 mm. Too thick batch scraping will cause hollowing, and too thin batch scraping will cause pulverization.

Scraping times: Scraping times should not be too much. Generally, two batches of new houses are enough, and three batches of second-hand houses are better. After each painting, due to the high strength of putty, it should be leveled with a scraper when the putty is in a semi-dry state, and it should be lightly pressed by hand without deformation.

3. Sandpaper grinding

When the putty is dry, sand it with sandpaper. Polishing must be carried out from all sides to the center. Be extra careful when grinding the corners and try to be as straight as possible. Be careful not to grind paper or wear through putty. After the scraper is sanded, the floating dust is cleaned, and the top coat can be directly brushed.

Bian Xiao concluded: After the putty batch scraping is completed, the next step of facing material construction can be carried out. Or paint latex paint, or paste wallpaper.

13 problems that should be paid attention to in waterway reconstruction

1, waterway design should first consider all water-related equipment, such as water purifier, water heater, kitchen treasure, toilet, washbasin, etc. Their locations, installation methods and whether hot water is needed;

2, want to use gas or electric water heaters in advance, to avoid temporary replacement of water heaters, resulting in repeated transformation of waterways;

3. Except the water outlet of washbasin, toilet, washing machine, etc. It is best to pick them up one by one, so that it is convenient to mop the floor after receiving water;

4. After the location of the washing machine is determined, the drainage pipe of the washing machine can be considered in the wall, which is beautiful and convenient;

5. There should be two suppression tests after the waterway transformation, and now many decoration teams are doing a suppression;

6. It is best to have a property on-site suppression test, which can play a supervisory role; Because some decoration teams will cheat the owners in this link. The method is: when pressing, open the "return valve" of the pressing pump to form a loop. Although the press pump seems to be working, the pressure in the pipeline is not great, especially the electric press pump, which students should pay more attention to.

7. Pay attention to check whether the drains in the kitchen and bathroom are unobstructed when closing the house. If the drainage is slow, the property should be dredged in time; Protect the drain when decorating, especially when laying kitchen and bathroom tiles, which is most likely to cause cement to fall into the drain and cause blockage;

8. After the kitchen and bathroom floor tiles are laid, check whether the floor drain is unobstructed (the drainage speed after removing the floor drain cover shall prevail, because most deep-water sealed floor drains have the problem of slow drainage);

9, if you want to close the redundant floor drain, be sure to hold the gap between the drain pipe and the floor drain to prevent water from overflowing;

10. Earlier in the forum, Zhang Gong recommended Songshan deepwater floor drain sealing. When using the deep-water sealed floor drain in the future, it should be cleaned frequently according to the use situation, otherwise the rubber pad under the floor drain will not seal after hanging dirty things;

165438+ As a result, my family unfortunately became that 90%. The main reason is that the deep-water sealed floor drain has a common feature of slow launching. For the deep-water sealed floor drain used in shower rooms and other places, because of the small amount of water, it can basically meet the drainage needs. However, the drainage speed of washing machine is very fast, which can not reach the drainage speed of deep-water floor drain at all, which directly leads to water overflow;

12. In the process of waterway reconstruction, four points should be paid attention to for the cold and hot water supply pipes reserved for installing electric water heaters and faucets in the future:

(1) Ensure the spacing of 15cm (at present, the spacing between hot and cold water of most electric water heaters and faucets is 15cm, and some are10cm);

(2) The hot and cold water nozzles have the same height;

(3) The nozzles of hot and cold water are perpendicular to the wall, so be careful not to let the bricklayer tilt when sticking the wall brick in the future (if it is not perpendicular, it will be difficult to install it in the future);

(4), cold and hot water nozzle should be two centimeters higher than the wall, when laying wall tiles, bricklayer should also be required to ensure that the wall tiles and water pipe nozzle are on the same level. If the size is not suitable, install electric water heaters, faucets, etc. Additional couplings, internal wires and other connectors may need to be purchased in the future to complete the installation;

13, don't forget that the bathroom floor is waterproof, especially the slotted floor. If the shower area is not a closed shower room, the wall waterproof should be 180 cm high to prevent "wall sweating" in the future. Be sure to do a 24-hour closed water test before plastering cement. Bricklaying can only be done without problems.

Circuit acceptance of decoration literacy

Circuit acceptance refers to the joint acceptance of the project quality by the owner, the construction team and the supervisor after the completion of all circuit transformation. Because it involves the safety of electricity consumption and people's daily life, circuit acceptance is very important, which is generally called hydropower acceptance together with waterway acceptance. What are the precautions for circuit acceptance, and what does the owner need to do in this step?

Significance of circuit acceptance

Circuit acceptance refers to the joint acceptance of the project quality by the owner, the construction team and the supervisor after the completion of all circuit transformation. Because it involves the safety of electricity consumption and people's daily life, circuit acceptance is very important, which is generally called hydropower acceptance together with waterway acceptance.

Circuit acceptance process

1, check

Check whether the intercom and emergency call buttons of the house are normal, whether the doorbell of the house is normal, the safety of the safety socket, and the number and safety of the broadband sockets of the TV, including the bathroom, kitchen, living room and bedroom.

2, the safety of the electrical circuit switch box

Electrical wiring is safe and convenient. According to the regulations, the cycle times of each house should not be less than 5 times. The switch in the switch box is firmly installed, so it can be replaced and checked for looseness. Each branch switch in the switch box shall be clearly marked. If there is no or unclear, correct it immediately when decorating.

3, electric pen test socket panel

Use an electric pen to test whether there is any problem with the socket panel, all switches, sockets and main electric valves in the house. Pull down the socket switch in the main switch box and the indicator light will go out. Frequent tests prove that the switch and wiring are good and the socket is safe.

4, pull the valve power test

When switches and meters are outdoors, check whether they can control indoor lamps and sockets. The method is whether the indoor power supply is completely cut off after the switch is turned on; If there are switches in the room, you should also check whether each switch completely controls each branch line.

5. See if the electricity meter is electrified.

At present, most of the meters are 10(40)A single-phase meters. Are they running normally? Either it's fast or it's slow. The number of meters used for copying, because during the construction process, workers may use your energy, and the money should not be paid by the owner.

Matters needing attention in circuit acceptance:

1, strong current and weak current should be distinguished by conduits with different colors, which is convenient for future maintenance.

2. The arrangement of all conduits should be "horizontal and vertical". For some families with limited budget, there is no great potential safety hazard by using oblique staggered wiring, but it is necessary to remember the position of the catheter to prevent the catheter from being damaged by drilling and nailing on the wall.

3. When the strong and weak conduits cross each other, one of them should be wrapped with tin foil, which can avoid the bad signal caused by mutual interference, and also protect the intersection of conduits and reduce wear.

4. The connecting socket slots of strong and weak current lines located on the wall should be separated by 15-30cm, which will be more convenient to use and avoid mutual influence.

5. When arranging the loop, the angle of single conduit ≤ 90 should not be greater than 3. When the angle ≤ 90 is greater than 3, it will be difficult to pull a single wire out of the catheter when replacing the wire in the future, which will easily lead to wire breakage.

6. At present, there are 4 points and 6 points commonly used in home decoration, and 6 points is widely used. It should be noted that there should be no more than five wires in six points, otherwise the wires in the pipe will be tightly intertwined, which will bring trouble to future maintenance.

7. In the kitchen and bathroom space, the 10cm wire located on the ceiling should be reserved outside the on-line pipe connecting electric lights, yuba and other equipment. At the same time, all wires exposed outside the pipeline should be protected with hoses to avoid damaging the wires outside the pipeline and increasing the service life of the wires.

8. In addition, color separation should be done before buying wires for decoration. It is best to choose different colors for the strong and weak lines and the wall lines to facilitate future maintenance.

Common problems and treatment measures in suspended ceiling construction

Why did the painted flat top collapse?

Decorated rooms, because the painted flat roof collapsed, damaged the interior decoration, and even caused casualties, which happened before. The main reasons are:

(1) The floor is uneven, the leveling layer is too thick, or the impurities attached to the floor are not removed.

(2) Cast-in-place concrete floor formwork is carelessly installed and uneven, or used engine oil as release agent, and the joint of formwork is repaired with linoleum or fiberboard or even paper, which is not cleaned before painting.

(4) The wooden boom splits or the steam needle is too short or too little.

Therefore, in the process of hanging flat roof construction, the four "should" of wall acceptance should be avoided.

It should be a:

The base of pasting wall surface should be solid, flat and dry, and the angle of yin and yang should be straight and square. There shall be no bubbles, hollows, cracks, warpage, wrinkles and stains on the surface of the pasted wallpaper and wall cloth, and the wallpaper and wall cloth shall be firmly pasted and have the same color.

There should be two:

The wallpaper and wall covering should overlap in the internal corner, and the external corner should be dense and seamless. Wallpaper, wall cloth and hanging mirror line, door and window cover, curtain box, skirting board, etc. Adjacent to each other, without gaps.

There should be three:

Flat-fell seam should be horizontal and vertical, and the patterns and patterns at the joints should be consistent, and there should be no separation or overlap. Distance from the wall 1.5m is not obvious, flat-fell seam surface is smooth, allowable deviation of vertical elevation is 2mm, and allowable deviation of joint height is 0.5mm. ..

There should be four:

Ceramic tiles should be pasted firmly, without hollowing, obvious color difference, skew, lack of edges and corners and cracks. Non-brick parts should be arranged reasonably, the dimensions around the wall protrusions should be accurate, the edges should be consistent, and the dado should be straight and smooth.