Structural type analysis of intelligent building

The development of intelligent buildings has presented and will continue to present diversified characteristics, from single buildings to contiguous building squares, from large skyscrapers to small family houses, from centralized buildings to geographically dispersed residential areas, which are collectively called intelligent buildings. Intelligent building can shorten the distance between people and realize zero-time and zero-distance communication. Intelligent buildings have the following types and hierarchies: 1. Intelligent building. Intelligent building mainly refers to building a single office building into a comprehensive intelligent building. The basic framework of intelligent building is to combine the three subsystems of BA, CA and OA into a complete whole, and the development trend is to develop in the direction of system integration, management integration and diversification, and intelligent urbanization, so as to truly realize intelligent building as an ideal place for modern office and life. 2. Smart Plaza. The intelligent building has changed from a single building to a piece of development, forming a relatively concentrated building complex, which is called the intelligent square. Intelligent building is no longer limited to office buildings, but gradually extends to apartments, shopping malls, hospitals, schools and other fields. Besides all the functions of an intelligent building, a smart square has the characteristics of larger system and more complex structure. Generally, it should have an intelligent building integrated management system (IBMS), which can comprehensively and comprehensively manage all buildings in the Smart Plaza. 3. Smart residence. The development of intelligent residence is divided into three levels: firstly, home electronics (he), secondly, home automation (HA), and finally, intelligent residence, which is called smart residence (WH) in the United States and smart residence (SH) in Europe. Intelligent residence refers to integrating all kinds of information-related communication equipment, household appliances and family safety equipment into the network through the family distribution system (HDS), carrying out centralized or off-site monitoring and control and family affairs management, maintaining the coordination between these family facilities and the living environment, providing services such as work, study and entertainment, and creating a multifunctional information-based living space. 4. wireless city. Intelligent community is a general term for residential communities with a certain degree of intelligence. Intelligent community is a community with information of home life, intelligent property management and universal IC card. In addition to meeting the basic living functions, the building of intelligent residential quarters should also consider five elements: safety, health, energy saving, convenience and comfort. The intelligentization of residential quarters is a process, which is constantly improved with the development of intelligent technology and the growth of people's demand, indicating that sustainable development is an important feature of intelligentization of residential quarters. 5. Smart cities. After the realization of smart residence and wireless city, the city's intelligence will be further strengthened, and a smart city characterized by informationization will emerge. The main symbol of smart city is highly developed communication. Fiber to the roadside (FTTC), fiber to the building (FTTB), fiber to the office (FTTO), fiber to the area (FTTZ) and fiber to the home (FTTH). Secondly, the popularity of computers and inter-city networking. Computer network will penetrate into people's work, study, office, shopping, stock trading, leisure and almost all other fields, and e-commerce has become fashionable. Third, the office is paperless and remote. 6. Smart country. Smart village is based on smart city, connecting all intercity networks into wide area network, covering the whole country, making it convenient to realize remote operation, remote meeting and remote office throughout the country. You can also communicate with the whole world through the Internet or other means of communication and enter the information society, so the whole world will become a "global village".