Port special report

Please refer to the following report on ports.

Port special report

Port transformation

Chen Xiaoyuan, deputy to the National People's Congress and president of Shanghai International Port (Group) Co., Ltd., said that in the next stage of the construction of Shanghai International Shipping Center, efforts should be made in the hub port of the Yangtze River Delta, Yangshan Comprehensive Experimental Zone, port collection and distribution system, modern logistics service system, cruise industry and port cooperation. He suggested changing the development mode of port business from simple loading and unloading to logistics chain service.

Chang Dechuan, deputy to the National People's Congress and president of Qingdao Port, said that it is urgent to change the mode and structure and get rid of the development mode of high energy consumption, high emissions and high pollution. We should aim at the goals of independent innovation, resource conservation, environmental friendliness, quality and efficiency, and family harmony, and build a new port.

Yu Rumin, deputy to the National People's Congress and chairman of Tianjin Port Group, said that the Binhai New Area government proposed to build a northern international shipping center and logistics center in 20 15, and Tianjin Port will play the role of a core carrier, and proposed to build a duty-free port in the east of Tianjin Port.

[Editor's note] "Accelerating the transformation of economic development mode" is the most distinctive theme at the two sessions of the National People's Congress. Promote change in development and seek development in change. At present, many ports have begun to put forward the "fourth generation port construction" as the next stage of transformation goal. However, the editor believes that not all third-generation ports are likely to develop into fourth-generation ports, and not all third-generation ports need to develop into fourth-generation ports.

Low carbon shipping

The "Government Work Report" pointed out that energy conservation, emission reduction and ecological environment protection should be strengthened without relaxation. Focusing on energy conservation in the three major fields of industry, transportation and construction, we will continue to promote the construction of ten key energy-saving projects.

Gao Hongfeng, deputy to the National People's Congress and vice minister of the Ministry of Transport, said that the Ministry of Transport will fully learn from foreign advanced experience, accurately grasp the current situation of carbon emissions in China's transportation industry, and study and propose an overall framework for the construction of a low-carbon transportation system.

Gao Baoyu, deputy to the National People's Congress and president of Yingkou Port Group, pointed out that the sewage discharge when ships dock at the port and the construction of the port will also have a certain impact on the environment. Nowadays, entering Hong Kong requires "low-carbon" operation. Port enterprises have a great responsibility and a long way to go in developing "low-carbon economy". For example, optimize the functional layout of the terminal; Implement the original ecological port construction; Building specialized docks; Take pollution prevention measures for important parts such as bulk cargo terminals; Carry out greening in the port area; Update equipment in time and implement "oil to electricity"; Reform the loading and unloading technology and do a good job in sewage treatment. The development of low-carbon economy in ports is a systematic project, which needs overall planning and scientific implementation.

[Editor's note] It is urgent to change the mode of economic development, and the low-carbon economy that attracts worldwide attention is just the right time. Shipping is considered to be the most carbon-efficient mode of transportation. Developing low-carbon economy provides an important starting point for the structural adjustment and transformation of China's shipping industry. Low-carbon economy will become a new growth point of 20 10 shipping market. If China's shipping industry wants to occupy a place in the low-carbon economy, it must speed up technology research and development, enhance the core technology capability of the industry, and meet the low-carbon technical specifications of international conventions.

reform of taxation expenses

Sun Hong, deputy to the National People's Congress and general manager of Dalian Port Group, pointed out that it has been a policy for decades to levy port construction fees, but now the positive effects of port construction fees are getting lower and lower, and the negative effects are getting bigger and bigger. It is suggested to cancel or change the collection method of port construction fees.

Liu Xihan, deputy to the National People's Congress and general manager of Yangtze River Shipping Group, proposed that Yangtze River shipping enterprises should enjoy differentiated taxation. He asked whether it is possible to implement a pricing mechanism based on carbon emissions.

Li Shaode, member of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and president of China Shipping (Group) Corporation, submitted a proposal, referring to the practice of developed shipping countries, to implement a preferential tax system for shipping enterprises, from the current income system to a "ton tax system", to cancel or reduce the business tax of shipping enterprises, and at the same time to appropriately reduce the tax burden of shipping enterprises in handling ship value-added income; The personal income tax of seafarers will be reduced or exempted to improve the international competitiveness of China's shipping industry.

[Editor's note] Port construction fee is a kind of fee levied by the state on port construction. At present, the existing problems include: narrowing the scope of collection at will, lowering the collection standard without authorization, changing the collection method without authorization, and weak external supervision. The reasons are as follows: First, fierce competition has led to changes in the formation mechanism of port loading and unloading rates, and the collection units have levied little or no port construction fees to ensure their own interests. Second, the main body of investment in port construction has changed, which has led to the low enthusiasm of some collection units. It is urgent to reform the existing port construction fee. The editor believes that it has become an inevitable trend of the times to gradually cancel the port construction fee and replace it with tax.

At present, 60% of the shipping countries in the world include the Netherlands, Britain, Norway, Germany, India, South Korea and Japan. The tonnage tax system has been adopted to fundamentally strengthen its marine transportation industry and avoid the loss of its assets and interests to the maximum extent. Ship tonnage tax system has become the standard of international shipping tax system. In addition, most maritime countries have implemented preferential policies to reduce or exempt seafarers' personal income tax, such as Sweden, Singapore and the Philippines. At present, China's tax system is mainly turnover tax, and large-scale comprehensive tax reform lacks maneuverability. However, the international shipping center currently under construction in China can become a platform and pilot for tax reform. Through institutional innovation, on the one hand, it can improve the business environment for China's ocean shipping enterprises, on the other hand, it can promote the gathering of shipping elements to the international shipping center under construction, and also promote the development of China's high-end shipping service industry.

internal navigation

Ma, member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and director of Jiangxi Provincial Communications Department, suggested that the strategic position and important role of inland shipping should be highlighted when formulating China's Twelfth Five-Year Plan, and the development of inland shipping should be accelerated vigorously in accordance with the requirements of implementing Scientific Outlook on Development and transforming the mode of economic development.

Yan Shougen,,, Yu, and five deputies to the National People's Congress jointly suggested that the infrastructure construction of inland waterways that meet the construction timing and conditions in the National High-grade Waterway Network Plan should be included in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, and the state finance should increase financial investment in inland waterways and port facilities, and issue guiding opinions on the development of inland waterways as soon as possible to guide the construction of inland waterways nationwide.

Jin Yihua, a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and former director of the Yangtze River Waterway Bureau of the Ministry of Communications, believes that to develop inland river shipping, we must learn to play the piano. Spreading the net is not conducive to development. In the short term, we should start with the Pearl River system and the Yangtze River system, which is the focus of the inland river system. It is necessary to formulate scientific and reasonable construction and development plans and study relevant systems.

Tang Yan, deputy to the National People's Congress and loading and unloading driver of Donglian Branch of Lianyungang Port Co., Ltd., said that the development of inland river shipping can save land resources to the greatest extent, reduce energy consumption, reduce environmental pollution and effectively relieve the pressure on resources and environment, which is an inevitable requirement for realizing the sustainable development of China's transportation. Inland river shipping must play a "longboard" effect in the "two-oriented" society and the whole comprehensive transportation system.

Liu Gongchen, member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and safety director of the Ministry of Transport, said that China's inland shipping resources are abundant, and there are problems such as small average tonnage and disorderly ship types, which seriously hinder the competitiveness of inland shipping. The state should promote the standardization of inland river ship types as soon as possible.

[Editor's note] According to the government work report, to fight a tough battle and a protracted war on energy conservation and emission reduction, we should focus on industry, transportation and construction, vigorously promote energy conservation and consumption reduction, and improve energy utilization efficiency. Inland river shipping has the advantages of large transport capacity, small land occupation, low energy consumption, light pollution and low cost, which is more in line with the requirements of energy saving and emission reduction than railways and highways. The development of inland navigation should be upgraded to a national strategy, and long-term and stable capital investment should be given to make science and technology an important support for the development of inland navigation and accelerate the modernization of inland navigation.

Ship leasing

Ma Weihua, member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and president of China Merchants Bank, submitted a proposal to promote the development of aircraft and ship leasing industry in China, expand the fleet and fleet in China, and further promote the development of the entire industrial chain related to aircraft and ships in China.

[Editor's note] China has not yet established a complete ship leasing market, and all participants have different degrees of involvement in ship leasing transactions. No matter from the knowledge, capital and experience, they can't bear the growing demand for ship purchase and construction alone. It can be said that the ship financing leasing business in China is almost blank. On the one hand, China's shipbuilding industry is constantly growing, and on the other hand, shipowners are in deep debt and unable to borrow any more. The domestic ship leasing market is still in its infancy.

In the editor's view, it is not an overnight event to vigorously carry out ship financial leasing. In the future, the government should actively promote and improve the credit rating system of shipping and shipbuilding enterprises, promote the evaluation model of foreign financial institutions in a targeted manner, speed up the construction of the legal system of ship financial leasing, and issue relevant rules as soon as possible. Only by strengthening risk research and formulating and implementing relevant industrial policies can we better promote the development of financial leasing market and make the shipping industry bigger and stronger.

sailor

At present, the phenomenon of China sailors "abandoning water and land" reflects that this special occupation of China has not got a good sense of professional superiority. The loss of a large number of sailors has restricted the development of China's shipping industry.

Liu Yuming, member of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and former president of Workers' Daily, submitted a proposal, suggesting that the state should formulate and introduce preferential policies to exempt China seafarers from personal income tax as soon as possible.

Wang, deputy to the National People's Congress and president of Dalian Maritime University, called for the reduction of seafarers' personal income tax in order to restore the attractiveness of seafarers' careers and thus inject talent into the development of China's shipping industry. At present, foreign countries such as Sweden, Singapore and the Philippines completely exempt seafarers from personal income tax, while countries such as Britain, Japan and the Netherlands exempt seafarers from personal income tax.

Liu Gongchen, member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and safety director of the Ministry of Transport, said that seafarers' labor service belongs to the marine "blue industry" and is a green industry. As a big maritime country and a big seafarer country, China should further accelerate the development of seafarers' overseas labor services to serve the expansion of employment. The first suggestion is to reduce the personal income tax of seafarers.

Improve the construction of shipping-related laws and regulations

The deputies suggested that the state should establish and improve the system of laws and regulations on the development of inland waterway transportation, speed up the promulgation of the Waterway Law, and improve the relevant laws and regulations on waterway transportation management.

Dong Yongan, deputy to the National People's Congress and director of Henan Bureau, suggested speeding up the formulation of local laws and government regulations to promote the development of water transport, protecting inland water transport resources according to law, and standardizing the behavior of departments, localities and enterprises; Yang Guangcheng, deputy to the National People's Congress and director of the Yunnan Provincial Communications Department, believes that the waterway is the center of inland shipping development, and the existing legal system of the country is not enough to protect the waterway. The waterway and maritime administrative departments lack the means and strength to protect the waterway. It is suggested that the state should promulgate the Waterway Law as soon as possible, and bring the construction, management and maintenance of inland waterways into the national legal guarantee system. Ma, member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and director of the Jiangxi Provincial Department of Transportation, suggested that in the Waterway Law, a stable investment channel for government-led waterway public welfare infrastructure should be established through legal provisions. It is also necessary to formulate the Inland Navigation Law and the Regulations on the Management and Protection of Port Shoreline, establish an institutional mechanism for the comprehensive development and utilization of water resources, and protect and make good use of limited water resources.

Sun Zhihui, member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and director of the State Oceanic Administration of China, said that in view of the current grim situation of maritime rights protection in China, it is necessary to speed up the legislative process of the Basic Law of the Sea, strengthen high-level coordination through legislation, coordinate and manage maritime affairs in a unified way, enhance the maritime awareness of the whole people, strengthen maritime rights protection, embody effective jurisdiction, and earnestly safeguard China's sovereignty and maritime rights and interests.