What's the use of load-bearing walls? Can the load-bearing wall be removed?

The news that the building collapsed due to the renovation and demolition of the load-bearing wall occurred from time to time. Many owners have such problems. Can the doors, windows and low walls connecting the balcony be removed? Can you make holes and open doors and windows in the load-bearing wall? What should I do if the load-bearing wall is demolished because I didn't know it beforehand? Regarding this phenomenon, let's explain in detail the function of the load-bearing wall and the consequences of illegal demolition.

Can the balcony wall be removed? Can the bearing wall be opened?

The safety of the balcony has been neglected by many people. Bian Xiao's online search found that people have been paying attention to the future of balcony low walls in various decoration forums for many years. Some netizens asked: "The low wall next to the balcony: There is a door and a window between many rooms and the balcony, and the wall under the window is called the' counterweight wall'. It is said that tearing down this wall will reduce the bearing capacity of the balcony and cause it to fall. Can this wall be torn down? "

In addition to the opposition of some netizens, many netizens agreed with this practice: "More than N people have knocked, no problem." "Generally speaking, such houses with low balcony walls are old rooms. The property in this old community is not as difficult as the new community, and no one cares if it is demolished. " "The wall under the window can be removed, absolutely no problem." "There are not a few people who have knocked off the balcony wall now. Dismantle it if you want. " "When this old house was renovated, this wall was basically demolished."

On the question of whether it is possible to make holes in the load-bearing wall, nearly half of the respondents said that as long as the load-bearing wall is not demolished, it is no problem to open small windows in it, which is conducive to lighting and ventilation.

Property survey: the property is difficult to cope with barbaric decoration.

In many residential areas, it is difficult to ensure the safety of decoration due to the loose management of property. Residents remove the low balcony wall and open windows on the load-bearing wall. How to manage the property? The responsible persons of several residential properties respectively gave the following answers: "When residents decorate, property management personnel will go to the site to inspect and find that the load-bearing wall has been demolished or drilled, and will issue a rectification notice, but the property has no law enforcement power and can only be discouraged." "In our community, neighbors have always reported that the renovated tenants demolished the balcony wall, and the renovated tenants were fined 50,000 yuan by the housing management office. Let the decoration company weld the steel bar and repair the wall again. If no one reports, no one will be fined. " "These years have been strictly controlled. If the balcony wall has been demolished before, ignore it. Now it will be stopped. " "If the decoration is not declared, it is difficult for residents to find holes in the load-bearing wall and it is not easy to manage."

Designer: The home improvement designer is powerless to stop the wall from being torn down.

Designers play a great role in decoration. So can the home improvement designers of regular companies stop the behavior of destroying the load-bearing wall? The designer said: In home improvement, consumers' unreasonable demolition requirements mainly focus on: removing short walls under balcony doors and windows, removing external walls of residents on the first floor to expand indoor space, removing load-bearing walls of old houses to change bedrooms into living rooms, and removing red brick walls of kitchens and bathrooms with auxiliary load-bearing functions. As designers, they will resolutely stop it. The company also strictly prohibits arbitrary demolition and renovation. However, there are still a few consumers who avoid it and look for decoration guerrillas to tear down the wall. In this case, she will feel very weak.

Experts say: Demolition, alteration and digging holes damage the safety of houses.

As a "load-bearing wall" system, all walls under pressure are not allowed to be dismantled or opened at will. Whether it is a masonry load-bearing wall or a reinforced concrete load-bearing wall, any demolition, modification and opening are beyond the control of the home improvement company.

"The load-bearing wall bears many functions such as load-bearing and shear resistance. At present, many events have confirmed that any unscientific demolition and reconstruction will cause irreparable disasters to the building. " According to Peng Hua, Ph.D. in Mechanics, Institute of Geomechanics, China Institute of Geology, during the Wenchuan earthquake, it was found that some buildings with good seismic performance collapsed in the middle, while other units were intact. The reason is that a resident destroyed the load-bearing wall during renovation, which reduced the seismic performance. The semi-collapse of a three-story building in Shanghai more intuitively illustrates the serious harm of decoration destroying the load-bearing wall.

At the same time, he reminded that although non-load-bearing walls do not play a major load-bearing role, some non-load-bearing walls are secondary load-bearing components and are extremely important supports for load-bearing walls. Take a 6-storey house as an example, the non-bearing wall in the bottom floor house should bear the weight of the upper 5-storey wall. This kind of non-bearing wall is usually a seismic wall in design. If there is an earthquake, these non-bearing walls will bear the earthquake force together with the bearing walls.

Special reminder: it is strictly forbidden to dismantle and change the lower wall of balcony window.

Experts pointed out that the wall under the balcony window cannot be dismantled and changed at will. Some brick-concrete structure design balcony floor is a structural component suspended on the wall, and the wall under the window is called "counterweight wall", which is pressed at the cantilever root to keep the balance of balcony floor and cannot be removed. In addition to brick-concrete structure, many residential balcony doors and windows (called shear walls) with cast-in-place concrete wallboard structure also have walls at the lower part of the windows, but this plays a shear role in calculating the earthquake resistance of the walls and cannot be removed.

If it is found that it is dismantled and changed without authorization, it should be stopped immediately. If necessary, the irrelevant personnel will be temporarily evacuated from the building, and the building will be appraised by professionals, and temporary reinforcement and preventive measures will be taken to observe the situation of the whole building, such as deformation and cracking. Structural design engineers and related professionals make remedial plans such as reinforcement and repair.

According to the requirements of the "Building Law", it is strictly forbidden to demolish and change buildings without permission. Unauthorized demolition and alteration of building structures is a major event involving their own safety and the interests of other neighboring households. If demolition, renovation and decoration are needed, the property management department should be informed in advance and relevant legal procedures (including reinforcement and renovation drawings and relevant approval documents, etc.) should be obtained. ) before construction; The realty service department shall timely review and check, timely warn and stop the problems found, and timely report to the urban construction supervision and management department, housing management office and other units.

The above is a detailed answer about whether the load-bearing wall can be dismantled. I wonder if you are satisfied with our introduction.