Photovoltaic panel for solar photovoltaic

Photovoltaic panel assembly is a kind of power generation device that collects heat and converts light energy into direct current under sunlight irradiation. It consists of thin solid photovoltaic cells made almost entirely of semiconductor materials (such as silicon). Because there are no moving parts, it can run for a long time without any loss. Simple photovoltaic cells can provide energy for watches and computers, while more complex photovoltaic systems can provide lighting for houses and power for power grids. Photovoltaic panel modules can be made into different shapes, and the modules can generate more electricity when connected. Photovoltaic panels are used on roofs and building surfaces, and even as a part of windows, skylights or shielding devices. These photovoltaic facilities are usually called photovoltaic systems attached to buildings. Solar AC power generation system consists of solar panels, charging controller, inverter and storage battery. Solar DC power generation system does not include inverter. In order to make the solar power generation system provide enough power for the load, it is necessary to reasonably select components according to the power of electrical appliances. Take the output power 100W and use it for 6 hours every day as an example to introduce the calculation method:

1. First, calculate the watt-hours consumed every day (including the loss of the inverter): if the conversion efficiency of the inverter is 90% and the output power is 100W, the actual output power should be100w/90% =1/kloc-0. If it is used for 5 hours every day, the power consumption is 1 1 1W*5 hours =555Wh.

2. Calculation of solar panels: According to the effective daily sunshine time of 6 hours, and considering the charging efficiency and the loss during charging, the output power of solar panels should be 555 Wh/6h/70% = 130 W ... among which, 70% is the actual electricity used by solar panels during charging. The sun is a natural energy source. Every living thing on the earth has the ability to function, and even its survival is attributed to the energy directly or indirectly from the sun. Our earth is nearly 1 100 million miles from the sun. The radiation energy it intercepts is incredibly low, about three parts per million. Even such a small amount of energy is actually100000 times larger than the existing power generation capacity in the world! The whole world, especially industrialized countries, began to feel energy shortage, so people began to turn to solar energy to solve the energy crisis.

Solar energy can be supplied infinitely every day, and the quantity is huge. If used in large power plants, it will reduce the greenhouse effect. Some energy experts and environmental experts believe that the thermal impact of solar energy is much smaller than any other substitute in meeting the future energy demand of mankind. As a pollution-free and inexhaustible new energy, it is everywhere. Especially in power supply, some experts believe that solar power will eventually account for 20% of power supply.

Solar energy is a kind of radiant energy, and solar power generation is to directly convert sunlight into electrical energy, which must be converted into electrical energy by means of an energy converter. The process of direct conversion of light energy into electric energy should be called photovoltaic effect. Without any other mechanical parts, the energy in light is obtained by the electrons of semiconductor devices, thus generating electric energy. This kind of energy converter that converts light energy into electric energy is a solar cell. Solar cells, like transistors, are made of semiconductors. Its main material is silicon, and there are some other alloys. High-purity silicon used to make solar cells needs special purification treatment. As long as the solar cell is irradiated by sunlight or light, it can convert light energy into electric energy, so that the current flows from one side to the other, and generally it can generate electric energy equivalent to 10~20% of the received light energy. Generally speaking, the stronger the light, the more power is generated. In order to minimize the light reflection of solar panels and convert light energy into electric energy, a film that can prevent light reflection is usually covered to make the surface of solar panels purple. Its working principle is based on the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor PN junction. The so-called photovoltaic effect is the effect that when an object is illuminated, the charge distribution in the object changes, resulting in electromotive force and current. When sunlight or other light irradiates the semiconductor PN junction, a voltage (called photovoltaic voltage) will appear on both sides of the PN junction. This phenomenon is the famous photovoltaic effect. If the PN junction is short-circuited, a current will be generated.

The main advantages of solar power generation are: solar cells can be installed in unused spaces such as roofs, without noise, with long service life, and once installed, almost no adjustment is needed. Now, as long as solar cells are installed on the roof, we can achieve self-sufficiency in household electricity. Nowadays, the main use of solar energy is no longer small-scale, but specialized in nature. It has played an important role in military field, communication field and urban construction field. Venezuela has also introduced cheap solar cars, and European scientists have developed lightweight solar cells that can be worn on the body. The utilization of solar energy has a huge development space, and related technologies may achieve a breakthrough in a short time. Many developed countries have regarded it as an important part of energy strategy.