How to connect the connector of home improvement line?

The electrician's skill is very simple, so I will make a mountain out of a molehill if I show it. I also watched yesterday's TV program, saying that there is a beautiful building 300 meters high in a country. The police initially thought it was caused by a short circuit or a wire strike. I know this, how the line strikes, why it is short-circuited, and his standard practice. Please correct me if my peers think it is inappropriate. I will make some pictures here, please have a look. There is a secondary ceiling at the top, so I will take him as an example to talk about the wiring method at the top and post relevant pictures: remind everyone that each wire must be protected by a string tube, and the end of the downlight should be protected by a snakeskin tube, because it needs to be bent and displaced. Post related pictures: 3 The common wire connectors are connected in this way, which can ensure that the wire connectors do not have the phenomena of sparking, short circuit and poor contact. This is a construction specification that every electrician should do. Post relevant pictures: 4 This is the second method, which is also stipulated in the construction specification. That's what I always do. For many years, I will tell you in detail that the feeder lines are all connected in this way, and the main line cannot be cut off. The phenomenon of electric wire sparking, short circuit and poor contact is very serious, and it is very simple to deal with it. Sparking and short-circuiting of wires are caused by the lack of correct connectors. When the connector is loose, ions will be generated when high load current passes. Ions repel each other much like welding sparks, and the temperature also rises. Soon, if they can stick, they will be charged, but if they can't, they will form a short circuit. Post related pictures: 5 If the connector is used now, the wire should be wrapped with fireproof tape. Its function is to prevent electric fire from damaging things, which is very important in the ceiling, especially now many ceiling materials use wooden keel, which is even more essential. I used it at work. Post related pictures: 6 The end of each wire should be treated in this way, which can effectively avoid the danger of electric shock, and also see whether the workers' workmanship is professional from the nuances. Post related pictures: 7 wire failures such as ignition, short circuit and poor contact. Not only in the connector, but also in the junction box. There are many phenomena that there is no problem with the water and electricity in the new house, and the problem comes after renovation. Let's talk about the wiring of the wire box. In fact, seeing chaos is regular. Red is the fire line, the basket is the zero line, the flower is the ground line, and the cap is disposable. Some workers can simply use tape to deal with the wires after they are disassembled, which is not correct. Post related pictures: 8 This is the way to deal with the connectors in the upper-level box. Post related pictures: 9 This is the connection when the line has an external power supply. This is the usual connection method of wire connector, which can ensure that the wire connector does not ignite, short circuit or have poor contact. This is the connection of the branch line. The main line cannot be cut off, and the attached line is wound around the main line for 6-8 times. Post related pictures: 10 So everyone should pay attention to the importance of grounding wire, and don't forget the grounding wire when unplugging the socket. Post related pictures: 1 1 When there are wires, short circuits and live bushings in electrical equipment, the ground wire can transmit power, input it into the earth and spread it out, so as to protect the safety of people and machines. Here, its biggest function is to conduct electricity. Related pictures of the post: 12 included as an electrician; After the completion of high voltage, low voltage and electrician, there must be high voltage layout, low voltage layout, project cost list and warranty certificate; The following is the transformation map of Qiangdian. Post related pictures: 13 Speaking of the second step of home improvement electrician, let's talk about the third step of home improvement electrician. The third step; The comprehensive arrangement of the existing high and low voltage switch sockets is of course the process of going through the wall in your design drawings. Here is a rule to explain whether there is any conflict between high pressure and low pressure. 1. Weak current and strong current can be in the conduit, but not in the conduit. 2 .. The distance between the strong current and weak current sockets should be at least 30cm. 3. The beauty of the catheter lies not in the horizontal and vertical, but in the shortest distance and the least bending, which is scientific, economical and reasonable. Nowadays, many people who do floor heating try to be close to the wall when wiring underground. Because the heat of floor heating will accelerate the aging of wires. You can play chalk lines on the wall below. Here, it is suggested that you play the ink line traces of weak current and strong current first, but when slotting, you should use strong current before proceeding step by step, so as not to be confused. If there is space in the conduit in the wall, it is best to use it. Every meter of opening risks damaging the catheter. So when I do a project, I always want to find the drawings provided by the property management company, so that I won't cut the original water pipe when I cut the groove in the future. Post related pictures: 14 Next, I will tell you about the fourth, fifth and fourth steps of household electricity reform; Slotting is the best job, just be careful not to cut the conduit on the wall. The fifth step; Buried pipes and wiring. There are several rules for this step; 1, the depth of trunking is conduit diameter+1cm, plastering layer is sufficient, 2, conduit should be made first, then wires should be connected, 3, there should be no connectors in the conduit, 4, all wires should not be confused, (all switches are control live wires, (220V), neutral wires (0V) and ground wires, 3, nuts should be tightened. Wiring starts with buried pipes. First, cut the pipe and clamp the elbow at the corner with the clamp spring. Elbows are generally not needed. Related pictures are posted on the bottom box: The following is the first connection. Note: there can be no connectors in home decoration, especially in the wire tube. If there are connectors, they should be in the junction box. The usual wire joints are connected in this way, so as to ensure that the wire joints do not appear the phenomenon of sparking, short circuit and poor contact. The following is the second connection method (fire tape isolation method), which is mostly used for hanging objects or relatively high-energy projects. The main line cannot be broken. The operator line is wound around the main line for 6-8 weeks, and the spotlights in the ceiling should be connected in this way along the way. Fire-proof tape is wrapped inside. Its function is to prevent electric shock from damaging things, which is very important in the ceiling. It's covered with insulating tape. The following is the third connection method, that is, the line pressing tap method. This method is the most standard and practical, but it needs special tools. The thread pressing pliers for thread pressing and tapping are used for thread pressing. Just put the special pliers for line pressing on the line pressing and press hard. In addition, according to the size of the wire to be pressed, the size of the wire crimping tap is related to the number of wires. We usually use T4, with a diameter of millimeters, which can press four wires of four square millimeters. We have seen many wire accidents, some of which are caused by overload use of wires, and the other part is caused by loose wire joints. The connector in the junction box does not meet the specifications. When the wire is unloaded, nothing will happen. As long as the switch is pressed, it will trip, and the wire junction box will "snap" a few times, and then there will be a trip sound. This phenomenon is due to irregular wire joints and poor voltage contact under load. About live wire, neutral wire and ground wire In order to make alternating current have convenient power conversion function, power transmission usually adopts the form of three-phase and four-wire. The three heads of three-phase electricity are called phase lines, and the three tails of three-phase electricity are called zero line together, which is also called "zero line". The reason why it is called neutral line is that at the moment of three-phase balance, there is no current flowing through the neutral line, and then it is directly or indirectly connected to the earth, and the voltage with the earth is close to zero. Grounding wire is a line that connects the equipment or electrical appliance shell with the earth reliably, and it is a good scheme to prevent electric shock accidents. Generally, three colors of red, yellow and blue are used to represent three live wires in a three-phase circuit, and black is used to represent the zero line. In a single-phase lighting circuit, generally yellow means live wire, blue means zero wire, and yellow and green means ground wire. In some places, red indicates the fire line, black indicates the zero line, and yellow and green indicates the ground line. Can the ground wire and the zero wire be connected together? This connection is not secure, so it is not allowed. The neutral line is grounded at the transformer end. Because the zero line from the transformer to the user has a certain resistance, the voltage between the zero line of the user and the earth is often not zero. If there is no grounding wire, the electrical appliance fails, the neutral wire or live wire is connected to the metal shell of the electrical appliance, and the voltage between the electrical appliance and the earth is not zero, which is unsafe. At this time, if the zero line is broken, it is very dangerous. The ground wire is the line that the user grounded nearby. Under normal circumstances, the voltage to ground is zero. A good grounding wire is connected to the metal shell of the electrical appliance. When the electrical appliance fails, the voltage between the shell and the ground can be guaranteed to be zero, which plays a safe role. The zero line and the ground line are connected into a line. If this line is disconnected, the switch of the electrical appliance will be closed, and even normal electrical appliances will be charged, which is very dangerous. Therefore, when using electricity, in addition to the live wire and neutral wire, the electrical appliances with metal shell should be grounded to ensure safety. In practical application, I will give you three wires, one is the live wire, the other is the zero wire, and the other is the ground wire, if the three wires are the same color! How can you tell the difference? 1, phase line l (charged) color must be red, yellow, green; Neutral n (neutral) colors must be black and blue; The colors of PE (Protect the Earth) should be yellow and green. 2. Can the clamp ammeter measure the fire line with an electric pen? The current of the phase wire (live wire) and the neutral wire is the same, and there is no current in the ground wire under normal conditions. 3. Current flows through the neutral line; The ground wire is used for protection, and there is no current during normal operation, only when there is short circuit and leakage. It is required that the grounding resistance is very small, and the equipment end is generally protected by the shell. Measure the fire line with an electric pen, and place the test lamp (with bulb) on one of the fire line and the other two lines. If the light is on, it means zero line. Whether the light is on or not. It means ground wire. When the ground wire is not grounded, the lamp test method is effective. If the ground wire is connected to the earth, no matter which wire is connected, the light will be on. When there is electricity, it should not be difficult to find the live wire, but it is difficult to distinguish the zero line from the ground wire. Theoretically, the voltage between live wire and neutral wire is about 220 volts, and the voltage between live wire and ground wire is about 190 volts. If you connect an energy-saving lamp, you should be able to see the brightness The bright nature is the zero line, for reference only. The difference between live wire and neutral wire is that they are charged. If the two-phase power supply is connected with electrical appliances, it will generally feel that the live wire is charged, because if people touch the live wire (including some indirect contact), part of the current will pass through the human body, just like a water pipe, and a faucet will be separated from the middle. The neutral line is not charged because the other end of the power supply (neutral line) is grounded. When we touch the neutral line on the ground, there will be no current because there is no potential difference. So there is a feeling that the zero line is not charged. The neutral wire and the live wire originally came from the power supply, and the positive direction of the current came out from one, passed through the external equipment, and came out from the other end to form a loop. The difference between neutral wire and live wire is that one of the two terminals of the power supply is grounded. The difference between the zero line and the ground line is 1. Zero line and ground line are different concepts, not the same thing. 2. The grounding potential of the grounding wire is zero. The nearest point of the electrical appliance used is grounded. 3. The ground potential of the neutral line is not necessarily zero. The nearest grounding point of the neutral line is at the substation or power supply transformer. 4. The zero line is sometimes shocking. What time? When your electric stove is not hot, don't think it is dead and won't shock people. No! There may be the possibility that the N line is disconnected at a place far away from your appliance. If you measure with a voltmeter, you will find that the LN line of the electrical appliance is the voltage of the mains! 5. The ground wire will not shock people, unless it is a very bad situation, the designer doesn't understand, or the product is made casually. 6. If there is a neutral wire and a ground wire in your circuit, you will find a high withstand voltage capacitor in it. Why can't the neutral grounding be shorted? When the ground is short-circuited, if the live wire and the neutral wire are connected reversely, the whole cabinet will be connected to the live wire and will be charged. Why can't the live line and the zero line be reversed? In the internal design of electrical appliances, the circuits of neutral wire and ground wire will be different, for example, the live wire will be fused. Some Cisco devices are reverse, so they can't be started. Fire line is a common name for phase line. . Commercial power: refers to household single-phase alternating current with effective voltage of 220V V, and three-phase power: refers to industrial power, with phase-to-phase voltage of 380V V, but phase-to-ground voltage of 220V.. Grounding wire: In order to protect personal safety, all household appliances with metal shell must be grounded, and the obvious sign of grounding wire is yellow-green (half yellow and half green). It is absolutely not allowed to use grounding wire and neutral wire together, because if the fuse of neutral wire is broken, the shell of household appliances will bring 220V mains voltage, causing personal injury accidents. The grounding wire is not allowed to be suspended, and it must be well grounded. Usually, the grounding resistance is less than 4 ohms. We use a multimeter to test: 1. In the case of power failure, the resistance of grounding wire and neutral wire should be infinite. If the resistance is 0, it means that the ground wire and the zero wire are connected in parallel. 2. When the electrical appliance is not connected to the power supply, the resistance of the grounding plug and bushing of the power cord should be zero, otherwise the contact is poor. Neutral wire: usually grounded at the power supply transformer and at the incoming wire of the residential unit. When the neutral line is intact, there is no voltage between the neutral line and the earth. Live wire: that is, any phase of three-phase dynamic electricity, its voltage relative to neutral wire and ground wire is 220V, and the voltage between any two phases is 380V V. Under normal circumstances, the current flowing through live wire and neutral wire at the same time is equal. The live wire and the neutral wire have the same diameter. Color requirements: the fire line is red, green and yellow, the zero line is light blue, and the grounding line is yellow and green. Fire wire (English) L is generally red or yellow or green neutral wire (English) N (neutral wire) is generally blue grounding wire (English) E is generally yellow-green (colored wire) or black light switch should be connected to the fire wire to avoid electric shock when changing light bulbs. Socket connection: left zero line; Right fire line; Intermediate ground wire; It is very simple to adapt to the high requirements of electrical appliances and electrician technology. I want to make a mountain out of a molehill. I also watched yesterday's TV program, saying that there is a beautiful building 300 meters high in a country. The police initially thought that it was caused by a short circuit or a spark. I know this, the way and reason of wire short circuit, and tell you his standard practice. Please correct me if my peers think it is inappropriate. I will make some pictures here, please have a look. There is a secondary ceiling at the top, so I will take him as an example to talk about the wiring method at the top and post relevant pictures: remind everyone that each wire must be protected by a string tube, and the end of the downlight should be protected by a snakeskin tube, because it needs to be bent and displaced. Post related pictures: 3 Normally, the wire joints are connected in this way, which can ensure that the wire joints do not have the phenomena of ignition, short circuit and poor contact. This is a construction specification that every electrician should do. Post relevant pictures: 4 This is the second method, which is also stipulated in the construction specification. That's what I always do. For many years, I will tell you in detail that the feeder lines are all connected in this way, and the main line cannot be cut off. The phenomenon of electric wire sparking, short circuit and poor contact is very serious, and it is very simple to deal with it. Sparking and short-circuiting of wires are caused by the lack of correct connectors. When the connector is loose, ions will be generated when high load current passes. Ions repel each other much like welding sparks, and the temperature also rises. Soon, if they can stick, they will be charged, but if they can't, they will form a short circuit. Post related pictures: 5 If the connector is used now, the wire should be wrapped with fireproof tape. Its function is to prevent electric fire from damaging things, which is very important in the ceiling, especially now many ceiling materials use wooden keel, which is even more essential. I used it at work. Post related pictures: 6 The end of each wire should be treated in this way, which can effectively avoid the danger of electric shock, and also see whether the workers' workmanship is professional from the nuances. Post related pictures: 7 wire faults such as ignition, short circuit and poor contact. Not only in the connector, but also in the junction box. There are many phenomena that there is no problem with the water and electricity in the new house, and the problem comes after renovation. Let's talk about the wiring of the wire box. In fact, seeing chaos is regular. Red is the fire line, the basket is the zero line, the flower is the ground line, and the cap is disposable. Some workers can simply use tape to deal with the wires after they are disassembled, which is not correct. Post related pictures: 8 This is the way to deal with the connectors in the upper-level box. Post related pictures: 9 This is the connection when the line has an external power supply. This is the usual connection method of wire connector, which can ensure that the wire connector does not ignite, short circuit or contact badly. This is the connection of the branch line. The main line cannot be cut off, and the attached line is wound around the main line for 6-8 times. Post related pictures: 10 source is passed down, input to the earth and then spread out, to protect the safety of people and machines, its biggest role here is to lead.