Briefly describe how to escape in case of fire and matters needing attention.

Fire is a common disaster in human life. It not only endangers our life safety, but also endangers our work and production. So, do you know how to escape in case of fire? The following are the escape methods and precautions in case of fire compiled by Zhishi Bian Xiao for your reference.

Escape method in case of fire 1, low-rise jumping method

If you are trapped on the second floor of a building, you can take other self-help methods unconditionally or you can't get help in a short time. You can also jump off a building to escape under the threat of fireworks. But before jumping off a building, you should throw some soft items such as quilts, pillows, mattresses and coats on the ground so that? Soft landing? . Then scrape the windowsill with your hands, droop your head and feet, and slide down naturally, so as to reduce the jumping height and let your feet land on soft objects first. If you are trapped in a building more than three floors by fireworks, don't jump off the building in a hurry (jumping off the ground is too high, which may cause serious injury or death). Don't risk jumping off a building whenever you have the chance.

2. Evacuation method of passage

When there is a fire in a building, the most convenient and safe passages and evacuation facilities should be selected first according to the fire situation, such as evacuation stairs, fire elevators, outdoor evacuation stairs, etc. When escaping from the smoky building passage, you can wrap your body with wet clothes, wet sheets, wet blankets, etc. , and walk or crawl through the dangerous area. If there is no other life-saving equipment, you can consider using balconies, platforms, eaves, trees, roofs, lightning wires and downspouts of adjacent buildings to escape.

3, rope sliding method

When all passages are blocked by smoke and fire, you can use strong ropes or tear curtains, sheets and bedding into strips, twist them into ropes, soak them in water, and then tie them to solid heating pipes, window frames and bedsteads, so that the trapped people can slowly slide to the ground along the walls one by one along the ropes or go down to the next floor to escape danger.

4, familiar with environmental law

Is to understand and be familiar with the fire safety environment of buildings. For buildings that often work or live, detailed fire escape plans can be made in advance, and escape training and field drills can be carried out. All staff and family members should be familiar with and master the identified escape exits, routes and methods. In public gathering places, escape exits and routes should be drawn into a safe evacuation map, and posted in a prominent position for everyone to be familiar with at ordinary times. In case of fire, escape from the fire according to the escape and evacuation plan. When we go out into shopping malls, hotels, theaters, dance halls and other public places, we should pay attention to the safety exits, the location of fire extinguishers and the schematic diagram of fire exits, so as to evacuate and extinguish the fire in time in case of fire. For example, on the night of April 1985 and 18, a fire broke out in Harbin Swan Hotel. A Japanese guest lives on the burning floor. When he checked into the guest room on the 1 1 floor on June 8, he first observed the surrounding environment at the door and learned the location and surrounding conditions of the evacuation exit. When you realize the fire at night, go through the smoky corridor and go straight to the evacuation passage to escape. This is the advantage that Japanese guests are familiar with the surrounding environment.

5. Rapid evacuation method

Escape from the fire is a race against time. When you hear a fire alarm or realize that you are surrounded by fireworks, don't hesitate to find ways to get out of danger immediately, and don't covet property and delay the opportunity to escape. In real life, some people fled the danger and returned to the fire in order to save their property, resulting in the tragedy of being killed in the fire. Generally speaking, at the beginning of a fire, there is little smoke and fire. As long as you evacuate quickly, you can escape safely.

6, towel protection law

When the content of carbon monoxide produced by fire reaches 1.28% in the air, it can cause people to be in 1? Choked to death in three minutes. At the same time, the hot air produced by combustion will be inhaled by people, which will seriously burn the soft tissue of the respiratory system and lead to suffocation and death. Many fire victims were suffocated by poisonous and harmful gases. Most evacuees have to go through the stairwell in the smoke-filled corridor to leave the dangerous area. When you run away, you can soak the towel and fold it to cover your nose and mouth. When there is no water, you can also dry the towel. There is no towel around, and napkins, masks, hats and clothes can also be substituted. (After the experiment, 8 layers of wet towels were placed in 3? It can filter out 60% of carbon monoxide gas in 5 minutes) When crossing the smoke area, even if you feel difficult to breathe, you can't take the towel away from your nose and mouth, otherwise it will be dangerous.

7. Temporary asylum law

When there is no way to escape, we should actively seek temporary shelter, actively strive for time and create escape opportunities. In buildings with shelters, shelters can be used to avoid the harm of fireworks. If you are in a building without shelter, the trapped people should create a shelter to fight the fire and survive. The method is: close the doors and windows of the room near the fire, turn off the central air conditioner, and open the doors and windows on the back of the fire (but don't break the glass, and close the windows quickly when smoke comes in). If smoke seeps into gaps or other holes in doors and windows, cover or hang incombustible and flame-retardant articles such as wet quilts, wet blankets and wet sacks with towels and sheets, and continuously sprinkle water on doors and windows and bunkers facing the fire, and finally get wet with all combustible materials indoors until the fire is put out. In addition, when you are trapped, you should take the initiative to contact the outside world (you should also pay attention to the application of fire separation such as fire doors and fire shutter doors, start the ventilation and smoke exhaust system, and create a living environment). If there is a phone or mobile phone in the room, call the police in time. If there is no such communication equipment, colorful and eye-catching flags or clothes can be used to shake for help during the day. At night, you can shake the lit lighter and turn on the flashlight. And call the police for rescue until the fire brigade comes to save you or choose an opportunity to escape according to the fire.

8, sign guide method

On the walls and doors of public places? Fire escape? 、? Emergency exit? 、? Safe passage? Fire signs and emergency lighting, such as fire telephone, escape direction arrow, emergency lighting, etc. When the trapped people see these signs, they can immediately determine their behavior and evacuate in an orderly manner according to the directions indicated by the signs.

Precautions for fire escape ① You should have a strong sense of fire control at ordinary times. When entering a strange place, first of all, we should know the location of safety exits, evacuation passages and stairwells, whether they are closed or locked, and check the location of various fire fighting and refuge appliances such as fire hydrants.

(2) Keep calm in case of fire, quickly judge the dangerous place and safe place, and evacuate as soon as possible.

(3) don't rush out when you escape, and don't hold on to property. If you must pass through the fire area, try to wrap your body with soaked clothes, cover your nose and mouth and stay close to the ground.

(4) If your body is on fire, don't run. You can roll around and crush the flames on your body, or jump into the nearest pool, water tank, river, etc. Or cover the flame with heavy clothes.

(5) If you are upstairs, it is generally downward rather than upward to find an escape route. After entering the stairwell, make sure there is no fire downstairs, and then escape downward. Never run upward. If the staircase or doorway is blocked by fire and the floor is not high, you can use cloth, sheets, carpets, curtains, etc. as ropes. They can slide down from windows, balconies, sewers and so on. To escape. If the building is high and other exits are blocked, you should retreat indoors, close the doors and windows leading to the fire area, and conditionally block the doors and windows in the direction of the fire area with wet cloth and towels. And constantly wet it with water, and call for help near the doors and windows that are not on fire. You can use flashlights and white cloth to send out distress signals at night. Never take the elevator or jump off a building.

Be more calm when encountering disasters in underground shopping malls.

Now there are more and more underground shopping malls, so you must be more careful when shopping. If there is a fire while shopping in the mall, there are also special escape methods.

Because the underground shopping mall has few and narrow passages, the surrounding is closed, and the air convection is poor, the mood of escape is often more urgent, and the usual calm is often lost, so that the location of fire exits or safety exits is not known, and the evacuation direction is not clear. As a result, people are in a hurry, regardless of the consequences, leading to the loss of favorable escape opportunities. Therefore, it is recommended to keep calm first and not to panic.

Timely and accurate methods of fire alarm First of all, you must remember and dial the fire alarm telephone number accurately. The fire alarm telephone is a special kind of emergency telephone. What's the number? 1 19? National unity. When there is a fire, people are very nervous, and their fingers often don't listen to the command, so it is easy to dial the wrong number. So when you call the police, you must keep calm and keep a clear head.

Second, speak clearly. This requirement doesn't seem high at ordinary times, but it's not so easy to make a fire alarm call. Speak slowly when calling the police to make sure that the receiver can hear you clearly.

Third, the details of the fire need to be explained. When you hear the other person answer yes? Fire brigade? First report the fire unit and address, and then report the name of the fire substance, the fire area and the fire situation. If someone is trapped in the fire or there are dangerous factors such as explosion and poisoning, they should report truthfully and accurately. In this way, the fire brigade can mobilize the corresponding fire-fighting vehicles and carry relevant equipment according to different fire situations, and put them into fire fighting in time and effectively. Thirdly, tell the other party the phone number and the name of the alarm person, so as to contact at any time.

Fourth, after the phone call, send someone to meet the fire truck at the main intersection near the fire site to lead the way.

Finally, it should be noted that some people don't understand the situation and think that there is a charge for fire fighting, so they dare not call the police. The public security fire brigade does not charge for fire fighting. If you find a fire, please call the police immediately. In addition, you can't make random phone calls, and you can't lie about fire alarm calls, otherwise you will be detained or fined.

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