What kind of fires usually occur in residential areas?

There are four kinds of common fire hazards in residential areas, namely, the dead-pulling and disorderly connection of lines, the installation of security window in windows at home, the low intact rate of fire-fighting facilities in high-rise residential buildings, and the serious blockage of fire exits.

Common causes of fires in residential areas are as follows:

The popularity of household appliances in residential buildings has increased the fire load due to the decoration of flammable materials.

Household appliances are dazzling and colorful, which brings infinite happiness to people. At the same time, unauthorized connection of temporary lines, poor contact, leakage or overload, poor installation of electrical equipment, insulation damage caused by fault or overload operation, short circuit fire, long-term lack of maintenance of electrical line equipment, aging and overheating and fire; Because the family is a warm place, many residents have racked their brains to use flammable and combustible materials in the decoration of their homes, which not only reduces the fire resistance limit of the houses, but also provides conditions for the fire to spread.

Residents' awareness of fire prevention is weak, which is easy to cause fire.

Most residents are aware of the danger of fire, but they are really lucky to know that they are guilty. Sometimes, we only pay attention to residential security and neglect fire prevention, and pay attention to practicality and neglect fire prevention. For example, we use the balcony as a sundries warehouse, the corridor as a parking place for battery cars, park private cars in the fire escape, leave the kitchen when boiling water and stews, and leave the electrical power on when going out. Small loopholes in residents' ideological defense lines often lead to fires.

The fire safety management of residential property is not in place.

Although national laws and regulations stipulate the fire safety management responsibilities of the property department, in practice, these responsibilities are far from being implemented, and there are three main problems:

First, the responsibility is unclear. Many property management companies are not very clear about the fire management responsibilities of residential property management companies stipulated in the 6 1 order of the Ministry of Public Security, and they know little about their own fire management responsibilities. They don't ask about the fire-fighting facilities in residential areas, but they don't know the corresponding fire-fighting obligations.

Second, the system is incomplete. Some properties have not formulated the daily fire inspection and patrol system, fire facilities maintenance system, fire training and drills system, etc. Some properties are not implemented even if they have relevant systems, and their daily work is a mere formality. Some real estate developers and properties are out of touch with construction and use, and construction and management. It is common for property companies to be unclear, unable to use and unable to manage fire-fighting facilities in residential areas. Staff training of residential property management company is not in place. The staff are either temporarily formed or recruited at will and take up their posts without training. Technology and professionalism are not strong, and fire protection knowledge is generally lacking. Professional fire control work is incompetent, and it is difficult to be a good housekeeper.

The third is poor management. The residential property management department has not implemented the management measures of fire control facilities. Some high-rise residential areas have no fire-fighting climbing surface or the fire-fighting climbing surface does not meet the operation requirements of fire-fighting climbing vehicles, and even some residential property management departments designate the fire-fighting climbing surface as the owner's parking space; The fire-fighting facilities in some communities are not perfect, the necessary fire-fighting facilities such as fire hydrants are not maintained all the year round, and the fire hydrants are aging, rusty, stolen, damaged, water supply stopped, pressure stopped and buried, which makes them unusable; Some communities lack necessary fire safety passage signs and indicating signs, and property management departments add or set iron gates or railings at entrances and exits at will, and cement piers and other obstacles are set in fire lanes, which affects the passage of fire engines; Vehicles are parked in disorder, fire exits are occupied by private cars, fire hydrants are blocked by parked vehicles, fire engines will not be able to enter, water will not be taken in time to put out the fire, and the rescue work of fire officers and soldiers will be delayed.

Emergency treatment measures of residential building fire in residential area

1.？ When a fire breaks out in a residential building, you should call the police in time. Don't panic when you call the fire alarm. You should clearly state your name, the detailed address of the fire, the fire situation, what is on fire, the size of the fire, whether anyone is trapped, whether there are explosive dangerous goods, etc. If there are other people present, and the residential area is remote, it is best to send someone to pick up the fire truck at a nearby intersection. At the same time, you should also shout loudly, or knock with something that can make a lot of noise, such as a washbasin, to remind your neighbors of the danger and come and help put out the fire.

2.？ If the fire does not start well, measures should be taken quickly to try to put out the initial fire as soon as possible. If it can't be put out, we should try our best to delay the spread of the fire to save ourselves.

3.？ If your doors and windows are surrounded by fireworks and there is no other passage, don't walk upright. It is best to crawl. Please cover your mouth with a wet towel before you escape until you evacuate to a safe place.

4.？ In the process of escape, don't crowd, keep the evacuation passage unblocked, take good care of vulnerable groups such as the elderly and children, prevent crowding, congestion and trampling, and minimize casualties.

5.？ When there is a fire in your neighbor's house, you should close your own doors and windows and spray water to cool down to prevent the fire from spreading.

6.？ When the building is on fire and people are trapped, sheets, curtains or ropes can be tied into ropes. After fastening, grab the rope and slide to safety.

7.？ When there is no way to escape, you should actively look for temporary shelters to protect yourself, wait for the opportunity to escape, or wait for firefighters to come to the rescue.

8.？ Pay attention to the fire extinguishing process. When your clothes catch fire, roll on the ground quickly until the flame is completely extinguished. We should keep in mind the principle of "save people first, then save things", do everything possible to rescue people trapped in the fire first, and at the same time evacuate the old, the weak, the sick and the disabled and children first, so as not to delay time and cause great disasters.

How do residents prevent fires every day?

In view of the hidden dangers and problems, the fire department reminds everyone to take precautions:

1. At the peak of electricity consumption in summer, the electrical lines in residential quarters should be inspected regularly, and those damaged by aging should be repaired and replaced in time;

Two, construction, transformation should pay attention to, people's life should also pay attention to, there is a problem must inform the property department or community neighborhood committee:

Third, in dusty places, always clean the lines and insulation boards to avoid the accumulation of oil pollution;

Fourth, don't connect wires indiscriminately. When installing electrical appliances, choose them reasonably according to the load of electrical equipment;

5. Choose a suitable fuse at home, don't adjust the fuse at will, and don't replace the fuse with aluminum wire and copper wire.

Six, before the electrical fire, there are specific precursors, which should be paid special attention to. The wire will first scorch the insulation sheath because of overheating, giving off an unpleasant smell of burning rubber and plastic. When you smell this smell, you should first think that it may be caused by electrical wiring. If no other reason can be found, turn off the power immediately until the reason is found out and properly handled.

Seven, the home can be equipped with fire extinguishers, escape ropes, escape masks and other convenient fire-fighting and self-help tools, which can be disposed of in time in case of fire, reduce smoke inhalation and quickly escape from the sea of fire.

Specific countermeasures of fire safety management in residential quarters

(1) Strictly control the quality of fire protection design review and acceptance.

In the process of fire protection design audit, according to the requirements of the national fire protection technical specification, the mandatory provisions in the national fire protection technical specification must be strictly implemented. The construction quality of building engineering is the key link to ensure the fire safety of building engineering. It is necessary to strengthen the supervision and inspection of the construction quality of construction projects and earnestly carry out the supervision and inspection of the construction quality of construction projects. By consulting construction records, supervision records, inspection reports and other related materials, combined with field inspection, check whether the construction unit has carried out the construction according to the fire protection design documents that have passed the fire protection design audit, especially whether the design changes and expert review contents have implemented the fire protection design audit opinions and met the requirements of the national fire protection technical specifications;

Standardize the working procedures for on-site judgment of fire protection product quality, and conduct spot checks on fire protection products selected for construction projects. First, verify whether the fire-fighting products used on site are consistent with the product specifications and models. Second, the quality of fire protection products is judged on the spot. The third is to conduct on-site inspection on the construction quality of products that need on-site construction, such as fire-retardant coatings and fire-retardant plugging materials. At the time of acceptance, the construction drawings and fire protection design documents shall be inspected and accepted. Those who do not conform to the original fire protection design documents and change the fire protection design without applying for fire protection design audit shall not pass the fire protection acceptance.

(two) to strengthen the ability of property service enterprises to rectify fire hazards.

The realty service enterprise shall establish the post responsibility system for fire control step by step, with corresponding post responsibilities for fire control safety from leaders to employees, clarify the responsibilities at all levels, establish an all-round supervision system, and establish and improve the fire control safety system and safe operation system. The realty service enterprise shall regularly organize fire safety inspection, focusing on whether residents arbitrarily change fire doors, block fire exits, stairwells and walkways, pile up sundries, check whether the road and greening transformation process affect fire lanes, and whether residents occupy fire lanes when parking their vehicles. It is necessary to strengthen the daily inspection of key fire-fighting parts and key fire-fighting facilities in residential areas, and it is strictly forbidden to misappropriate or damage fire-fighting facilities without authorization, and immediately eliminate hidden dangers. Patrol every corner of the community regularly every day, especially strengthen the fire patrol of the stairs and passages in the residential community to ensure the smooth passage of the citizens and eliminate the discovered fire hazards in time. If the fire hazards existing in residents cannot be eliminated in time or are ineffective after dissuasion, they should be reported to relevant functional departments in time to prevent the remaining fire hazards.

(3) Effectively implement grid management of fire safety.

Further promote the grid management of fire safety, guide township street comprehensive management offices, safety supervision stations and police stations to perform their daily supervision and inspection duties, strengthen the fire safety inspection of residential buildings, communities and group rental houses, organize patrol members, community security, property management personnel and electricians to carry out daily fire inspection, and focus on investigating outstanding problems such as damage and loss of fire protection facilities in residential buildings, blockage of evacuation passages, stacking of debris on stairs and walkways, unauthorized connection of electrical lines, illegal storage and charging of electric bicycles, etc.

(4) Strengthen the legal concept and fire safety awareness of residents in residential areas by relying on fire propaganda.

In the fire administrative law enforcement work, we should pay attention to strengthening the publicity and education of fire legal system and fire escape and self-help education, so that more people can understand fire laws and regulations and fire safety knowledge. Make full use of publicity positions such as community activity rooms, community bulletin boards, cultural windows, etc., vigorously carry out community fire prevention publicity, widely publicize fire prevention laws and regulations, popularize knowledge of fire prevention, fire fighting and self-help and escape, and focus on carrying out targeted fire safety education and training for special groups such as women, children and the elderly in the community to drive families and the whole society.

When the air stops, it is spring, and the weather is dry. I would like to remind the general public to pay attention to safety when using fire and electricity, especially when using electricity. Some high-power electrical appliances such as air conditioners must be turned off in time after use. This season is also a period of high incidence of electrical fires. Citizens and friends must do a good job in fire prevention.