How to use public relations to solve emergencies

First of all, in order to prevent and reduce accidents, control, reduce and eliminate the serious social harm caused by emergencies, standardize emergency response activities, protect the safety of people's lives and property, and safeguard national security, public security, environmental security and social order.

This Law shall apply to the prevention and emergency preparedness, monitoring and early warning, emergency response and rescue, and post-recovery and reconstruction response activities of secondary events.

The term "incident" as mentioned in Article 3 refers to natural disasters, accidents, public health emergencies and social security incidents that are sudden, cause or may cause serious social harm and require emergency measures.

According to the degree of social harm and influencing factors, such as natural disasters, accidents, public health emergencies, etc., it is divided into four levels: particularly significant, significant, large and general. Where laws, administrative regulations or the State Council have other provisions, those provisions shall prevail.

The the State Council or the department shall formulate the grading standards urgently.

The state establishes an emergency management system of unified leadership, overall coordination, classified management, graded responsibility and territorial management.

This article implements the principle of putting prevention first and combining emergency prevention in emergency work. The state establishes a risk assessment of major emergencies, comprehensively evaluates possible emergencies, reduces the occurrence of major emergencies, and minimizes the impact of major emergencies.

The state should establish an effective social mobilization mechanism to enhance people's safety and risk prevention capabilities, as well as the public's ability to avoid risks and help the whole society.

Article 7 The people's governments at the county level shall be responsible for the emergency response within their respective administrative areas. If more than two administrative areas are involved, the relevant administrative areas shall be jointly responsible by the people's governments at the next higher level or the people's governments of their respective administrative areas.

After the incident, the people's government at the county level shall immediately take measures to control the development of the situation, organize emergency rescue and disposal, and immediately report to the people's government, if necessary.

If the people's government at the county level where the incident occurred cannot eliminate or effectively control the incident, causing serious social harm, it shall report to the people's government at a higher level in time. The people's governments at higher levels shall take timely measures to conduct unified leadership over the handling of emergencies.

Where laws and administrative regulations stipulate that the relevant departments of the State Council are responsible for handling emergencies, such provisions shall prevail; The local people's government shall cooperate and provide necessary support.

Article 8 Under the leadership of Premier the State Council, especially when making major decisions and deploying emergency work, according to actual needs, the National emergency headquarters will be established to take charge of emergency work, and the State Council can send a working group to guide the work when necessary.

The people's governments at or above the county level shall set up the principal responsible persons of local people's governments at all levels, the heads of relevant departments, the local People's Liberation Army and the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, formally set up the people's governments at all levels and government departments to carry out emergency response command institutions, unified leadership and coordination, and set up relevant emergency command institutions according to actual needs to organize, coordinate, command and respond to emergencies.

The relevant departments of the people's governments at higher levels are responsible for, guiding and assisting the people's governments at lower levels and their subordinate departments to deal with emergencies in this field.

Article 9 the State Council and local people's governments at all levels are the administrative leading organs for emergency response at or above the county level, and the specific responsibilities of their offices shall be stipulated by the State Council.

Article 10 Decisions and orders made by people's governments and departments in response to emergencies shall be published in a timely manner.

1 1 The measures taken by the government and departments to deal with emergencies should be commensurate with the nature, degree and scope of social harm that may be caused by emergencies, and there are many measures to choose from. It should be a choice to protect the interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations to the greatest extent.

Responsibility of citizens, legal persons and other organizations to participate in emergency response.

Article 12 The people's government and its departments may requisition the property of units and individuals in order to deal with emergencies. Property used after requisition or emergency management shall be returned in time. If the expropriated or expropriated property is damaged or lost, compensation shall be given.

Thirteenth emergency measures, litigation, administrative reconsideration and arbitration are abnormal, and the prescribed application procedures shall be suspended or restricted, except as otherwise provided by law.

Article 14 The China People's Liberation Army, the Chinese People's Armed Police Force and militia organizations shall participate in emergency rescue and disposal in accordance with this Law and other relevant laws, administrative regulations, military regulations and the provisions of the State Council and the Central Military Commission (CMC).

Fifteenth in the prevention of emergencies, monitoring and early warning, emergency rescue, recovery and reconstruction, the government of China should carry out cooperation and exchanges with foreign governments and relevant international organizations.

Article 16 Decisions and orders of people's governments at or above the county level to deal with emergencies shall be reported to the National People's Congress for the record. The completion of emergency management shall be specified in the work report of the Standing Committee of the people's congress at the corresponding level.

Chapter II Prevention and Emergency Preparedness

The state establishes and improves the emergency preparedness system.

The State Council formulated the national overall emergency plan, and the emergency special organization formulated the national emergency plan; The relevant departments of the State Council and the State Council shall formulate national emergency plans according to the emergency plans related to their duties.

The local people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the relevant laws, regulations and rules, the emergency plans of the people's governments at higher levels and relevant departments, and in combination with the actual situation in the region, formulate corresponding emergency plans.

The organ shall formulate an emergency plan and revise it in time according to the actual needs and changes in the situation. Make contingency plans, and the State Council will revise the procedures.

Article 18 An emergency plan shall be based on the emergency nature and characteristics of this Law and other relevant laws and regulations, the specific requirements of emergency management, the responsibility system of organization and command, the emergency prevention and early warning mechanism, the disposal procedures, emergency safeguard measures and subsequent recovery and reconstruction measures.

Nineteenth should conform to the urban and rural planning, to meet the needs of various emergencies, make overall arrangements for the necessary equipment and infrastructure construction, and reasonably determine the emergency shelter.

Article 20 The government at the county level shall investigate, register, assess risks, regularly inspect and monitor hazards that are likely to cause natural disasters, accidents and public health emergencies, and dangerous areas within its administrative area, and order relevant units to take safety precautions.

Municipalities under provincial jurisdiction and municipal governments with districts shall conduct investigation, registration and risk assessment, organize inspection and monitoring, and order units to take safety precautions in dangerous areas that are easy to cause major hazards and major emergencies in special administrative regions.

The local people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the provisions of this law, promptly announce the dangerous areas and registered dangerous areas to the public.

2 1. People's governments at the county level and relevant departments, township people's governments, neighborhood offices, residents' committees and villagers' committees shall promptly mediate social contradictions and disputes that may lead to safety accidents in the process.

Twenty-second units should establish a safety management system, regularly check the implementation of their own safety precautions, eliminate hidden dangers of accidents in time, grasp and deal with safety accidents that may cause society in time, and prevent contradictions and situations from expanding; When taking emergency and safety precautions, this unit shall report to the local people's government or government departments in a timely manner in accordance with the regulations.

Twenty-three mines, construction units, units that produce, manage, store and use hazardous substances such as inflammable substances, dangerous chemicals and radioactive substances shall formulate special emergency plans, investigate buildings, structures and surrounding environment that produce dangerous substances, and take timely measures to eliminate hidden dangers and prevent emergencies.

Article 24 The business units or management units of public transport, public places and other crowded places shall formulate specific emergency plans, and vehicles and related places shall be equipped with alarm devices and necessary emergency rescue equipment and facilities, indicating their purposes, and clearly marking safe evacuation routes and routes to ensure the smooth flow of safe passages and exits.

Relevant units shall regularly test and maintain their alarm and emergency rescue equipment and facilities, keep them in good condition and ensure their normal use.

Twenty-fifth people's governments at or above the county level shall establish an emergency management training system, and the people's governments and relevant departments shall take responsibility for training emergency personnel on a regular basis.

Twenty-sixth people's governments at or above the county level shall integrate emergency resources and establish a comprehensive emergency rescue team. The people's government can set up a professional emergency rescue team according to actual needs.

People's governments at or above the county level and their departments may establish emergency rescue teams for adult volunteers. Units shall establish full-time or part-time emergency rescue teams.

The people's governments at or above the county level shall strengthen the cooperation, joint training and joint drills between professional emergency rescue teams and emergency rescue teams and non-professionals, and improve the comprehensive emergency and coordinated emergency response capabilities.

Twenty-seventh relevant departments of the State Council, local people's governments at all levels and relevant departments and units at or above the county level shall purchase personal accident insurance for professional emergency rescue personnel, and equip them with necessary protective equipment and emergency rescue personnel to reduce personal risks.

Twenty-eighth China People's Liberation Army, Chinese People's Armed Police Force and militia organizations shall organize and carry out special emergency rescue training in a planned way.

Twenty-ninth people's governments at the county level and their departments, Township People's governments and sub-district offices shall organize emergency knowledge, necessary emergency drills and popularization.

Residents' committees, villagers' committees, enterprises and institutions shall, according to the local people's governments and their actual conditions, start emergency publicity activities and knowledge and the requirements of necessary emergency drills.

The news media should carry out emergency prevention and response, and publicize the knowledge of self-help and mutual aid.

Thirtieth schools at all levels should incorporate emergency knowledge education into the teaching content, educate students about emergency knowledge, and cultivate students' safety awareness and self-help and mutual rescue ability.

The competent education department shall guide and supervise the schools that provide emergency knowledge education.

Article 3 1 the State Council and local people's governments at or above the county level shall take financial measures to ensure the needs of emergency response.

Article 32 The State shall establish and improve the security system and emergency materials reserve, and improve the supervision, production, storage, distribution and emergency distribution system of important emergency materials.

The people's governments of municipal districts and counties in areas prone to emergencies shall establish a reserve system for emergency relief materials, daily necessities and emergency equipment.

The local people's governments at or above the county level shall sign agreements with relevant enterprises according to the actual conditions in the region to ensure the production and supply of emergency relief materials, daily necessities and emergency equipment.

Article 33 The State shall establish and improve the emergency communication guarantee system, improve the public communication network, and establish an emergency communication guarantee system combining wired and wireless emergency communication systems, basic telecommunication networks and mobile communication systems to ensure smooth emergency communication.

Article 34 The State encourages working people's governments, citizens, legal persons and other organizations to provide materials, funds, technical support and donations for emergencies.

Article 35 The state develops insurance, establishes a catastrophe risk insurance system supported by state finance, and encourages institutions and citizens to participate in insurance.

Article 36 The state encourages teaching and scientific research institutions with corresponding conditions to cultivate professional knowledge of emergency management, and encourages and supports teaching and scientific research institutions and related enterprises to research and develop new technologies, equipment and tools for emergency prevention, monitoring, early warning, emergency response and rescue.

Chapter II Monitoring and Early Warning

Article 37 the State Council shall establish a unified national emergency information system.

The local people's governments at or above the county level shall establish or designate regional emergency information systems to collect, store, analyze and transmit emergency information, and realize the interconnection with the emergency information systems of the people's governments at higher levels and their departments, the people's governments at lower levels and their relevant departments, professional institutions and monitoring networks, and strengthen cross-departmental and cross-regional information exchange and cooperation.

The people's governments at or above the county level and their departments and professional institutions shall collect emergency information in various ways.

The county government shall establish a full-time or part-time information reporter system for residents' committees, villagers' committees and relevant units.

Citizens, legal persons or other organizations that know the emergency information shall immediately report to the local people's government, the competent department or the designated professional institutions.

Thirty-ninth local people's governments at all levels shall submit emergency information to the people's governments at higher levels in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state. The people's governments at or above the county level shall apply to the relevant competent departments of the people's governments that know the emergency information. Professional institutions, monitoring networks and information reporters shall promptly report emergency information to local people's governments and relevant departments.

The relevant units and personnel submitting emergency information shall be timely, objective and true, and shall not be late, false, concealed or omitted.

Fortieth local people's governments at all levels and people's governments at or above the county level shall collect and analyze early warning information of disasters and emergencies in a timely manner, and organize relevant departments, professional and technical personnel and consulting experts and scholars to evaluate possible emergencies and their possible impacts when necessary; If it is believed that particularly serious or major emergencies may occur, the government of the higher people's court shall immediately report to the government departments of the higher people's court, the local garrison and the people's governments of the relevant regions that may be injured or informed.

4 1 country has established and improved emergency monitoring system.

The people's governments at or above the county level and their relevant departments shall, according to the types and characteristics of natural disasters, accidents and public health emergencies, establish and improve the basic information database, improve the monitoring network, divide the monitoring areas, determine the monitoring points, clarify the monitoring items, equip with necessary equipment and facilities, and equip with full-time or part-time personnel to monitor possible emergencies.

Article 42 The State shall establish and improve an early warning system for emergencies.

According to the urgency, development momentum and potential harm of emergencies, the early warning levels of natural disasters, accidents and public health emergencies can be divided into four levels, with the highest levels marked with red, orange, yellow and blue respectively.

The classification standard of early warning level shall be determined by the departments of the State Council or the State Council.

Article 43 In case of natural disasters, accident disasters or public health emergencies that can be forewarned, or the possibility of imminent aggravation, the local people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the relevant laws, administrative regulations and the authority and procedures prescribed by the State Council, issue corresponding warning levels and announce the decision to enter the early warning field, so that the people's governments can aggravate the situation. When necessary, they can turn to the local garrison and the government that may be adjacent to or related to the disaster for help.

Article 44 During the period of issuing Class III and Class IV early warnings and announcing early warnings, local people's governments at or above the county level shall take the following measures according to the characteristics and potential hazards of emergencies:

(a) to start the emergency plan;

(two) to order the relevant departments, professional institutions, monitoring networks and personnel to be responsible for timely collecting and reporting information to the public information channels to reflect the specific responsibilities of emergencies, and to strengthen the monitoring, prediction and early warning of emergencies;

(three) organize relevant departments and institutions, professional and technical personnel, experts and scholars to do a good job in the analysis and evaluation of emergency information, and predict the possible scope, intensity and level of emergency;

(four) to manage and regularly report to the society and the public the information related to the prediction, analysis and evaluation results of emergencies;

(five) in accordance with the relevant provisions of the timely release of emergency warning to the public, publicity to avoid and minimize the harm of common sense, announced the contact number.

Article 45 During the early warning period, the local people's governments at or above the county level shall, in addition to the measures stipulated in Article 44 of this Law, take one or more of the following measures in view of the characteristics and potential hazards of the upcoming emergencies:

(1) Ordering emergency rescue teams and personnel with specific responsibilities to be on standby, and mobilizing reserve personnel to participate in emergency rescue preparations;

(2) Raise necessary emergency rescue materials, equipment and tools, prepare emergency facilities and shelters, and ensure that they are in good condition and can be put into normal use at any time;

(three) to strengthen the safety of key units, important parts and key infrastructure, and maintain social order;

(four) to take necessary measures to ensure the safety and normal operation of public facilities such as transportation, communication, water supply, drainage, electricity, gas and heating;

(5) timely put forward suggestions to the society to take concrete measures to avoid or reduce harm, lawyer.

(six) transfer, evacuation or emergency evacuation of vulnerable people and proper placement, transfer of important property;

(seven) close or restrict the use of dangerous places prone to emergencies, and control or restrict the expansion of hazards in public places;

(eight) other necessary preventive and protective measures as prescribed by laws, regulations and rules.

Article 46 stipulates that local people's governments at or above the county level and relevant competent departments shall report according to the reports of the people's governments and relevant departments, and if necessary, they may report beyond their level.

Forty-seventh emergency government should adjust and re-issue the alarm according to the development of the situation and the warning line of relevant regulations.

If it has been proved that the emergency or danger of the impossible event has been lifted, the people's government that issued the early warning shall immediately notify that the early warning has been lifted and terminated, and lift the measures already taken.

Zhang emergency rescue

Article 48 After an incident occurs, the government that performs unified leadership duties or organizes the handling of emergencies shall immediately organize relevant departments to mobilize emergency rescue teams and social forces according to the nature, characteristics and degree of harm of the incident and take emergency measures in accordance with the provisions of this chapter and relevant laws, regulations and rules.

Forty-ninth after the occurrence of natural disasters, accidents or public health incidents, the people's government performing unified leadership duties may take one or more of the following emergency measures:

& ltBR/( 1) Organize rescue and treatment of the injured, properly arrange evacuation and evacuation of threatened personnel, and take other rescue measures;

(2) Quickly control hazards, mark dangerous areas, block dangerous places, delimit warning areas, and implement control measures such as traffic control;

(three) immediately repair the damaged public facilities such as transportation, communication, water supply, drainage, electricity, gas and heating, endangering the provision of housing and other necessities, and implementing medical treatment and epidemic prevention;

(4) Equipment and facilities whose use is prohibited or restricted, places whose use is closed or restricted, suspension of personnel intensive activities or production and business activities that may lead to the expansion of hazards, and other protective measures;

(five) to start the people's government to set up a financial emergency relief material reserve fund to reserve, and to call other urgently needed materials, equipment, facilities and tools when necessary;

(six) to organize citizens to participate in emergency rescue and disposal work, and to provide services for people with specific expertise;

(seven) to ensure the supply of basic necessities such as food, drinking water and fuel;

(eight) severely punish hoarding, driving up prices, making and selling fake goods and other acts that disrupt market order, stabilize market prices and maintain market order;

(nine) severely punish acts of looting property, disrupting emergency work, disrupting social order and maintaining social order according to law;

(10) Take necessary measures to prevent the occurrence of secondary and derivative events.

After the occurrence of social security incidents, the people's government shall immediately organize relevant departments to do a good job in organizing and handling them. According to the nature and characteristics of the incident, the public security organ shall take one or more of the following emergency measures in accordance with Article 50 of relevant laws and administrative regulations and other relevant provisions:

(a) the use of equipment to forcibly isolate or violently conflict between one party and the other, properly resolve disputes and disputes on the spot, and control the development of the situation;

(2) Is it in a specific area? Control of buildings, vehicles, equipment, facilities, fuel, gas, electricity and water supply; BR p> (3) Blocking places and roads, checking the identity of on-site staff and restricting activities in public places;

(4) Strengthening fragile core organs and setting up temporary warning lines near state organs, military organs, state news agencies, radio stations, television stations, foreign embassies and consulates in China and other units;

(5) Other necessary security measures stipulated by laws, administrative regulations and the State Council.

When an incident that seriously endangers social order occurs, the public security organ shall immediately dispatch police according to law and take corresponding law enforcement measures according to the situation on the spot to restore normal social order as soon as possible.

The "5 1" incident seriously affected the normal operation of the national economy. The relevant competent departments authorized by the State Council or the State Council can take necessary emergency measures such as safeguard and control to ensure the basic needs of the people and minimize the impact of emergencies.

Article 52 Under the unified leadership of performing duties or organizing people's governments to deal with emergencies, if necessary, requisition equipment, facilities, venues, transportation and other materials needed by emergency rescue units and individuals, request other local governments to provide manpower, material resources, financial resources or technical support, and produce and supply daily necessities and emergency rescue materials. The company will organize production and ensure supply, and ask public service institutions such as medical care and transportation to provide corresponding services.

The government that performs the duties of unified leadership or organizes the handling of emergencies shall organize and coordinate the transportation business units, and give priority to the equipment, tools, emergency rescue personnel and those who are harmed by emergencies.

Fifty-third people's governments that perform unified leadership duties or organize the handling of emergencies shall, in accordance with relevant regulations, uniformly, accurately and timely release information on the development of emergencies and emergency response.

Article 54 No unit or individual may fabricate or disseminate false information about the development of emergencies and emergency work.

Article 55 When an accident happens to a residents' committee, the villagers' committee and other organizations shall, according to the decisions and orders of the local government, conduct publicity and mobilization, organize the masses to help themselves and each other, and help maintain social order.

Article 56. Units affected by natural disasters, disasters or accidents, disasters and public health emergencies shall immediately organize emergency rescue teams and personnel to rescue the injured, evacuate, evacuate and resettle the threatened personnel, control the hazards, mark the dangerous areas, seal off the dangerous places, take other necessary measures to prevent the hazards from expanding, and report to the local county-level government the social security accidents caused by the units or main personnel.