Will you go to jail if you get a court summons for defaulting on China telecom network fees?

You don't have to go to jail when you receive a court summons, just go to court or settle with telecom out of court. For example, if you pay back the money, they will drop the lawsuit and not sue you. If no lawsuit is filed, the court will decide according to the most favorable result for the plaintiff.

You are still in a civil dispute, so you don't need to go to jail.

But there is no special reason for your breach of contract. You'd better pay it back so as not to end up with any moths.