Campus incident of Baoding Army Military Academy

There have been two major riots in Baoding Military Academy, which seriously affected the teaching quality. The first time was in five years of the Republic of China (A.D. 19 16). Yuan Shikai failed to proclaim himself emperor. After being dissolved as a model group of minions to restore the imperial system, it was inserted into the sixth phase of the military school. Because there were too many grievances in the group, it caused the opposition of the students in the fifth phase of the school, which led to the war between the two sides. First hit with fists, bricks and sticks, and then move the knife and gun, causing casualties. Although the school tried to discourage it, it didn't help. Later, the Beijing government sent Yin Chang, a general of the War Department, to Baoding to subdue both sides before the conflict was resolved.

The second time was in the summer of the ninth year of the Republic of China (A.D. 1920), when the Zhi-Wan War broke out, Qu Tongfeng, commander-in-chief of the former enemy of the Anhui Army, was captured in Songlindian, and the fifteenth division of the Anhui Army surrendered to the Zhi army. During the summer vacation, the military academy was used as a temporary shelter. Because 15 division was in arrears for several months, it caused dissatisfaction among junior officers, and there was a mutiny. The military academy was looted and set on fire, and it had to be closed. Military schools implement a brutal compulsory education, and some section chiefs often punch and kick students. For example, Yu, the chief of the engineering department, supervised students with a whip all day and even chased students everywhere; XXX, the cavalry chief, forced the trainees to train for another hour and a half after the exercise; From time to time, the headmaster or the director of education will gather all the students in the campus square to give lectures. The students stand at attention and don't move, at least for a few hours. Some of them are weak.

When training in the field, the weather is cold, and all the students are called to comment one by one, from the principal to the section chief. It will take several hours, so that the sweat on the students' heads is frozen, and they are not allowed to leave the team and rest. These compulsory education are the so-called spiritual education they learned from Japan and Germany. Some students can't stand such compulsory education, which makes them crazy. For example, Han, a student from Guangxi, suffers from mental illness. In terms of diet, students are required to eat without washing their faces after the exercise, with their heads covered with dust. The rice eaten is not only rough, but also mixed with sand. Once, the military rice purchased from Hunan was not only of poor quality, but also mixed with a lot of sand, which aroused students' public anger and set fire to the warehouse. Although it was not a disaster, it can be seen that the students were dissatisfied with the food at that time. This is, of course, caused by the fraud of the personnel who undertake food procurement in the school. Administrative personnel beat and scold students, instructors, teaching assistants and company platoon leaders in charge of military education have low education level, and the people are corrupt, which makes the dissatisfaction among students expand day by day. During this period, the principal Zhao turned a blind eye to school affairs, so the whole school students set off a big wave of anti-Zhao. At the beginning of the agitation, the school mobilized Bao Guiqing's brigade, a new army stationed in Baoding at that time, surrounded the school from all sides, threatened the school with machine guns and cannons, and prohibited students from moving around.

The school authorities called the students to trial one by one and forced them to sign the repentance book. However, everyone did not express their views in unison. The interrogators pushed the interrogated students to the ground and put a gun near the interrogation room, saying that the shooting was to intimidate other students. However, the students are stubborn and still refuse to give in. They also recommended Liu (a native of Hubei) to go to Beijing to petition the President and Vice President. At that time, the whole school was surrounded by troops and could not go out. Instead, he sneaked out of the toilet and went to Beijing to state the situation encouraged by the school and ask for assistance. At this time, the war department, the school authorities and the brigade commander Bao Guiqing stationed in the military academy saw that they could not subdue the students, so they had to report to the chief of the army for approval and dissolve the whole school. Students, like caged birds, took the train to the north one after another, demanding that the representatives of the provinces in Beijing petition Yuan Shikai and Li to solve the problem.

At that time, Duan tried to completely dissolve the students and let them return to their original places. Later, Liang Qichao proposed to Chen Jian that dissolving the students was tantamount to releasing the tiger to the mountain. If the Kuomintang uses them to make trouble everywhere, it will be even more difficult to clean up. Try to reconcile them, take them back to school, manage them strictly and tame them. After careful consideration, Yuan Shikai adopted Liang Qichao's opinion, agreed that Duan could meet the requirements of students, replaced principals, instructors and officials with poor knowledge at all levels, invited military representatives from provincial offices in Beijing to mediate for students, and sent people to Sichuan 10 yuan. The government sent a special car and a military band to welcome the students back to Baoding Military Academy. The students won and everyone was happy. After Zhao was driven away, Yuan Shikai instructed Duan Pai (also known as Baili) to take over the post of president of Baoding Military Academy. Jiang Nairi graduated from the Japanese-German Military Academy with rich military science. At that time, China was a military talent. After he came to school, he did a lot of sorting, eliminated instructors and cadres who were considered bad by students in various companies, and improved school affairs and student life. The headmaster personally went to various companies to supervise and inspect, and when he saw that the company's cadres were poorly trained and commanded, he blamed them on the spot.

When Jiang Fangzhen came to school, Ben and Yuan Shikai agreed that after two months, if he didn't clean up properly, he would quit. If you think there is a way, go ahead. After two months' arrangement, he told Yuan that he was willing to work hard and told all the students that if he could not run the school well, he would commit suicide to thank the world. The students are also very moved and willing to study hard. Unexpectedly, Duan's army was dissatisfied with Jiang's actions and it was unsustainable. In order to practice the preface, Jiang one day gathered all the students to explain and encourage. After speaking for several hours, he calmly walked into the principal's office and committed suicide. After the shot, no one cared. He still came out and stood in front of the students, and then he fell down, his face covered with blood. The whole school saw this and everyone cried.

Fortunately, he didn't die, but Zhang, then Minister of Education, reported to President Beijing by telephone. On the same day, Yuan Pai's senior consultant led the medical staff to the school by special car for rescue, but fortunately they saved their lives. He was treated at school for some time, and his classmates took turns guarding him. After his gradual recovery, he left school and went to Tianjin and Beijing for medical treatment. Later, Qu Tongfeng was sent by the War Department as the principal. In order to strive for an early start of school, the eighth cadets of the military academy organized a reunion to appeal to dignitaries. Zhang is an engineering student, wearing the uniform of a military academy officer, pulling a rickshaw to attract customers on the streets of Beijing. The newspaper immediately published the news on the topic of "Officers and students pulling rickshaws". All the newspapers in Beijing published the news, which caused a sensation. Zhang's talk to reporters and Zhang's self-report were also published in the front page.

Zhang's main idea is: I studied in Baoding Military Academy, aiming to serve the country. I have no place to live because the military academy was robbed by soldiers. I came to Beijing, and my life was empty. In addition to military uniforms, I am reluctant to give up. In order to make a living, I had to pull a rickshaw to live, earn my own living, give consideration to both public and private affairs, be aboveboard, endure difficulties temporarily and wait for school to start. I will continue to pull rickshaws until the military school starts. This action is also a great mockery of the Beijing warlord government. In the tenth year of the Republic of China (A.D. 192 1), school started in October. The ninth batch of students (that is, the last batch of students enrolled in the preparatory military school in 19 17) also entered the school at the same time. At this time, some instructors have left school to make a living, and the principal has changed hands, which has triggered a wave of salary demands and made teachers feel uneasy about teaching. The eighth and ninth students barely graduated.