Is promoting garbage sorting an incentive or a punishment?

Recently, the urban management departments at Shenzhen and district levels jointly held the conference of "National Classification Era * * * invites you to witness". On 20 17, the citizens witnessed the release of "Domestic Waste Classification Guide" at the city's 1 main venue and 10 sub-venue. At the end of March this year, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued the "Implementation Plan for Domestic Waste Classification System", requiring 46 cities across the country to take the lead in implementing mandatory domestic waste classification. Shenzhen is one of them. According to media reports, with the release of the guide in the whole city, Shenzhen officially entered the "era of compulsory garbage classification".

"Residential property service enterprises are responsible for the classification management of domestic waste, and if the time or place of garbage classification is not publicized, they will be fined 2000 yuan; Failing to hand over the classified domestic garbage to a qualified unit for classified collection and transportation, a fine of 5000 yuan will be imposed. If a unit or individual fails to put or put domestic garbage according to the requirements, the individual will be fined in 50 yuan and the unit will be fined 1 000 yuan. " Similar penalties in the Guidelines indicate that garbage disposal will no longer be free in the future life of Shenzhen citizens.

When it comes to "coercion", questioning and opposing may be a subconscious reaction of many people. But in the matter of garbage sorting, coercion is probably a hurdle that people must pass.

As we all know, compared with the traditional landfill, waste incineration is much superior, which is not only conducive to the realization of waste reduction, but also can generate new energy. The ashes after landfill incineration will also greatly reduce the occupation of land resources, but the premise of garbage incineration is to be truly harmless.

It's not too late to promote garbage sorting in China. In the 1990s, some cities advocated classified garbage collection. Beijing 1993 formulated the Regulations on City Appearance and Environmental Sanitation, which mentioned that it is necessary to "gradually implement the classified collection of municipal solid waste". In 2000, eight cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing and Hangzhou, were identified as pilot cities for garbage sorting and collection, and nationwide garbage sorting began.

But objectively speaking, the effect of garbage classification in China is not optimistic. Why is this happening? There are many reasons. An expert said, "This is a problem of habit formation, which is related to the progress of the whole society, involving people's psychology, culture, education and other factors ..." This analysis can be called comprehensive and profound, but how to change habits can not ignore a simple problem, that is, we need to play a mandatory role when necessary. Take the developed countries with relatively successful garbage sorting as an example. According to the data, Germany, Belgium and other countries have stipulated penalties including fines.

After a long period of positive publicity and guidance, with the concept of "garbage classification" gradually taking shape in the hearts of the people, it is time to consider playing a mandatory role to correct the old behavior patterns. The Implementation Plan of Domestic Waste Classification System at the National Level proposes that by the end of 2020, a system of laws, regulations and standards related to waste classification should be basically established, a replicable and scalable domestic waste classification model should be formed, and compulsory domestic waste classification should be implemented in 46 cities. It is timely for Shenzhen to take the lead in entering the "era of compulsory garbage sorting".

It may be a necessary step to do a good job in garbage sorting, but according to the experience of other countries, in order to make coercion play a corrective role and minimize people's hostility to coercion, the work of relevant departments needs to be done carefully and deeply. The Guide formulated by Shenzhen this time is informative and intuitive. When it is released, the citizens are invited to witness it, which reflects the "meticulous and intensive" effort and is the basis for opening the era of compulsory garbage classification.

"Garbage classification is everyone's responsibility". Taking this responsibility requires external coercion, and at the same time, incentives are indispensable. The media in Beijing once reported that a residential area with nearly 1 200 households successfully implemented garbage sorting. "Residents bring garbage, weigh it, swipe their cards on machines similar to PO S machines with credit cards, and the points are scored on the cards. 1 kg kitchen waste accumulates 2 points, 1 kg waste newspaper accumulates 10 points, and 200 points can be converted into 15 yuan, which can be exchanged for daily necessities such as toilet paper and hand sanitizer, or enjoy community services such as housekeeping and hairdressing. " The experience of this community is worth learning and encouraging people to gradually change their behavior patterns.