Basic knowledge of garbage classification

1. Recyclable materials mainly include waste paper, plastic, glass, metal and cloth.

These wastes can be recycled through comprehensive treatment, reducing pollution and saving resources. If every 1 ton of waste paper is recycled, 850 kilograms of paper can be made, 300 kilograms of wood can be saved, and pollution is reduced by 74% compared with the same output; Every 1 ton plastic beverage bottle can recover 0.7 tons of secondary raw materials; Every recovered 1 ton of scrap steel can produce 0.9 tons of steel, which saves 47% cost compared with ore smelting, reduces air pollution by 75%, and reduces water pollution and solid waste by 97%.

2. Other garbage

Other garbage (called dry garbage in Shanghai) includes bricks and tiles, muck, toilet waste paper, paper towels and other wastes that are difficult to recycle, dust, food bags (boxes) and so on. Sanitary landfill can effectively reduce the pollution of groundwater, surface water, soil and air.

Big bones are classified as "other garbage" because they are "hard to corrode". Corn kernels, nut shells, fruit kernels and chicken bones are all kitchen garbage. Toilet paper: Toilet paper and toilet paper are soluble in water, not recyclable "paper", and there are similar cigarette cases.

Bagging of kitchen waste: Ordinary plastic bags, even though degradable, are far more difficult to corrode than kitchen waste. In addition, plastic bags themselves are recyclable garbage. The correct way is to dump the kitchen waste into the trash can and throw the plastic bag into the "recyclable garbage" bucket.

Shell: In garbage classification, the logo of "shell melon skin" is peanut shell, which really belongs to kitchen garbage. Waste cooking oil left at home is also classified as "kitchen waste".

Dust: In garbage classification, dust belongs to "other garbage", while litter belongs to "kitchen waste", including flowers that have failed at home.

3. Kitchen garbage

Kitchen waste (called wet waste in Shanghai) includes food waste such as leftovers, bones, roots, leaves and peels. After in-situ treatment of compost by biotechnology, 0.6~0.7 tons of organic fertilizer can be produced per ton.

4. Hazardous waste

Hazardous wastes include heavy metals, toxic substances harmful to human health or wastes that cause actual or potential harm to the environment. Including batteries, fluorescent tubes, light bulbs, mercury thermometers, paint buckets, some household appliances, expired drugs and their containers, expired cosmetics, etc. These wastes are usually recycled or landfilled separately.

The significance of garbage classification:

1, reducing land occupation. Garbage classification, removing recyclable and non-degradable substances, reducing the amount of garbage by more than 50%.

2. Reduce environmental pollution. Waste batteries contain toxic substances such as metallic mercury, which will pose a serious threat to human beings. When waste plastics enter the soil, it will lead to crop yield reduction, so recycling can reduce these hazards.

3. Turn waste into treasure. 1 ton of waste plastics can recover 600kg of unleaded gasoline and diesel oil. Recycling 1500 tons of waste paper can avoid cutting down trees used to produce 1200 tons of paper. Therefore, garbage recycling is both environmentally friendly and resource-saving.