Energy saving measures in interior design of residential buildings?

What are the specific contents of energy-saving measures in interior design of residential buildings? Zhong Da Consulting will answer your questions below.

In today's increasingly exhausted energy, energy conservation of residential buildings has been widely concerned. At present, many countries have conducted in-depth research on energy efficiency of residential buildings. Among many energy-saving methods, developing energy-saving building materials, adopting new technologies, new insulation doors and windows, and using new energy sources are more concerned. However, in the process of interior decoration, these new materials and technologies have not been applied simultaneously. The fundamental reason is that in the interior design stage, designers failed to consider indoor energy-saving measures, or considered them very little and thoughtless. I think there are many reasons for this. As far as the author has been in contact with home improvement design in Chongqing for many years, firstly, people do not know enough about the energy-saving details of the living environment, and their awareness of energy conservation is weak. In the process of decoration, they excessively pursue visual effects and ignore the essence of energy saving; Secondly, designers know very little about energy-saving technology in interior design, and they don't know how to use and embody it in design, which leads to the vacuum phenomenon of energy-saving design application in the process of residential building decoration. Based on this, the author intends to summarize the main ways of residential building energy consumption and put forward corresponding solutions and ideas for designers and friends preparing for decoration. 1 Main factors affecting indoor energy consumption of residential buildings Generally speaking, building energy consumption is divided into two parts: energy consumption during construction and energy consumption during use, and the ratio of energy consumption during construction to energy consumption during use is about 1: 9 ~ 2: 8. Therefore, energy-saving measures are the key to energy-saving research [1]. The indoor energy consumption of residential buildings is mainly electricity consumption, and the most concentrated consumption of electricity is air conditioning, refrigeration and heating, followed by household appliances and lighting. Table 1 briefly analyzes the main factors affecting the indoor energy consumption of residential buildings. 2. Energy saving measures in interior design of residential buildings 2. 1. Energy-saving measures for renovation of indoor enclosure structure. The renovation of indoor enclosure structure focuses on the insulation of external walls, doors and windows. The original structural system should not be destroyed, and the increased load on the wall and roof should be reduced as much as possible. Adopting a reasonably designed energy-saving decorative structure can achieve the goal of high efficiency and energy saving. 2. 1. 1 In the energy-saving design of the external wall, the internal insulation of the external wall is mostly single-family decoration, which has a long application time, relatively mature technology, and relatively perfect construction technology and inspection standards; The inner wall treated by internal insulation has high surface finish, which can reduce the construction process of indoor painting project. However, there are also some defects in internal insulation, such as easy cracking of facing layer, thermal bridge and occupying indoor space. In view of this, thermal insulation materials with high efficiency and low thermal conductivity should be used as much as possible in the design of external wall internal thermal insulation to reduce the thickness of thermal insulation layer and indoor floor space. The surface of the insulation layer should be covered with a layer to improve the strength and hardness of the surface layer, but it is not allowed to directly plaster with hard mortar to prevent cracking. At present, the commonly used internal insulation materials are EIFS flame retardant polystyrene board and phenolic foam plastic. , the design thickness in the range of 18 ~ 25mm can achieve good thermal insulation effect. 2. 1.2 Energy saving of doors and windows should consider several aspects: (1) Reasonable control of the window-wall ratio. In the interior design stage, according to the stipulation that the specific area of windows and walls should be controlled at about 20% in the Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Civil Buildings, the window area of the living room should be recalculated and controlled reasonably. ⑵ Use energy-saving doors and windows. The thermal insulation and air tightness of energy-saving doors and windows must meet the requirements of the Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Civil Buildings, and improve the sealing performance of doors and windows and envelope structures. When installing doors and windows, the gaps in the door and window frames should be filled with sealing materials. (3) The treatment of door and window glass is an important step for energy saving of doors and windows. For ordinary residents, on the premise of not replacing doors and windows, the effect of reducing the heat gain of solar radiation through doors and windows glass can be achieved by using heat reflection film or nano-transparent heat insulation coating. 2. 1.3 External window shading is an energy-saving building in southern cities, such as Chongqing and Hunan, with high solar radiation intensity in summer. In the interior design stage, we can consider designing movable sun visor, vertical shutter or movable shutter on the window. These measures can reduce the room temperature by more than 2℃, greatly shorten the indoor air conditioning time, and achieve remarkable energy-saving effect. The shading effect depends not only on the shading form, but also on the structural treatment, installation position, material and color of shading facilities. Now parasols have been made into products to meet different design needs. 2. 1.4 energy-saving roof and floor roof From the indoor point of view, the top floor room should be treated with ceiling, and thermal insulation layer should be added to the ceiling to slow down the heat transfer of the roof in summer. Materials with low thermal conductivity should be selected for floor decoration, such as hardwood floors or thick plastic floors, to enhance their thermal insulation and give people a warm and comfortable feeling; You can also lay insulation boards on the ground structure layer or use low-temperature radiant floor, which is more conducive to improving indoor comfort and improving floor thermal insulation performance. 2.2 Energy-saving measures for indoor environment design 2.2. 1 Rationality of indoor functional layout and space design, reasonable division of indoor functional areas, requirements for the same or similar rooms and areas relative to the centralized thermal environment, and good orientation for main functional rooms, such as living room, study room and master bedroom. Ensure good lighting and ventilation conditions, make full use of natural lighting, reduce the lighting time of lamps, and reduce the use of electric heating and refrigeration through natural ventilation to achieve energy-saving effect. Generally speaking, from the perspective of energy conservation, the balcony should be closed as far as possible when the property permits, so that the balcony can form a buffer zone for changes in temperature, that is, hot air in summer and cold air in winter will not directly act on the room, playing the role of transition zone, reducing the direct effect of outdoor air on the room, thus reducing indoor energy consumption. When designing kitchen and bathroom, it is best to consider bright kitchen and bathroom and avoid darkroom. Kitchen and bathroom have low requirements for thermal environment. As long as there is good lighting, a lot of lighting electricity can be saved. Decorative techniques such as ceiling and partition are often used in interior design, which not only beautify the top surface and block the line of sight, but also consider the airflow organization and space volume. Understand the circulation of indoor natural wind, and consider guiding the airflow to the required position when setting partitions. It is best to use the movable partition connecting the bottom and the bottom, which is convenient for adjustment and makes the indoor space changeable and interesting. General living space does not need too high a top surface. In order to meet the space change and people's psychological needs, the ceiling height should be slightly shorter, which will help reduce the energy consumption of air conditioning. 2.2.2 Rationality of furniture layout and indoor material selection Indoor layout and furnishings should be adaptable and easy to adjust with the changes of environment and climate. This adjustment can be achieved by reassembling the furniture and replacing the cover cloth. In the room with east-west windows, in addition to doing activities to effectively block solar radiation, it is best to choose curtains to block it. The combination of one thick and one thin, one shallow and one deep is the best. Light-colored gauze curtains can reflect a lot of radiation when placed outside, and dark-colored thick fabric curtains can absorb strong sunlight when placed inside, which greatly improves the indoor comfort while saving energy. In the selection of indoor decoration materials, combined with the requirements of heating and heat insulation, decorative materials such as wood with small heat capacity and thermal conductivity should be selected to reduce the load of heating equipment. 2.2.3 The psychological meaning of indoor greening and color suggests that indoor greening has the functions of organizing space, decorating and beautifying, adding color and so on. If properly configured, it can also make great contributions to indoor energy saving. For example, the balcony facing west is badly sunburned in summer, and the green curtain formed by vertical greening can play the role of heat insulation and cooling. In addition, introducing natural elements such as trees, flowers, rocks and water features in various places including stairs, balconies and corridors will make people feel cool in summer. Indoor greening can also be combined with natural ventilation and natural adjustment of temperature and humidity, which will greatly improve the isolation between indoor space and outdoor space. People's feelings about the environment are not only physical but also psychological. Research shows that environmental color has a certain influence on people's comfort. In the sense of energy saving, we can actively study and apply psychological function from indoor color, texture and other aspects. According to the seasonal and physiological needs, changing indoor decorative surfaces, furniture decorative surfaces and decorations with different colors and textures can improve the psychological comfort value and correspondingly reduce indoor energy consumption. 2.3 Lighting design and application of energy-saving measures in air-conditioning system 2.3. 1 Indoor lighting energy saving In lighting design, according to the functional requirements and visual characteristics of the room, we should choose a reasonable illumination value, adopt the light source arrangement mode of combining low-intensity ambient lighting with accent lighting to ensure work, control lighting and illumination in different areas, appropriately increase the switch points of lighting lamps, make full use of the illumination variation of natural light, and minimize unnecessary artificial illumination. Promote the use of light sources with high light efficiency and long life, such as thin tube fluorescent lamps and compact fluorescent lamps. In addition, a single high wattage fluorescent tube is more energy-saving than a single low wattage fluorescent tube under the same illumination. Therefore, the lighting design of the living room should adopt comprehensive and focused lighting as far as possible, and use less starlight lighting. 2.3.2 Energy-saving measures of indoor air-conditioning system in interior design can be considered from two aspects: the adoption mode and installation height of air-conditioning system. Nowadays, air conditioning technology is developing faster and faster. Facing different air conditioning systems, the correct choice will be an important link of energy saving of residential air conditioning. According to the analysis of relevant statistical data, according to the consumption level of Chinese residents, split air conditioning system is more suitable for residential decoration in China. This air conditioning mode can easily adapt to the air conditioning needs of different residents, and can give full play to the energy-saving potential of residents' behavior. Therefore, air conditioning usually runs intermittently in a short period of time, and the air conditioning behavior of residential buildings can be automatically realized through adaptive adjustment of residents. With central air conditioning, the system can only run according to the maximum demand, and it is difficult to play the potential of energy saving by household behavior.

For more information about project/service/procurement bidding, and to improve the winning rate, please click on the bottom of official website Customer Service for free consultation:/#/? source=bdzd