Solve the problems of housing difficulties and high rents in first-tier cities during the 14 th Five-Year Plan, and take multiple measures to ensure the development of housing leasing.

/kloc-In the past 0/00 years, the urbanization process in China has been continuously promoted, and the population has gathered from rural areas to cities. Peaceful life has always been an important issue.

Recently, the General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Affordable Rental Housing, which clarified the basic system and supporting policies of affordable rental housing from five aspects: land support, optimizing administrative examination and approval, financial support, tax reduction and fee reduction, and financial support.

On July 7th, the State Council held a policy briefing to introduce the situation of accelerating the development of affordable rental housing. Ni Hong, Vice Minister of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, said that talent is the core competitiveness of a city. A city has a future only when young people have hope, and a country has a future only when young people have hope. Therefore, it is the responsibility of governments at all levels to solve the housing problems of young people and new citizens, and it is also an inevitable requirement to improve competitiveness and achieve sustainable development. The government should have the endogenous motivation to do this.

The issue of housing lease has once again aroused widespread concern. Among them, first-tier cities, in particular, attract a large number of young people, but house prices and rents are high, so it is more urgent to solve the housing rental problem and ensure the new citizens to live in peace.

According to the latest report released by Zhuge Housing Search Data Research Center, in June, the average rent of houses in the north, Guangzhou and Shenzhen reached 9 1.78, 99.32, 60.58 and 90.55 yuan/square meter/month respectively, leading other cities in overall increase.

The report pointed out that first-tier cities, as the best choice for most young people to find jobs, coincided with the influx of a large number of people in the graduation season, which led to a significant increase in the activity of the rental market and a consequent increase in rents. It is expected that with the graduates leaving school to find jobs and the influx of a large number of graduates from other provinces and cities, the peak season effect will continue, and the rent level in first-tier cities still has some room to rise.

For some newly graduated college students, the high rent expenditure is unbearable.

The reporter combed the outline of the "14 th Five-Year Plan" of the four first-tier cities in the north, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, and all of them spent a certain amount of time on the housing rental work in the next five years. In contrast, in the previous "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", most of the housing rental issues were only touched upon.

Increase supply and promote the balance between occupation and residence.

Whether providing housing security or stabilizing rents, increasing the supply of rental housing is the most direct and effective measure.

Beijing's "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" outlines that in view of the self-occupation needs of low-and middle-income families, we should vigorously raise and build various types of rental housing, improve the family security rate of public rental housing, and increase the proportion of new supply sets by no less than 40%. The proportion of land supply for new collective land rental housing and other policy rental housing shall not be less than 15% of the total supply.

Shanghai has put forward more specific quantitative goals, implemented the talent housing project, and broadened the channels for raising rental housing for talents. By 2025, the city's talent housing rental housing scale will reach 200,000 sets.

Shanghai has also separately proposed to increase the supply of dormitory-type rental housing for urban basic service personnel, and by 2025, the number of rental housing (including rooms and dormitory beds) will reach more than 400,000 sets.

Guangzhou did not explicitly mention quantitative targets in the outline of the "14th Five-Year Plan", but made it clear that it would increase the supply of affordable rental housing and make a separate plan for rental housing land. According to the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period disclosed by Guangzhou, a total of 88,900 sets of affordable housing projects (including rental subsidies) were raised, exceeding the target value of 57,500 sets.

Shenzhen also did not mention the target of the number of rental housing in the next five years, but on July 7th, Shenzhen Housing and Construction Bureau issued the Annual Implementation Plan for Housing Development 202 1, which plans to supply 37 hectares of rental housing land this year, accounting for about 3.63.3 hectares of the annual planned residential land supply110, and plans to build and raise 65,438+rental housing. In the eyes of local real estate researchers in Shenzhen, this is a challenging goal.

In addition to increasing the total supply, the location of rental housing is equally important.

A real estate agent in downtown Shenzhen told reporters that in the case of rising rents, some tenants will choose to change their rents from the central area to a relatively remote low-rent area in order to control the rent cost.

However, this often leads to the increase of commuting distance and time, and it is not in line with the principle of low-carbon urban development.

In the outline of the "14th Five-Year Plan", both Beijing and Shanghai emphasized the balance between job and residence. Among them, Shanghai proposed to encourage the transformation of old commercial buildings in the central city into rental housing to provide living facilities for the surrounding employed population.

Beijing has made more specific arrangements, including building rental housing around key functional areas and industrial parks, improving local employment rate and promoting the balance between occupation and residence; During the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period, residential land in the central city will be given priority for the construction of rental housing and small and medium-sized houses with property rights, and the supply of rental housing will be moderately increased in the central city.

In addition, in order to improve the convenience of commuting, Beijing also proposed to coordinate the construction of rail transit and the supply of residential land, and increase the supply of residential land along the big station express line and suburban commuter railway.

Multi-agent and multi-channel guarantee

Generally speaking, the number of rented houses provided by individual landlords will basically remain at a relatively stable level in a certain period of time. What measures should be taken if the supply is to be greatly increased?

Li, chief researcher of Guangdong Housing Policy Research Center, told the reporter that considering that some big cities concentrated on leasing land and building rental housing from 20 17 to 20 19, large-scale supply will be formed next, and large cities with net population inflow will have separate plans for rental housing land, and the supply will continue to increase in the future.

However, due to the high leverage and rapid turnover mode of developers, many housing enterprises are reluctant to develop long-term rental housing.

A developer told reporters that institutional landlords are different from individual landlords, and it is basically difficult to avoid taxes. In addition, the rental return rate in big cities is not high, and it is difficult to cover the financing cost. Therefore, from a financial point of view, it is difficult to have the enthusiasm for self-sustaining renting.

The Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Affordable Rental Housing puts forward a series of safeguard and preferential measures, including using existing land to reduce land costs, giving tax incentives, and supporting banking financial institutions to provide long-term loans to self-sustaining subjects of affordable rental housing in a market-oriented manner.

In their respective "14 th Five-Year Plan" outlines, Beishangguangshen and Shenzhen also mentioned multi-subject and multi-channel financing measures for rental housing construction, including: exploring the use of collective construction land and idle land of state-owned enterprises, universities, scientific research institutions and other enterprises and institutions to build rental housing; Encourage industrial parks, large enterprises and institutions to build new talent apartments; Encourage inefficient commercial, office and factory buildings to be transformed into dormitories or apartments for employees.

Li pointed out that revitalizing the low-priced stock space will become the main supply mode of rental housing, which can control the housing cost from the source and realize low rent.

In addition, Shenzhen also specifically proposed to encourage large-scale leasing of villages in cities, continuously improve the living environment and supporting services of villages in cities, and continue to play the role of villages in cities as a low-cost living space and a balance between occupation and residence.

During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, some developers and leasing institutions transformed some urban villages in Shenzhen into rented apartments. Although the environment has been greatly improved, it has also been criticized for pushing up the rent in this area.

How to strike a balance between retaining low-cost living space and improving living quality? He Qianru, director of the National Research Center of Midland realty, told reporters that if you want to keep the rent of the village in the city low, you should not pursue excessive transformation. Can be led by the government, focusing on improving fire safety and sanitation environment.

At present, urban competition is, to a great extent, the competition of talents, even the competition of population. For big cities with high housing prices, in order to attract and retain population and talents, it is necessary to provide them with housing security.